Impact of energy efficiency interventions in public housing buildings on cold-related mortality: a case-crossover analysis.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Debates exist over whether health inequities are bound to rise as population health improves, due to health improving more quickly among the better off, with most analyses focused on mortality data. METHODS:We analysed 50 years of socioeconomic inequities in measured health status among US-born Black and Wh...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Krieger N,Kosheleva A,Waterman PD,Chen JT,Beckfield J,Kiang MV

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in Australia for the period 1969-78 have been analysed by place of residence, occupation and country of birth. Large variations were found among subpopulations. Throughout the period IHD mortality was lowest among professional and farming occupations and highest among...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gibberd RW,Dobson AJ,Florey CD,Leeder SR

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In Western countries mortality dropped throughout the 20th century, but over and above the long-term falling trend, the death rate has oscillated over time. It has been postulated that these short-term oscillations may be related to changes in the economy. METHODS:To ascertain if these short-term oscillatio...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tapia Granados JA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the mid 1980s European governments committed themselves to the WHO goal 'reduced inequality in health by year 2000' according to which inequality in health should be reduced by 25% by the year 2000. The study aim is to estimate the time trend in relative risk due to ischaemic heart disease (IHD) morbidity...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tüchsen F,Endahl LA

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we derive national estimates of the prevalence of children's exposure to parental smoking in West Germany. The estimates are based on a national health survey conducted in 1987 and refer to those parents living in the same household as the child. Estimated prevalences of maternal smoking range from 18.9...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Brenner H,Mielck A

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mildmay Uganda (MUg), an HIV treatment centre near Kampala, the capital of Uganda, has entered into a memorandum of understanding to collaborate with Canadian researchers at the University of Ottawa to develop their research programme and develop an observational cohort database (the MUg observational cohort). The pri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Funk A,Kanters S,Nansubuga M,Mwehire D,Featherstone A,Druyts E,Odiit M,Mills EJ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prolonged breastfeeding in developing countries is routinely recommended as a valuable and cost-effective public health measure to promote early childhood growth. However, the effects of breastfeeding beyond 12 months are unclear, with some studies showing positive, and some showing negative effects. The rol...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Onyango A,Koski KG,Tucker KL

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine educational gradients in overall and cause-specific mortality among elderly married men and women and their spouses. METHODS:Using the census-based Israel Longitudinal Mortality Study (1983-92), 13 573 married men and 6563 married women were identified who were aged 70-89 years at baseline. Cox p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jaffe DH,Eisenbach Z,Neumark YD,Manor O

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Olive oil is the main source of dietary lipids in most Mediterranean countries where mortality and incidence rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) are the lowest in Europe. Although international comparisons and mechanistic reasons support the hypothesis that a high olive oil intake may prevent CHD, limited...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fernández-Jarne E,Martínez-Losa E,Prado-Santamaría M,Brugarolas-Brufau C,Serrano-Martínez M,Martínez-González MA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The health benefits of physical activity are well established, but the overall amount of physical activity associated with cardiovascular and other health outcomes, and whether the relationships are similar in men and women and at different ages is still debated. This may be partly related to different metho...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Khaw KT,Jakes R,Bingham S,Welch A,Luben R,Day N,Wareham N

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The prediction of future obesity patterns is crucial for effective strategic planning. However, disproportionally changing body mass index (BMI) distributions pose particular challenges. Flexible modelling of the shape of BMI distributions may improve prediction performance. METHODS:We used data from repeat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Yamada G,Castillo-Salgado C,Jones-Smith JC,Moulton LH

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is usually based on trials where patients are randomized individually into two different, parallel, treatment groups. This paper concentrates on RCTs of a different design-two-period, two-treatment cross-over trials. METHODS:The characteristics of these t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Elbourne DR,Altman DG,Higgins JP,Curtin F,Worthington HV,Vail A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prospective studies of alcohol and mortality in middle-aged men almost universally find a U-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of mortality. This review demonstrates the extent to which different studies lead to different risk estimates, analyses the putative influence of abstention as ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Duffy JC

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as a potentially important co-factor for enhanced vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In previous reports, however, methodological issues (notably small sample sizes) have limited accurate evaluation of the contri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pappalardo BL

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies indicate that cancers of the salivary gland are increasing, and the factors responsible for the increase are unknown. Artefactual changes, such as shift in classifying cancers of the floor of the mouth to cancers of the salivary gland, could affect the time trend for salivary gland cancer. ME...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zheng T,Holford TR,Chen Y,Ward B,Liu W,Flannery J,Boyle P

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Associations between soy, dairy intakes and breast cancer risk are inconsistent. No studies exist with large numbers of dairy consumers and soy consumers to assess mutual confounding. METHODS:The study cohort contains 52 795 North American women, initially free of cancer, followed for 7.9 years (29.7% were ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fraser GE,Jaceldo-Siegl K,Orlich M,Mashchak A,Sirirat R,Knutsen S

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest burden of HIV in the world and a rising prevalence of cardiometabolic disease; however, the interrelationship between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiometabolic traits is not well described in SSA populations. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review and m...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Dillon DG,Gurdasani D,Riha J,Ekoru K,Asiki G,Mayanja BN,Levitt NS,Crowther NJ,Nyirenda M,Njelekela M,Ramaiya K,Nyan O,Adewole OO,Anastos K,Azzoni L,Boom WH,Compostella C,Dave JA,Dawood H,Erikstrup C,Fourie CM,Fr

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the request of the COMAC EPID committee of the Commission of the European Communities the author visited all the countries of the EEC except Luxembourg in 1983-84 in order to prepare a report on 'Upgrading in epidemiology'. The report was presented at a meeting organized by COMAC EPID in April 1984 and subsequently...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pemberton J

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unclear when in the life course do social inequalities in inflammation emerge. We examined whether the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is determined at conception, in childhood, adolescence or adulthood in 1484 participants from the population-based Cardiov...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gimeno D,Ferrie JE,Elovainio M,Pulkki-Raback L,Keltikangas-Jarvinen L,Eklund C,Hurme M,Lehtimäki T,Marniemi J,Viikari JS,Raitakari OT,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Zutphen Study data were collected on occupation, smoking habits, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, height and weight of 856 men who were 40-59 years old in 1960. Between 1960 and 1985 detailed information was collected on mortality. The effect of socioeconomic status as indicated by occupation on 25-year morta...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Duijkers TJ,Kromhout D,Spruit IP,Doornbos G

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the degree and type of changes in adolescent smoking status that occurred over an eight-year period, when the group was in grades four to six, to late adolescence and early adulthood. Where changes in smoking occurred, they were more likely to be in the direction of increased (57.7%), as compared t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pederson LL,Lefcoe NM

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present two enhancements to existing methods for visualizing vital statistics data. Data from the Human Mortality Database were used and vital statistics from England and Wales are used for illustration. The simpler of these methods involves coplotting mean age of death with its variance, and the more complex of th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Minton J,Vanderbloemen L,Dorling D

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interrupted time series designs are a valuable quasi-experimental approach for evaluating public health interventions. Interrupted time series extends a single group pre-post comparison by using multiple time points to control for underlying trends. But history bias-confounding by unexpected events occurring at the sa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Degli Esposti M,Spreckelsen T,Gasparrini A,Wiebe DJ,Bonander C,Yakubovich AR,Humphreys DK

更新日期：2021-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Aboriginal Australians experience a higher risk of diabetes than the general Australian population. In this paper, we conducted a nested case-control study to determine whether the presence of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria is associated with the development of diabetes among diabetes-free Aboriginal ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang Z,Hoy WE

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Occupational hygiene panels are increasingly being used to rate retrospective occupational exposures to chemicals in community-based studies. This study aimed to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of using such an expert panel in a brain tumour case-control study. METHODS:A panel of five exper...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Benke G,Sim M,Forbes A,Salzberg M

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Child mortality estimates in Beirut are presented for the late 1970s and the mid 1980s, and changes in socio-religious differentials of mortality across time are investigated. METHODS:Baseline information was obtained from maternity registries in Beirut in 1984 and 1991. Age of mother, number of children ev...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Deeb M,Khlat M,Courbage Y

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The association between respiratory infection and risk of heart attacks and strokes is well established. However, less evidence exists for an association between respiratory infection and venous thromboembolism (VTE). In this article, we describe the associations between respiratory infection and VTE. METHO...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Clayton TC,Gaskin M,Meade TW

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several conditions, whose timely and appropriate therapy should decrease case fatality, have been proposed as indicators of medical care quality for the National Health Service. Mortality rates for these diseases vary widely within the UK. To evaluate the contribution of varying incidence rates to these mortality diff...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bauer RL,Charlton JR

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) have been associated with healthy ageing, but their effects when adjusted for reverse causation and selection bias remain unclear. METHODS:A deficits accumulation (DA) index based on the number and severity of 51 health deficits (0-100%...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： García-Esquinas E,Ortolá R,Martínez-Gómez D,Damián J,Prina M,Rodríguez-Artalejo F,Pastor-Barriuso R

更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nicotine dependence is a significant public health problem. This study attempted to characterize the prevalence and familial aggregation of nicotine dependence in China. METHODS:In 1998, we initiated a community-based cross-sectional study among residents of the Yuexi County in Anqing, China. A total of 991...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Niu T,Chen C,Ni J,Wang B,Fang Z,Shao H,Xu X

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00