Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Epidemiology's role as the 'diagnostic' arm of public health has submitted epidemiological reasoning and practice to the crossfire of oppositional social values and demands. In Latin America, the visible signs of extreme social and political authoritarianism and inequity, as well as the growing unfairness of the World economy, inspired a culture of social critique and a corresponding academic reform movement, which nurtured a profound social awareness among health scientists. Aims The authors' aim is to call attention to the need to overcome this scientific North/South divide. An imperative, at a moment when the demolition of health standards under the pressures of global economic acceleration and 'unhealthy health policies,' confront us all with the common challenge of cross-fertilizing the strengths of academic traditions from both South and North. METHODS:The present paper offers a fresh perspective from the South about the relevance of progressive Latin American public health (termed 'collective health') by highlighting a number of its hard scientific contributions which, unfortunately, remain almost unknown to mainstream medical and public health researchers outside Latin America. RESULTS:An armed form of structural greed has now placed the world on the brink of destruction. At the same time, however, fresh winds blow in the continent. CONCLUSION:This paper is an invitation to confront the menacing forces producing our unhealthy societies and an opportunity to form fraternal partnerships on the intercultural road to a better world, where only an epidemiology of dignity and happiness will make sense.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Breilh Jdoi
10.1093/ije/dyn135subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
745-50issue
4eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685pii
dyn135journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis is a valuable study design for evaluating the effectiveness of population-level health interventions that have been implemented at a clearly defined point in time. It is increasingly being used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions ranging from clinical therapy to nation...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyw098
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Second-hand smoke is associated with adverse health effects. Many countries have extended smoke-free policies to public buildings and workplaces such as hospitals, but mental health units have usually been exempted from complete smoke-free bans. The objective of this study was to evaluate second-hand smoke l...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyt014
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Existing studies of the 1944-45 Dutch famine found little evidence of the association between early life malnutrition and midlife cognition. Methods:Among 2446 rural participants born between 1958 and 1963 in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we examined effects of exposure to China's 1959...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyx222
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the contribution of the reduction in major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), malignant neoplasms (MN), accidents and AIDS mortality to the gains in life expectancy observed during the decade 1985-1994, as well as to calculate and compare the potential gains due to the partial or tota...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/28.5.905
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Interventions to mitigate fuel poverty and particularly energy efficiency façade retrofitting (EEFR) have demonstrated positive impacts on health but the impacts of EEFR interventions on cold-related mortality have not been studied in depth. We evaluated the impact of EEFR interventions in Barcelona on the a...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyw335
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To assess the predictive value of biological and clinical events for progression to AIDS (1993 European classification) when the CD4+ cell count falls below 200/microL (CD4 threshold) in different exposure groups. To investigate whether such markers remain predictive independently of the serum HIV-1 RNA leve...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/27.5.897
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from seven malformation monitoring systems around the world, the feasibility of monitoring fresh dominant mutations using skeletal dysplasias was explored. Based on a total of over 9.5 million births, 1500 infants with skeletal dysplasias were identified (16 per 100,000). In spite of efforts to get exact di...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.1.107
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This article examines whether the neighbourhood environment influences intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as obesity (body mass index [BMI]), and lifestyle factors, such as no physical activity and smoking, when adjusted for the individual socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS:The st...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/28.5.841
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Violence among adolescents may have serious developmental, physical, and mental health consequences for the affected individuals. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of violent behaviour and its correlates among 15-16 year old schoolchildren in Iceland. METHODS:In 1997, a cross-sectional survey was co...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh190
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the most commonly used tool to detect infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We sought to determine whether tuberculin skin testing is useful to detect latent infection by M. tuberculosis in a population that was vaccinated with the Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine....
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyl213
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Child mortality rates have been declining in most developing countries. We studied child and maternal mortality risk factors for child mortality in Beira city in July 1993, after a decade of conflict in Mozambique. METHODS:A community-based cluster sample survey of 4609 women of childbearing age was conduct...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/25.2.349
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Childhood mortality is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. For the implementation of efficient public health systems, knowledge of the spatial distribution of mortality is required. METHODS:Data from a demographic surveillance research project were analysed which comprised information obtai...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/30.3.485
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A serological survey of 300 Israeli intravenous drug addicts in 1988-1989, showed a 2.3% prevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), very similar to the finding of a previous study (2%) performed in the same population in 1986. Travel and drug injection abroad continue to be the most significant pr...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/21.3.561
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Present understanding of increased risk of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related infectious mononucleosis among children of low birth order or small sibships is mainly based on old and indirect evidence. Societal changes and methodological limitations of previous studies call for new data. METHODS:We used data f...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyu118
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The completeness of cancer registration in the IKL (Integraal Kankercentrum Limburg) cancer registry, Limburg, the Netherlands, was evaluated for the years 1988-1990 by means of the independent case ascertainment method. This study was performed in co-operation with the Registration Network of Family Practices (RNFP) ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.3.369
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The total duration of 'ovulatory activity' or 'ovulatory age' has been reported to be the strongest indicator of the risk of ovarian cancer. In the case-control study examined in this paper this variable was found to be a strong correlate of the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the finding that in older women the majo...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/12.2.161
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of obesity has increased rapidly in most developed countries in the last decades, and this rise is now spreading to developing countries. Childhood obesity is also increasing. The UK government has set a target to halt the rise in childhood obesity by 2010. Dietary recommendations are a centra...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyl208
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality and cancer incidence were analysed in follow-up of a cohort of 3327 Vietnamese refugees who came to Britain after the end of the Vietnam war. Overall mortality of the refugees was very low compared to expectations based on England and Wales national rates: the all-cause standardized mortality ratio for males...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/20.1.13
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality was compared in the Jewish populations of Montreal and Israel and the overall Canadian population, to investigate whether the Israeli pattern of low male mortality and relatively high female mortality is replicated among Jews living elsewhere. METHODS:In Montreal, death certificates were obtained ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/24.4.730
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between cutaneous malignant melanoma and sunlamp use is examined in a Caucasian population in Connecticut, United States. METHODS:Cases were diagnosed between 15 January 1987 and 15 May 1987 with a first primary cutaneous melanoma. Controls were obtained from the general population, frequen...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/27.5.758
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To examine the association of a mismatch between educational qualifications and occupational attainment and subsequent declines in self-rated health (SRH) in a longitudinal nationally representative Canadian population sample. METHODS:This study used longitudinal data from 4045 healthy, working respondents ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyi047
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cost effective use of new vaccines against pneumococcal disease in children requires detailed information about the local epidemiology of pneumococcal infections. METHODS:Data on 393 culture-confirmed cases of invasive pneumococcal infection in children (<17 years) hospitalized in Swiss paediatric clinics w...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/ije/27.6.1101
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data from several studies indicate that children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy may be at a risk of overweight compared with children of non-smoking mothers. The size of this relation, however, is unclear, as is the age at which it becomes detectable. METHODS:Prospective data for 34 866 children enr...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyi218
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from a complex interplay between genetics and the environment. Several epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have found DNA methylation loci associated with T2D in European populations. However, data from African populations are lacking. We undertook the first EWAS for T2D a...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyy171
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The attributable risk for invasive cervical cancer in the US and Italian populations has been estimated in relation to main 'aetiological' factors (number of sexual partners, age at first intercourse, parity, oral contraceptive use and smoking) and history of Pap smear using data from two case-control studies conducte...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.3.539
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess whether the offspring of UK veterans of the first Gulf war are at increased risk of fetal death or congenital malformation. METHOD:This was a retrospective reproductive cohort study of UK Gulf war veterans and a demographically similar comparison group who were in service at the time but were not ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh049
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monks in a rural community in northern Thailand were observed to conduct anti-smoking activities. To evaluate the effects of the monks' efforts on change of people's smoking behaviour and attitudes, we conducted a survey of adults > or = 15 years of age in this village (intervention village sample) and a randomly sele...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.4.660
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of trigger factors in acute cardiovascular events has been much studied in the past few years. A recent study analysed changes in the rates of cardiac emergencies in Bavaria (Germany) during the last Football World Cup. The authors reported a 2.7-fold increase in the incidence of cardiac emergencies...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyq007
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epigenetic programming and epigenetic mechanisms driven by environmental factors are thought to play an important role in human health and ageing. Global DNA methylation has been postulated as an epigenetic marker for epidemiological studies as it is reflective of changes in gene expression linked to disease...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyr215
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) appears to be the primary aetiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). To study the distribution of HHV8, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in western Sicily, where a high incidence rate of classical KS is well documented. METHODS:A total of 970 sera of healthy human immuno...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/29.1.175
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00