Variation in worldwide incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a meta-analysis.

abstract：:The effect of misclassification by one-, two-, or seven-day food records on the apparent magnitude of results was quantified for two hypothetical models of association of diet with disease. For each of 106 women, classification to quintiles of intake was calculated from 37 to 72 one-day records and compared to classif...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Freudenheim JL,Johnson NE,Wardrop RL

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A growing body of literature suggests that physical activity may be a protective factor against hip fracture. METHODS:To study the association between hip fracture risk and recreational physical activity at various ages, changes in activity during adult life, occupational physical activity and how risks var...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Farahmand BY,Persson PG,Michaëlsson K,Baron JA,Alberts A,Moradi T,Ljunghall S

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The substantial disease burden attributed to heat waves, and their increasing frequency and intensity due to climate change, highlight the importance of understanding the health consequences of heat waves. We explore the mortality risk due to heat wave characteristics, including the timing in the seasons, th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sun Z,Chen C,Yan M,Shi W,Wang J,Ban J,Sun Q,He MZ,Li T

更新日期：2021-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of rotavirus in non-bacterial gastroenteritis in Kuwait was investigated. Employing electronmicroscopy (EM) and enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbent-assay (ELISA) techniques, the virus was detected in the stools of 42 of 274 (15.3%) infants with the disease. A statistically significant association (P less than 0.05) ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Al-Nakib W,Chrystie IL,Banatvala JE,Al-Sayegh F

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper argues that the perspective of economics is valuable in assessing the desirability, purpose and effectiveness of public intervention to reduce occupational accidents and diseases and suggests that the concept of efficiency provides one (although not the only) important criterion by which to judge policy in ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Henderson J

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between poverty, birthweight, and infant weight gain in Hertfordshire, 1923-1939. DESIGN:Cohort study based on the Hertfordshire Health Visitors' Register (HHVR). SETTING:The population of Hertfordshire, and a sub-sample of five Hertfordshire towns-Hoddesdon, Berkhampstead, He...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Razzell P,Spence C,Vines K

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aetiology confronts two distinct issues: the determinants of individual cases, and the determinants of incidence rate. If exposure to a necessary agent is homogeneous within a population, then case/control and cohort methods will fail to detect it: they will only identify markers of susceptibility. The corresponding s...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Rose G

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seemingly contradictory data support controversies concerning the relationships between food intake and illnesses. The present study of 1035 adults, aged 30-39 years, shows that (1) daily energy intake is not higher in obese than in non-obese people, (2) obesity is more prevalent in social groups where energy intake i...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Rolland-Cachera MF,Bellisle F,Tichet J,Chantrel AM,Guilloud-Bataille M,Vol S,Pequignot G

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes a means of analysing the effects that the benefit of early treatment, lead time and length-biased sampling (and other forms of prognostic selection bias) have on the mortality rate of cases detected in screening programmes. Both benefit and lead time reduce the mortality rate of screen-detected ca...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Morrison AS

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the extreme differences in the incidence of lung cancer between black and white Americans of each sex, little information is available on the sex-race-specific lung cancer risk due to tobacco use. In the current study, case-control data were examined for sex-race differences in the lung cancer risk associated ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Harris RE,Zang EA,Anderson JI,Wynder EL

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has more than halved in England since the 1980s, but there are few data on small-area trends. We estimated CVD mortality by ward in 5-year intervals between 1982 and 2006, and examined trends in relation to starting mortality, region and community deprivation. METHODS:...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Asaria P,Fortunato L,Fecht D,Tzoulaki I,Abellan JJ,Hambly P,de Hoogh K,Ezzati M,Elliott P

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Results from some retrospective studies suggest a possible increased risk of glioma and acoustic neuroma in users of mobile phones. METHODS:The relation between mobile phone use and incidence of intracranial central nervous system (CNS) tumours and other cancers was examined in 791,710 middle-aged women in ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Benson VS,Pirie K,Schüz J,Reeves GK,Beral V,Green J,Million Women Study Collaborators.

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper discusses the application of Popper's philosophy to epidemiological research, examining in particular the problems of replication without risk of refutation, of mistaking statistical sophistication for deductive inference, and of dealing with causality at a general level. An example is given of a Popperian ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Buck C

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Operational research (OR) analysis provides information and systems to support decision making. In health care there are examples of OR being used to support decisions surrounding both the organization of health services and the treatment of individual patients. However, its uptake is currently low in spite of the inc...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Beech R

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-income countries are experiencing an obesity epidemic that follows a socioeconomic gradient, affecting groups of lower socioeconomic status disproportionately. Recent clinical findings have suggested new perspectives for the prevention and treatment of obesity, using personalized dietary approaches. Precision nut...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chatelan A,Bochud M,Frohlich KL

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is well established now that the incidence of schizophrenia is extremely high for several ethnic minority groups in western Europe, but there is considerable variation among groups. We investigated whether the increased risk among these groups depends upon the degree to which they perceive discrimination ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Veling W,Selten JP,Susser E,Laan W,Mackenbach JP,Hoek HW

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis is a valuable study design for evaluating the effectiveness of population-level health interventions that have been implemented at a clearly defined point in time. It is increasingly being used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions ranging from clinical therapy to nation...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bernal JL,Cummins S,Gasparrini A

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are several existing systematic reviews of prevalence of dementia for mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, but several studies have been newly reported. The aim of this study is to update prevalence data in this region and test for variation across geographical areas and time periods using the new dat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wu YT,Ali GC,Guerchet M,Prina AM,Chan KY,Prince M,Brayne C

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Zutphen Study data were collected on occupation, smoking habits, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, height and weight of 856 men who were 40-59 years old in 1960. Between 1960 and 1985 detailed information was collected on mortality. The effect of socioeconomic status as indicated by occupation on 25-year morta...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Duijkers TJ,Kromhout D,Spruit IP,Doornbos G

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Debates exist over whether health inequities are bound to rise as population health improves, due to health improving more quickly among the better off, with most analyses focused on mortality data. METHODS:We analysed 50 years of socioeconomic inequities in measured health status among US-born Black and Wh...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Krieger N,Kosheleva A,Waterman PD,Chen JT,Beckfield J,Kiang MV

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased mortality is associated with both very low and very high ambient temperatures. This study assesses the relationship between daily numbers of deaths and variations in ambient temperature within the city of Valencia. METHODS:The daily number of deaths from all causes (total deaths and only those occ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ballester F,Corella D,Pérez-Hoyos S,Sáez M,Hervás A

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Educational attainment is associated with many life outcomes, including income, occupation and many health and lifestyle variables. Many researchers use it as a control variable in epidemiological and other social scientific studies, often without specifying exactly what environmental effects or set of perso...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Deary IJ,Johnson W

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of drug use, and how morbidity, use of health services, self-evaluated health, demographic pattern and lifestyle characteristics influence drug use in a general population. METHODS:The study was carried out in the municipality of Tromsø, Norway. A sample...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Eggen AE

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite abundant evidence that lower education is associated with a higher risk of smoking, whether the association is causal has not been convincingly established. METHODS:We investigated the association between education and lifetime smoking patterns in a birth cohort established in 1959 and followed thro...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gilman SE,Martin LT,Abrams DB,Kawachi I,Kubzansky L,Loucks EB,Rende R,Rudd R,Buka SL

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:John Snow was a genius in epidemiology. His achievement was to evolve an elegant, internally and externally consistent theory which concerned the mechanisms and processes involved in every aspect of the subject he had chosen to study. In order to do this he did not restrict himself to any method. He used all skills av...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cameron D,Jones IG

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using routinely collected maternity discharge data from 250,000 women in Scotland, we examined the risks of late spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery during the period 20 up to 36 weeks of gestation. Gestational age is treated as a fetal survival time and the risks of delivery associated with a history of spontan...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pickering RM,Deeks JJ

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Child mortality rates have been declining in most developing countries. We studied child and maternal mortality risk factors for child mortality in Beira city in July 1993, after a decade of conflict in Mozambique. METHODS:A community-based cluster sample survey of 4609 women of childbearing age was conduct...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cutts FT,Dos Santos C,Novoa A,David P,Macassa G,Soares AC

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study of the effects of combined oral contraceptives (OC) on coagulation and fibrinolytic variables using standardized laboratory technique and methodology has been performed in Dublin (Ireland), Salvador (Brazil), Santiago (Chile) and Singapore. Of 777 entrants to the study, 622 were randomly allocated ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Leck I,Thomson JM,Bocaz JA,Barja P,Bonnar J,Daly L,Carrol A,Coutinho E,Goncalves M,Tsakok M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study of risk factors for child diarrhoeal disease was undertaken in a rural area of Nicaragua. Some 1229 children under the age of five were matched with an equal number of children of the same age presenting with other illnesses unrelated to water and sanitation. The main types of water supply were sa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gorter AC,Sandiford P,Smith GD,Pauw JP

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An analysis is made of the association between density factors and the profile of cause specific death rates in small areas (Bezirke) of Hannover, Germany, in 1968-69. Evaluation of urban ecological methods and logic is done to determine the plausibility of making meaningful statements about cause specific death risks...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Myers GC,Manton KG

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00