Transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Ethiopia with emphasis on the importance of vertical transmission.

abstract：:In tropical Africa, parasitic and infective diseases remain the predominant causes of mortality and morbidity, and health and epidemiological services are poorly developed. Experience elsewhere has shown the value of surveillance in the control of communicable diseases and this paper contains a brief review of the use...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lucas AO

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-year prospective study of Hawaii Japanese males with partial gastrectomy shows that the age-adjusted mortality rates in men with partial gastrectomy were slightly higher than in those with an intact stomach, but the difference failed to achieve statistical significance. This excess of mortality is due, in part, t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Stemmermann GN,Heilbrun L,Nomura A,Rhoads GG,Glober GA

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most HIV infections originate from individuals who are undiagnosed and unaware of their infection. Estimation of this quantity from surveillance data is hard because there is incomplete knowledge about (i) the time between infection and diagnosis (TI) for the general population, and (ii) the time between imm...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Giardina F,Romero-Severson EO,Axelsson M,Svedhem V,Leitner T,Britton T,Albert J

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This was to describe and analyse incidence and survival data on childhood leukaemias. SAMPLE:Incident leukaemia cases aged 0-19 from the cancer registry holdings of the province of Saskatchewan for the 60-year period 1932-1991 are the subject of this descriptive report. METHODS:Age-adjusted, age-specific, h...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang PP,Haines CS

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest burden of HIV in the world and a rising prevalence of cardiometabolic disease; however, the interrelationship between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiometabolic traits is not well described in SSA populations. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review and m...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Dillon DG,Gurdasani D,Riha J,Ekoru K,Asiki G,Mayanja BN,Levitt NS,Crowther NJ,Nyirenda M,Njelekela M,Ramaiya K,Nyan O,Adewole OO,Anastos K,Azzoni L,Boom WH,Compostella C,Dave JA,Dawood H,Erikstrup C,Fourie CM,Fr

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease risk factor and mortality data collected since the 1978 Conference on the Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality were reviewed. Risk factor and disease trends were generally parallel and compatible with current hypotheses of cause and prevention. A few discrepancies between risk factors and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Blackburn H

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The EURODEM re-analyses of 11 case-control studies of Alzheimer's disease imply that familial aggregation of dementia, Down's syndrome, and parkinsonism occurs more frequently in Alzheimer's disease than in matched controls. Prior history of head trauma, hypothyroidism, and depression also occurs in higher frequency a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kokmen E

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：MOTIVATION:RVPedigree (Rare Variant association tests in Pedigrees) implements a suite of programs facilitating genome-wide analysis of association between a quantitative trait and autosomal region-based genetic variation. The main features here are the ability to appropriately test for association of rare variants wit...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Oualkacha K,Lakhal-Chaieb L,Greenwood CM

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Extended breastfeeding is known to benefit the health of children in developing countries and despite widespread expectations of a decline in breastfeeding in these countries, it has been demonstrated that the incidence and duration of breastfeeding are in fact increasing many countries. METHODS:In this pap...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Grummer-Strawn LM

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To examine whether induced abortion increases the risk of low birthweight in subsequent singleton live births. METHODS:Cohort study using the Danish Medical Birth Registry (MBR), the Hospital Discharge Registry (HDR), and the Induced Abortion Registry (IAR). All women who had their first pregnancy during 19...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhou W,Sørensen HT,Olsen J

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are few epidemiological data in the scientific literature about the carpal tunnel syndrome. This paper describes the characteristics of the 154 women referred to hospital for management of this condition among the 17,032 taking part in the Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study. Standardized firs...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Vessey MP,Villard-Mackintosh L,Yeates D

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:An increasing number of original studies suggest that exposure to shift work could be associated with the risk of overweight and obesity, but the results remain conflicted and inconclusive. This study aimed to quantitatively synthesize available epidemiological evidence on the association between shift work ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu Q,Shi J,Duan P,Liu B,Li T,Wang C,Li H,Yang T,Gan Y,Wang X,Cao S,Lu Z

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we examine the effects on life expectancy of elimination of 4 major causes of death. Methodologically, we compare the results of cause elimination under assumptions of pattern of failure elimination and assumptions of underlying cause elimination in a modified multiple-decrement life table framework for ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Manton KG,Patrick CH,Stallard E

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A community survey was conducted in 1989 in Conakry, Guinea to determine reasons for low vaccination coverage. Some 377 children aged 12-23 months and their guardians were studied, of whom 204 (54%) had vaccination records. According to their records 19% of children were fully and correctly vaccinated. Thirty-nine inc...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cutts FT,Diallo S,Zell ER,Rhodes P

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spot checks are becoming a popular method to assess hygiene behaviours; however, little is known about their repeatability or predictability. We evaluated the within-household repeatability of hygiene indices created from spot checks and their ability to predict incidence of diarrhoea in young Guatemalan chi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Webb AL,Stein AD,Ramakrishnan U,Hertzberg VS,Urizar M,Martorell R

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In a pilot study for the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) a modification of the Baecke questionnaire on physical activity was tested for repeatability and relative validity in a population of 134 men and women aged 20-70 years. METHODS:For the assessment of repeatability P...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pols MA,Peeters PH,Bueno-De-Mesquita HB,Ocké MC,Wentink CA,Kemper HC,Collette HJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic in many rural areas of Brazil where different transmission patterns of the disease have been described. This ecological study was carried out in a municipality located in Southeast Brazil and aimed to investigate the space-temporal patterns of the disease and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Machado-Coelho GL,Assunção R,Mayrink W,Caiaffa WT

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Shahroud Eye Cohort Study was set up to determine the prevalence and incidence of visual impairment and major eye conditions in the 40-64-year-old population of Shahroud as a Middle Eastern population. The first phase of the study was conducted in 2009-10. Using random cluster sampling, 6311 Shahroud inhabitants w...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fotouhi A,Hashemi H,Shariati M,Emamian MH,Yazdani K,Jafarzadehpur E,Koohian H,Khademi MR,Hodjatjalali K,Kheirkhah A,Chaman R,Malihi S,Mirzaii M,Khabazkhoob M

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine whether chlorination of drinking water was associated with cancer of the digestive or other organs, an ecological epidemiological study using nationwide incidence data from the Cancer Registry of Norway was carried out. On two geographical levels (counties and municipalities), both for men and women, chlori...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Flaten TP

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study gives results for comparisons between dietary history interviews repeated at short-term (4-8 months) and long-term (4-7 years) intervals in conjunction with the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey. Interviews surveying the whole range of consumable foods over the preceding year were completed in...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Järvinen R,Seppänen R,Knekt P

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in midlife could improve early identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Also, AD is highly heritable, but the heritability of MCI has not been established. We estimated prevalence rates, association with premorbid general cognitive ability (GCA) and heritability...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kremen WS,Jak AJ,Panizzon MS,Spoon KM,Franz CE,Thompson WK,Jacobson KC,Vasilopoulos T,Vuoksimaa E,Xian H,Toomey R,Lyons MJ

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983 and 1984, surveys were conducted in four Chinese population samples, urban and rural for both Beijing and Guangzhou, as part of PRC-USA collaborative research in cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary epidemiology. Serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured in 4280 ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tao S,Li Y,Xiao Z,Cen R,Zhang H,Zhuo Y,Zhou B,Chen P,Li Y,Liao Y

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine educational gradients in overall and cause-specific mortality among elderly married men and women and their spouses. METHODS:Using the census-based Israel Longitudinal Mortality Study (1983-92), 13 573 married men and 6563 married women were identified who were aged 70-89 years at baseline. Cox p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jaffe DH,Eisenbach Z,Neumark YD,Manor O

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Predictions concerning people and their health are influenced by many factors and have many sources of uncertainty. Even so predictions can give useful guidelines for health care planning. We present a Bayesian model based on past observations and prior knowledge to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) morta...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Huovinen E,Härkänen T,Martelin T,Koskinen S,Aromaa A

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In epidemiological studies researchers often depend on proxies to obtain information when primary subjects are unavailable. However, relatively few studies have performed formal statistical inference to assess agreement among proxy informants and primary study subjects. In this paper, we consider inference p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bartfay E,Donner A

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Smoking during pregnancy has been shown to increase the risks of several adverse birth outcomes. Associations with overweight and/or obesity in the offspring have also been suggested. We aim to investigate whether familial factors confound the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and overwei...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Iliadou AN,Koupil I,Villamor E,Altman D,Hultman C,Långström N,Cnattingius S

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study investigated whether patients with a history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are at increased risk of developing psoriasis. METHODS:We enrolled 66 274 patients with HPV infection between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, and compared them with cont...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen ML,Kao WM,Huang JY,Hung YM,Wei JC

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper argues that the perspective of economics is valuable in assessing the desirability, purpose and effectiveness of public intervention to reduce occupational accidents and diseases and suggests that the concept of efficiency provides one (although not the only) important criterion by which to judge policy in ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Henderson J

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Knowing the starting date of the BSE epidemic and its size at the very beginning is crucial to interpret the timing of the nvCJD cases and to forecast the nvCJD epidemic. The first cases occurred in 1985. The models devised by Anderson (back-calculation) and Dealler (age-period-cohort) led to an estimate of ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cohen CH,Valleron AJ

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:An analysis of the associations between dietary and non-dietary variables and serum total cholesterol (Total-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was performed using data from the Scottish Heart Health Study--a cross-sectional survey of men (n = 5123) and women (n = 5236), aged 40-59. Subjects...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bolton-Smith C,Woodward M,Smith WC,Tunstall-Pedoe H

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00