Abstract：
:A variety of chemical agents were evaluated to determine their effects on fluorescence polarization immunoassays for drugs of abuse. Sixteen different agents, at concentrations up to 10%, were tested against urine assays for cannabinoids, cocaine (metabolite), amphetamines, opiates, phencyclidine (PCP), and barbiturates. The potential to cause both false positive and false negative results was evaluated, and assays were performed one and seven days after sample adulteration to simulate different collection/testing formats. All six drug assays were susceptible to one or more adulterating agents, but the degree varied considerably between assays. The cannabinoid assay was most susceptible to adulterant-induced false negative results, and the barbiturate assay was most susceptible to false positive results. The remaining assays demonstrated relatively few, but characteristic effects, some of which were attributable to drug degradation and others to assay interference. Although the results of pH measurement on adulterated samples verified its utility in identifying some samples adulterated with interfering agents, other adulterants that cause substantial effects would not be identified by pH measurements alone.
journal_name
J Anal Toxicoljournal_title
Journal of analytical toxicologyauthors
Schwarzhoff R,Cody JTdoi
10.1093/jat/17.1.14subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
14-7issue
1eissn
0146-4760issn
1945-2403journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in whole blo...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/32.5.349
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolintane is a sympathomimetic amine with pharmacologic properties similar to d-amphetamine. Side effects include insomnia, nervousness, and irritability. Overdoses of prolintane may cause hallucinations, psychosis, and death. The drug is commonly prescribed in Africa, Australia, and Europe but is not available in th...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/31.7.415
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Positive benzoylecgonine (BZE) urinalysis results are sometimes challenged in legal and administrative proceedings on the grounds that the presence of BZE is due to the addition of cocaine to the urine sample with subsequent in vitro hydrolysis to BZE. Consequently, counsel for the respondent or defendant may move tha...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/24.7.482
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A relatively simple procedure for the determination of carboxyhemoglobin percent saturation in postmortem samples is described. The procedure involves a quick and accurate method for calibration of the gas chromatograph to carbon monoxide. The mixed gases are extracted from blood prior to introduction into the gas chr...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/4.4.181
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Separating drugs which are both polar and basic has long been difficult because of the limited operating pH range of conventional HPLC columns. This paper describes a liquid chromatographic method capable of being used with either diode-array or mass spectrometric detection for the identification and quantitation of 1...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/27.1.30
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About 22,000 samples of oral fluid have been collected in five population studies in Norway using either the Intercept or Statsure oral fluid sampling devices. The prevalence of alcohol and drugs was found to be higher in oral fluid samples with small volumes than in those with large volumes for both sampling devices;...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/34.7.416
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to achieve accurate quantitation of drugs and metabolites (analytes) in complex matrices, 2H- (and less commonly 13C-) labeled analogues of the analytes are now routinely adapted as the internal standards (IS) using linear calibration models to fit data generated by selected ion monitoring gas chromatography-...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/25.3.179
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quantity of thiocyanate ion in vegetables has been determined due to its relationship with endemic goiter. The technique is based on the use of gas chromatography with electron capture detection (ECD), which provides good sensitivities. ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/12.6.307
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The content, chemical form, and distribution of mercury and selenium in edible tissue were determined for several samples of fish and other marine animal organisms (mollusks, crustaceans and pods). For most fish samples, except Pacific blue marlin, 53 to 94% of the total mercury content was present as methylmercury, b...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/6.1.10
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gas chromatographic-chemical ionization mass spectrometric (GC-CIMS) method is described for the determination of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and norcocaine. The procedure uses stable isotopes as internal standards and a mixture of methane-ammonia as chemical ionization reagent gas. Run-to-run and within-run coefficie...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/4.1.37
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe an assay for measuring cocaine and benzoylecgonine in meconium of infants born to mothers suspected of using cocaine during their pregnancy. The assay involves the use of fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) to screen for benzoylecgonine in a methanolic extract of the meconium. The FPIA is sensitiv...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/16.4.261
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urine drug testing (UDT) is an emerging standard of care in the evaluation and treatment of chronic non-cancer pain patients with opioid analgesics. UDT may be used both to verify adherence with the opioid analgesic regimen and to monitor abstinence from non-prescribed or illicit controlled substances. In the former s...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bku109
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Propane can be responsible for several types of lethal intoxication and explosions. Quantifying it would be very helpful to determine in some cases the cause of death. Some gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods of propane measurements do already exist. The main drawback of these GC-MS methods described ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkt098
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The List of Prohibited Substances and Methods (the List), an International Standard published yearly by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), determines which substances and methods are prohibited in sport in- and out-of-competition. Stimulants are included within drug class S.6 under the in-competition testing sectio...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/anatox/35.9.613
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a method for the detection and quantitation of drugs of abuse in oral fluids. Fortified oral fluid samples (made in-house) and samples from donors collected with Quantasil oral fluid collection kits from Immunalysis were screened on an Olympus 5400 using reagent...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/32.8.605
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 69-year-old male radio technician drank an unknown amount of a liquid and died within 5 h at a hospital. Mainly silver, potassium, and calcium, among other substances, were found in the residue of the liquid from the empty bottle by means of the spectrographic method (30.7% silver and 25.5% potassium using atomic ab...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/21.7.580
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the lack of certified reference material, a reliable quantification in complex postmortem matrices can only be performed either by the addition of isotope-labelled standards or by the standard addition method. Although standard addition is a basic quantification procedure, its practical implementation is challe...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkv078
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A clinical study was designed to determine if there was a predictable relationship between saliva and plasma codeine concentrations. Drug-free volunteers (n = 17) were administered a 30-mg dose of liquid codeine phosphate. Plasma and saliva specimens were collected at various times for 24 h after administration. Plasm...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/23.6.452
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cases of lethal overdose by temazepam are presented. In both cases, temazepam was the only drug detected, and there was no involvement of alcohol. The drug concentrations in blood, urine, and liver were measured. ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/10.2.77
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a commonly encountered drug of abuse, has been shown in a variety of studies to cause neurotoxic effects. Because MDMA itself is not neurotoxic, identifying the potential neurotoxic metabolite(s) was of significant importance. Evaluation of urine and plasma concentrations of M...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/31.3.138
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salicylate excretion was studied in the breast milk of a nursing mother (Patient A) taking chronic therapeutic doses of aspirin, and caffeine excretion was monitored in the breast milk of a nursing mother (Patient B) who was a heavy coffee drinker. Salicylate concentrations were maximal in serum at 2.25 hours (10.8 mg...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/6.2.64
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An isotope dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (GC-MS-MS) method was developed for quantitating the urinary metabolites of the organophosphorus nerve agents sarin, soman, tabun (GA), VX, and GF. Urine samples were concentrated by codistillation with acetonitrile, derivatized by methylation with diazo...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/26.1.6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 59-year-old white male accidentally ingested a mouthful of a plant growth chemical, Cycocel, containing 11.8% of the active ingredient (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride (chlormequat). He was seen by a family physician and then transferred to a hospital where he died as a result of ventricular fibrillation, w...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/14.4.257
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A woman was alleged to have committed suicide by consuming a gasoline additive shortly before jumping from a second floor balcony within her home. She was found dead by police with a multitude of injuries, lying nude in a partially evaporated unknown residue that was later determined to be methanol. Samples collected ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/29.7.734
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid, specific and quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography assay procedure is described for the determination of ICI 125, 211, (I), a guanidino-thiazole H2-receptor antagonist, in small samples of animal plasma. A 0.2 mL aliquot of plasma is extracted at pH 9 with ethyl acetate. After reconstitution in ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/4.5.244
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the early-phase postmortem redistribution of the enantiomers of citalopram (CIT) and its metabolites demethylcitalopram (DCIT) and didemethylcitalopram (DDCIT) in a rat model. Furthermore, we wanted to examine the role of the lungs as a reservoir of postmortem drug release and ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/29.4.223
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An analytical method for determining exposure to 2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard, HD) has been enhanced. The method is based on the cleavage of adducted HD (protein-hydroxyethylthioethyl esters) to produce thiodiglycol. Following cleavage, a deuterated internal standard is added, and the analytes are extr...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/32.1.31
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case involving unusually high postmortem morphine concentrations in a 44-year-old male with end-stage pancreatic cancer. He was receiving morphine for pain control via a single subclavian intravenous catheter. Allegations of foul play were made by family members at the time of death, so a full autopsy was ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/28.6.529
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calibration model selection is required for all quantitative methods in toxicology and more broadly in bioanalysis. This typically involves selecting the equation order (quadratic or linear) and weighting factor correctly modelizing the data. A mis-selection of the calibration model will generate lower quality control...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkx001
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to assess the persistence of clenbuterol residues in retinal tissue of pigs after repeated administration in a growth-promoting dose, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a screening method for quantitative determination. A growth-promoting dose of clenbuterol (20 μg/kg b...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/anatox/35.1.28
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
