Abstract：
BACKGROUND:The association between respiratory infection and risk of heart attacks and strokes is well established. However, less evidence exists for an association between respiratory infection and venous thromboembolism (VTE). In this article, we describe the associations between respiratory infection and VTE. METHODS:All cases aged ≥18 years of first-time diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) were identified together with single-matched controls from a primary care general practice database. In addition to the matching characteristics, information was collected on other potentially important confounding factors. RESULTS:There were 457/11,557 (4.0%) DVT cases with respiratory infection in the year before the index date (73 in the preceding month) compared with 262/11,557 (2.3%) controls (24 in the preceding month). There was an increased risk of DVT in the month following infection [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.64, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.62-4.29] which persisted up to a year. There were 180/5162 (3.5%) PE cases with respiratory infection in the year before the index date compared with 94/5162 (1.8%) controls excluding those in the preceding month to avoid the possible misdiagnosis of early PE. There was an increased risk of PE in the 3 months following infection (adjusted OR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.33-4.72) which may have persisted up to a year. CONCLUSIONS:There are strong associations between recent respiratory infection and VTE. There should be less distinction between venous and arterial events in decisions about preventing or aborting infections, especially in high-risk patients.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Clayton TC,Gaskin M,Meade TWdoi
10.1093/ije/dyr012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-01 00:00:00pages
819-27issue
3eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685pii
dyr012journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:This was to describe and analyse incidence and survival data on childhood leukaemias. SAMPLE:Incident leukaemia cases aged 0-19 from the cancer registry holdings of the province of Saskatchewan for the 60-year period 1932-1991 are the subject of this descriptive report. METHODS:Age-adjusted, age-specific, h...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/24.6.1100
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A generalized least squares regression approach is proposed for the analysis of data arising from experimental studies involving cluster randomization and non-experimental studies in which the major treatment factor corresponds to a characteristic which applies at the cluster level. This approach is more flexible than...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/14.2.322
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to analyse both cross-sectional associations and how longitudinal changes in lifestyle factors from one state in 1980-1981 to another in 1988-1989 influence self-reported health status. Another aim was to estimate the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality for the changes in life...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.6.1073
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic in many rural areas of Brazil where different transmission patterns of the disease have been described. This ecological study was carried out in a municipality located in Southeast Brazil and aimed to investigate the space-temporal patterns of the disease and...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.5.982
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The long average incubation time from HIV infection to AIDS makes it difficult to estimate recent HIV transmission from AIDS incidence data. Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis can separate out the effects of age, calendar time and birth cohort to provide a clearer picture of transmission trends. METHODS:AIDS ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.6.1141
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Operational research (OR) analysis provides information and systems to support decision making. In health care there are examples of OR being used to support decisions surrounding both the organization of health services and the treatment of individual patients. However, its uptake is currently low in spite of the inc...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/24.supplement_1.s90
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The European Atherosclerosis Research Study--EARS--is a multicentre collaborative project sponsored by the European Community. Its main objective is to study, in young people, the biological expression of a paternal history of premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the relative share of heredity and environme...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/ije/23.3.465
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Complicated HIV transmission dynamics make it unclear how to design and interpret results from community-randomized controlled trials (CRCT) of interventions to prevent infection. METHODS:Mathematical modelling was used to investigate the effectiveness of interventions to prevent HIV transmission aimed at h...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dym232
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:It is known that perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate have the property of inhibiting sodium iodide symporter. Animal studies have suggested that these compounds, especially perchlorate, might also interfere with insulin secretion. However, the association between their exposure and diabetes risk is largely ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyx188
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest burden of HIV in the world and a rising prevalence of cardiometabolic disease; however, the interrelationship between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiometabolic traits is not well described in SSA populations. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review and m...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1093/ije/dyt198
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the major identified risk factors for breast cancer was assessed using data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Northern Italy on 1108 women with histologically confirmed breast cancer and 1281 control subjects with a spectrum of acute conditions unrelated to any of the established or pot...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/16.3.347
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the absence of planned efforts to target the poor, child survival programs often favour the rich. Further evidence is needed urgently about which interventions and programme approaches are most effective in addressing inequities. The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) is available and can be used to model mortality ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyq034
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the reduction in childhood mortality after immunization can be explained by the prevention of measles and its long-term effects. METHODS:and Data We re-analysed an existing data set from Matlab, Bangladesh. During 1982-1985, measles immunization was used from 9 months of age in half of the...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyg005
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A community survey was conducted in 1989 in Conakry, Guinea to determine reasons for low vaccination coverage. Some 377 children aged 12-23 months and their guardians were studied, of whom 204 (54%) had vaccination records. According to their records 19% of children were fully and correctly vaccinated. Thirty-nine inc...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/20.4.1099
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Child mortality estimates in Beirut are presented for the late 1970s and the mid 1980s, and changes in socio-religious differentials of mortality across time are investigated. METHODS:Baseline information was obtained from maternity registries in Beirut in 1984 and 1991. Age of mother, number of children ev...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.1.110
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To describe the seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children under 3 years. METHODS:A cohort of children under 36 months, residing in Abu Homos, Egypt, were visited at home twice weekly. Information regarding the child's breastfeeding status was obtained, and period...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/29.5.928
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One task faced by public health surveillance practitioners is the timely identification of data patterns that might suggest the onset of an epidemic period. Many available techniques for analysis of surveillance data are based on sequential procedures, which predict expected numbers of cases and compare this estimate ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/23.2.408
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The completeness of cancer registration in the IKL (Integraal Kankercentrum Limburg) cancer registry, Limburg, the Netherlands, was evaluated for the years 1988-1990 by means of the independent case ascertainment method. This study was performed in co-operation with the Registration Network of Family Practices (RNFP) ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.3.369
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiological inferences about the aetiology of a disease can often be made from its seasonal patterns. However, due to its multifactorial nature, the seasonality component can be obscured by other factors. It is therefore important to develop statistical techniques which are sensitive to minute temporal c...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/25.2.426
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selection bias remains a more difficult bias to understand than confounding or measurement error. Past definitions have not always been illuminating and a simple method (such as the change-in-estimate method for confounding) has not been available to determine its presence and magnitude in the study sample. A better u...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyy138
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exercise can suppress androgen production and may thus decrease the risk of prostate cancer. However, findings from epidemiological studies assessing physical activity and risk of prostate cancer are inconsistent. METHODS:We prospectively examined the association between physical activity and prostate cance...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/29.1.29
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the Region of Rijeka, Croatia, a combined vaccination programme against rubella has been carried out since 1976, so that children of both sexes are vaccinated at age 15 months and all girls at the age of 14 (8th grade of primary school). This vaccination programme has been carried out unchanged up till now. In 1989...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/24.2.453
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This prospective study was performed in order to investigate the effect of baseline body mass index (BMI), BMI changes, baseline alcohol consumption, and changes in alcohol consumption on liver enzyme activity. METHODS:This study population consisted of 6846 male workers in a steel manufacturing company who...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/30.4.766
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using data from seven malformation monitoring systems around the world, the feasibility of monitoring fresh dominant mutations using skeletal dysplasias was explored. Based on a total of over 9.5 million births, 1500 infants with skeletal dysplasias were identified (16 per 100,000). In spite of efforts to get exact di...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.1.107
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To determine the presence of interaction in epidemiologic research, typically a product term is added to the regression model. In linear regression, the regression coefficient of the product term reflects interaction as departure from additivity. However, in logistic regression it refers to interaction as de...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dym157
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased brain tumour risk after head trauma suggested by case reports and clinical series has been previously studied epidemiologically with mixed results. An international multicentre case-control study investigated the role of head trauma from injury or sports participation in adult brain tumour risk. M...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/ije/27.4.579
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proportional relationships of the four numbers in a 2 x 2 table can be displayed using two types of box graphs. In one approach, a 'unitary square' is first divided according to the denominator proportions of the two groups formed in a cohort or case-control study, and then re-divided according to the numerator pr...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/17.1.222
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Birth-cohort analysis is of particular importance for gastric cancer since migrant studies have indicated that early life experiences play a dominant role in the occurrence of the disease. However, none of the birth-cohort analyses conducted in various countries have provided information on variation in the birth-coho...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/23.2.252
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as a potentially important co-factor for enhanced vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In previous reports, however, methodological issues (notably small sample sizes) have limited accurate evaluation of the contri...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1093/ije/dyg107
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In many countries, little is known about adult mortality rates. New innovations are necessary to develop reasonable estimates from available information. One readily available resource is household survey data. While birth histories collected in surveys have produced reasonable estimates of child mortality, ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/ije/dyh099
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
