Abstract:
BACKGROUND:So far, no randomized controlled trials with a mean mammographic screening interval of > or = 2 years has demonstrated statistically significant mortality reduction for women younger than age 50. The issue of screening frequency is vital in detection of primary breast cancer. METHODS:The study group consisted of cancers diagnosed in women who participated in a serial screening programme with a mean screening interval of 2 years. To study the effectiveness of the screening, a comparison is made between the distribution of age at which the tumour could be detected when biennial mammographic screening is the only detection method, and the distribution of age at which the tumour would be detected by either biennial mammographic screening or the development of symptoms. Some recently developed statistic methods, such as bootstrap, the maximum likelihood distribution estimator for doubly censored data and the EM algorithm, are used in estimation of these distributions. RESULTS:The hypothesis tests and confidence intervals show that the difference between the two distributions was statistically significant for women younger than 50 and 50-70 years old, but not for women over 70 years. CONCLUSIONS:The statistical analysis indicates that for women younger than 50, and 50-70 years of age, a screening mammogram every other year is not frequent enough to detect primary breast cancer, but for women over 70 years, it might be sufficient.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Ren JJ,Peer PGdoi
10.1093/ije/29.5.803keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-10-01 00:00:00pages
803-6issue
5eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Lower maternal serum vitamin B12 (B12) and folate levels have been associated with lower offspring birthweight, in observational studies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this relationship is causal. METHODS:We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using summary data on associati...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
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更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
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更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
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