Abstract:
:For the past 10 years we have focused on the development of antisense treatments against viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). We have demonstrated that phosphorothioate oligomers have in vitro anti-HIV activities and in vivo anti-HBV activity. In vitro anti-HIV activities of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (S-oligo) were classified into sequence non-specific (non-antisense) and sequence specific (antisense). We found that toxicity of S-oligo could be also classified into the same 2 categories. Since some of non-specific toxicity is dependent on experimental conditions, in each experiment, we should pay attention to minimize non-specific toxicity of the oligomers.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Matsukura M,Koike K,Zon Gdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(95)03574-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-01 00:00:00pages
435-8eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(95)03574-5journal_volume
82-83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Dioxins are metabolized by cytochrome P450, family 1 (CYP1) via the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). We determined whether different blood dioxin concentrations are associated with polymorphisms in AHR (dbSNP ID: rs2066853), AHR repressor (AHRR; rs2292596), CYP1 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1; rs4646903 and rs1...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.013
更新日期:2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary administration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP; 2%) to male rats caused testicular atrophy. Serum non-esterified fatty acid increased while cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid decreased in treated rats. Testicular concentration of cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acid increased in DEHP-treated ra...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90011-0
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::As information regarding microarray data sets and toxicogenomic biomarkers grows rapidly, the process of analyzing data and interpreting the results is increasingly complicated. To facilitate data analysis, a simple expression ratio-based scoring method called the TGP1 score was previously proposed [Kiyosawa, N., Shiw...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.03.011
更新日期:2009-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::A number of studies have demonstrated that co-exposure to low levels of melamine and cyanuric acid elicits renal toxicity due to the formation of melamine cyanurate crystals in the kidney nephrons. In this work, we investigated if co-exposure of rats to these compounds leads to alterations in the expression of the gen...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.07.009
更新日期:2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental toxin that induces apoptosis of neurons and a pro-inflammatory response in microglial cells. First, we found that TCDD induced proliferation of HAPI microglial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis showed that this proliferati...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.003
更新日期:2014-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::The Pseudonaja genus (Brown snakes) is widely distributed across Australia and bites account for significant mortality. Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) and, less often, early cardiovascular collapse occur following envenoming by these snakes. We have previously examined possible mechanism(s) behind the e...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.06.235
更新日期:2013-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Impairment in cholinergic systems is a highly consistent finding in human dementia. Among cholinergic markers, marked decreases in nicotine binding have been most consistently observed in the telencephalic regions of demented patients and are thought to contribute to the cognitive deficits associated with ageing and a...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00502-1
更新日期:2002-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Dimethocaine (DMC), a synthetic derivative of cocaine, is distributed and consumed as "new psychoactive substance" (NPS) without any safety testing at the forefront. It is mainly metabolized by N-acetylation, N-deethylation or hydroxylation. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to determine the human NAT and ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.033
更新日期:2014-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum phosphide (AlP), a widely used fumigant and rodenticide leads to high mortality if ingested. Its toxicity is due to phosphine liberated when it comes in contact with moisture. The exact mechanism of action of phosphine is not known. In this study male Wistar rats were used. The animals received a single dose ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.09.020
更新日期:2012-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumotoxicity and lethality resulting from administration of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) and its 2 major metabolites in rats were compared. Following i.p. injection, MMT was found to have an LD50 value of 12.1 mg/kg. Neither of the metabolites appeared to have significant acute toxicity even wh...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90250-5
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the effect of subchronic methidathion (MD) administration on vascular wall damage. The experimental groups were: control group and rats treated with 5 mg/kg MD. The MD group was given MD by gavage for 5 days a week for 4 weeks at a dose level of 5 mg/kg per day by using corn oil as the vehicle. The le...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.08.012
更新日期:2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Activity of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D were studied in brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerves of rats at 24 h or 10 days after daily i.p. administration of 50 mg/kg acrylamide. The activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D in brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerves remained unaffected on single exposure bu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90068-7
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Samples of PM(2.5) were gravimetrically collected during the winter 2005/2006 in the urban area of Milan (North Italy). Samples were chemically characterized and the particles were detached from filters to determine their cytotoxic effects on the A549 cell line. Based on the potential toxicological relevance of its co...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.03.003
更新日期:2009-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::The necessity to protect humans from the adverse effects of chemicals on structure and function of the developing and/or mature nervous system is increasingly recognized among regulatory bodies throughout the world. Whereas structural changes dominated much of neurotoxicological research in the past, functional marker...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90195-p
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paraquat is a widely used herbicide which has been involved in many accidental and intentional deaths. Nephrotoxicity is common in severe acute paraquat poisoning. We examined seven renal injury biomarkers, including cystatin-C, kidney injury molecule-1, β2-microglobulin, clusterin, albumin, neutrophil gelatinase-asso...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.08.003
更新日期:2013-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::In humans organophosphorothionate pesticides (OPT) prenatal exposure has been demonstrated. Since OPT-induced neurodevelopmental effects may be due to in situ bioactivation by foetal enzymes, the catalytic activity of the foetal CYP3A7 toward chlorpyrifos (CPF), parathion (PAR), malathion (MAL) and fenthion (FEN) has ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.10.006
更新日期:2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental toxicant, while mercuric sulfide (HgS) is a main active component of cinnabar, a Chinese mineral medicine used as a sedative. Because the neurotoxicological effects of HgS were not clearly understood, in this study, we attempted to compare HgS with MeHg in various physiological...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.12.006
更新日期:2007-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in growth control of tissues. It is considered as a cellular suicide functionally opposite to mitosis. It may serve to remove "unwanted" damaged or dangerous, e.g. precancerous, cells. Chemical compounds can interfere with the regulatory network which controls apop...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90233-a
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methoxetamine is one of the constantly growing group of novel psychoactive substances that has emerged in recent years. The compound belongs to the arylcyclohexylamine class, which is used for its recreational and psychedelic effects. Methoxetamine is a structural analogue of ketamine, with a much longer duration of a...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.08.011
更新日期:2014-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of genetic polymorphisms responsible for reduced DNA repair capacity may allow better cancer prevention. We examined whether variations in genes involved in base-excision (hOGG1, XRCC1) and double strand break (XRCC3) DNA repair contribute to inter-individual differences in genotoxic effects induced in ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.12.002
更新日期:2005-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015
更新日期:2019-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated hepatocytes form thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactants, a parameter of lipid peroxidation (LPO), when exposed to cadmium (Cd). Paracetamol (Para) inhibits this response, dependent on time and concentration. Cd-induced SH-group decline, however, and enhanced plasma membrane permeability to Trypan Blue (TB) were ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90210-2
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TMDT) is a synthetic neurotoxic rodenticide and potential chemical threat agent. Signs of TMDT poisoning include convulsions which can progress into status epilepticus and death. Although clinical reports clearly show that poisoning via food and drink is the main route of exposure, expe...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.03.014
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::E-64d (a calpain and autophagy inhibitor) has previously been shown safe for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in humans. In the present study, the potential protective mechanism of E-64d on hippocampal aberrant mossy fiber sprouting was examined in a developmental rat model of penicillin-induced recurrent epilepti...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.010
更新日期:2013-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, is reported to have inducing activity of hepatic metallothionein (MT) which responsible for the detoxification of heavy metals; however, the mechanism underlying its effects is poorly understood. To further determine the underlying mechanism of UA, this study investiga...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.11.002
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-androgenic chemicals alter sexual differentiation by a variety of mechanisms, and the mechanisms between phthalate esters and p,p'-DDE are considered to be different. We performed an in utero through lactational exposure assay using dicyclohexyl phthalate and p,p'-DDE to investigate the sexual differentiation of ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.023
更新日期:2009-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Male Swiss OF1 mice received a single oral dose of either 80 mg/kg hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) or 40 mg/kg methyl mercury (MeHg). Examination of cryostat kidney sections stained for alkaline phosphatase (APP) revealed damage to about 50% of the proximal tubules after 8 h. Treatment with the organic anion transport...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90184-1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious adverse effect of radiotherapy for thoracic tumor, which is believed to be a process that is tightly regulated by the phenotype of the developing Th response after radiation. Here, we will investigate whether CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) prevent radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis b...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.009
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiological studies in the United States and in Europe indicate, that the coarse fraction (PM-10) of airborne particulates, smaller than 10 microm and particularly the fine fraction (PM-2.5) smaller than 2.5 microm are responsible for adverse health effects, causing an increasing morbidity and mortality. Fu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00075-7
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxicity in terms of haemolytic potency in vitro of eight surfactants failed to correlate with in vivo rabbit eye irritancy. Ability of the same surfactants to block spontaneous contractions of mouse and rabbit isolated ileum (especially the latter), correlated better with in vivo findings in rabbit eyes. Effectiv...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90062-0
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00