The effect of size and age of subject on airway responsiveness in children.

abstract：:Genetic factors are likely to contribute to the variable presentation of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to determine whether the LTalpha+250 (TNFbeta+250) and TNFalpha-308 gene polymorphisms are associated with different presentations of CAP. Septic shock (SS) was ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Waterer GW,Quasney MW,Cantor RM,Wunderink RG

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The period covered by this update can be considered as the most exciting period in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research. It started with the identification of genetic variants that are associated with IPF in the majority of patients and continued with discovery of molecular and genetic biomarkers that predict ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Rosas IO,Kaminski N

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential role of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) in acute lung injury (ALI) has gained increasing attention. This study evaluates the effects of hypoxia, an important feature of ALI, on NOS2 expression in a rat model of ALI caused by exposure to hypoxia and LPS. Exposure to hypoxia alone had no effect on the expre...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Agorreta J,Garayoa M,Montuenga LM,Zulueta JJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation is a critical component of asthma. Drugs that control asthma generally reduce the degree of airway inflammation. There is theoretical controversy surrounding the effects of beta(2)-agonists on airway inflammation, with some studies suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect, and others predicting a proinflamm...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Calhoun WJ,Hinton KL,Kratzenberg JJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Important features of both stable and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are skeletal muscle weakness and wasting. Limb muscle dysfunction during an exacerbation has been linked to various adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization, readmission, and mortality. The contributin...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Abdulai RM,Jensen TJ,Patel NR,Polkey MI,Jansson P,Celli BR,Rennard SI

更新日期：2018-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Tissue injury and repair involve highly conserved processes governed by mechanisms that can be co-opted in tumors. We hypothesized that soluble factors released during the repair response to lung injury would promote orthotopic tumor growth. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether lung injury promoted growth of orth...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Arenberg D,Luckhardt TR,Carskadon S,Zhao L,Amin MA,Koch AE

更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human neutrophil elastase (HNE), an enzyme secreted by activated neutrophils, can bind to and degrade extracellular matrix including human lung elastin. This protease is believed to play an important role in several destructive processes including pulmonary emphysema. In this study, we hypothesized that an alveolar ma...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Fujita J,Sköld CM,Daughton DM,Ertl RF,Takahara J,Rennard SI

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of the local and regional doses of inhaled particulates is crucial for inhalation therapy and for understanding the progression of pulmonary disease. We studied the deposition pattern of radioactively tagged particles in rats with chronic bronchitis. Rats were exposed to sulfur dioxide (SO2; 236 +/- 14 ppm) ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sweeney TD,Skornik WA,Brain JD,Hatch V,Godleski JJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of the airways of asthmatic individuals causes severe bronchoconstriction, which is in part neurally mediated via the vagus nerve. Local anesthetics are commonly administered to prevent this reflex-induced bronchoconstriction. Therefore, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study, we tested th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Groeben H,Foster WM,Brown RH

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Fibroblast growth factor receptor-1alpha(IIIc) [FGF-R1alpha(IIIc)] regulates recovery of neonatal rat lung growth, after 95% oxygen-mediated growth arrest. Its role in normal postnatal alveologenesis is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To determine if FGF-R1alpha(IIIc) regulates normal postnatal alveologenesis. METHODS:T...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Yi M,Belcastro R,Shek S,Luo D,Post M,Tanswell AK

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Activin-A is up-regulated in various respiratory disorders. However, its precise role in pulmonary pathophysiology has not been adequately substantiated in vivo. OBJECTIVES:To investigate in vivo the consequences of dysregulated Activin-A expression in the lung and identify key Activin-A-induced processes th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Apostolou E,Stavropoulos A,Sountoulidis A,Xirakia C,Giaglis S,Protopapadakis E,Ritis K,Mentzelopoulos S,Pasternack A,Foster M,Ritvos O,Tzelepis GE,Andreakos E,Sideras P

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The gas exchange threshold (GET) has been used an an index of anaerobic threshold because it can be measured noninvasively. GET is estimated from a breakpoint in breath by breath values of carbon dioxide uptake (Vco2) and oxygen uptake (Vo2) obtained during a progressive exercise test. Three methods of estimating GET ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Magalang UJ,Grant BJ

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Background: This document provides evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on the management of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Methods: A multidisciplinary panel conducted pragmatic systematic reviews of the relevant research and applied Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Ev...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Metlay JP,Waterer GW,Long AC,Anzueto A,Brozek J,Crothers K,Cooley LA,Dean NC,Fine MJ,Flanders SA,Griffin MR,Metersky ML,Musher DM,Restrepo MI,Whitney CG

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies suggest that lung function tests using monodisperse aerosols can help to identify early stages of lung diseases. We investigated intrapulmonary particle loss and aerosol bolus dispersion-a marker of convective gas transport-in 32 women with asymptomatic nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kohlhäufl M,Brand P,Scheuch G,Meyer TS,Schulz H,Häussinger K,Heyder J

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tracheal and lung parenchymal SP-LI (substance P-like immunoreactivity) and VIP-LI (vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity) content was measured in HPLC-purified tissue extracts from patients with and without asthma. We detected significantly less SP-LI in tracheal tissue from asthmatic than from nonasthm...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lilly CM,Bai TR,Shore SA,Hall AE,Drazen JM

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rationale: Chronic cough is characterized by frequent urges to cough and a heightened sensitivity to inhaled irritants. Airway sensory nerves trigger cough. We hypothesized that sensory nerve density is increased in chronic cough, which may contribute to excessive and persistent coughing.Objectives: To measure airway ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shapiro CO,Proskocil BJ,Oppegard LJ,Blum ED,Kappel NL,Chang CH,Fryer AD,Jacoby DB,Costello RW,Drake MG

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Severe sepsis and septic shock are leading causes of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, morbidity, and mortality. The effect of compliance with sepsis management guidelines on outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect on mortality of compliance with a severe sepsis and septic shock management bu...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Miller RR 3rd,Dong L,Nelson NC,Brown SM,Kuttler KG,Probst DR,Allen TL,Clemmer TP,Intermountain Healthcare Intensive Medicine Clinical Program.

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Air pollution is a known asthma trigger and has been associated with short-term asthma symptoms, airway inflammation, decreased lung function, and reduced response to asthma rescue medications. OBJECTIVES:To assess a causal relationship between air pollution and childhood asthma using data that address tempo...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nishimura KK,Galanter JM,Roth LA,Oh SS,Thakur N,Nguyen EA,Thyne S,Farber HJ,Serebrisky D,Kumar R,Brigino-Buenaventura E,Davis A,LeNoir MA,Meade K,Rodriguez-Cintron W,Avila PC,Borrell LN,Bibbins-Domingo K,Rodriguez-San

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that a nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and elevated arginase activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Although much attention has been directed toward measurements of exhaled NO in asthma, no studies to date have evaluated levels of plasma arginase or arginine, the substrate for NO p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Morris CR,Poljakovic M,Lavrisha L,Machado L,Kuypers FA,Morris SM Jr

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Poor adherence to medication regimens may be contributing to the recent increase in asthma morbidity and mortality. We examined patient characteristics that may influence adherence to twice-daily inhaled steroid regimens. Fifty adults with moderate to severe asthma completed questionnaires examining sociodemographics,...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Apter AJ,Reisine ST,Affleck G,Barrows E,ZuWallack RL

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses work in a demanding environment where they are repetitively exposed to traumatic situations and stressful events. The psychological effects on nurses as a result of working in the ICU are relatively unknown. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether there is an increased prevalence of p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Mealer ML,Shelton A,Berg B,Rothbaum B,Moss M

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:S100A12 is overexpressed during inflammation and is a marker of inflammatory disease. Furthermore, it has been ascribed to the group of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules that promote inflammation. However, the exact role of human S100A12 during early steps of immune activation and sepsis is only p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Foell D,Wittkowski H,Kessel C,Lüken A,Weinhage T,Varga G,Vogl T,Wirth T,Viemann D,Björk P,van Zoelen MA,Gohar F,Srikrishna G,Kraft M,Roth J

更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) have increased the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopic diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions. However, the role of combining these modalities to overcome each individual technique's limitations and, consequently, to further increas...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Eberhardt R,Anantham D,Ernst A,Feller-Kopman D,Herth F

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that the allergic late airway response (LR) is dependent on the leukotriene (LT) pathway in Brown Norway (BN) rats. In this same model, interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been shown to increase allergic airway responses without increasing LT production. This study examined the relationship between th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nag S,Lamkhioued B,Renzi PM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients in whom acid-fast bacilli smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was newly diagnosed were randomized to receive 400 mg moxifloxacin, 300 mg isonaizid, or 600 mg rifampin daily for 5 days. Sixteen-hour overnight sputa collections were made for the 2 days before and for 5 days of monotherapy. Bactericidal activi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gosling RD,Uiso LO,Sam NE,Bongard E,Kanduma EG,Nyindo M,Morris RW,Gillespie SH

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) die from right heart failure. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces mortality by about 30% in patients with left-sided systolic heart failure, but is not used in PAH. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of the adrenergic receptor blocker carvedilol on ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bogaard HJ,Natarajan R,Mizuno S,Abbate A,Chang PJ,Chau VQ,Hoke NN,Kraskauskas D,Kasper M,Salloum FN,Voelkel NF

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although considerable evidence indicates a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T cells) in airway inflammation, little data exist regarding the mechanisms underlying the induction and regulation of CD4(+) T cell reactivity to lung-specific antigens. To dissect the immunologic and molecular mechanisms of CD4(+) T cell dysre...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bruder D,Westendorf AM,Geffers R,Gruber AD,Gereke M,Enelow RI,Buer J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy is highly sensitive for pulmonary embolism (PE), but its clinical usefulness is limited by its nondiagnostic rate. Objective analysis of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) three-dimensional scintigraphy may improve its diagnostic performance compared with sub...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Harris B,Bailey D,Miles S,Bailey E,Rogers K,Roach P,Thomas P,Hensley M,King GG

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate which cells are synthesizing tenascin in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) we have analyzed thoracoscopic or open lung biopsies from 30 patients with UIP by mRNA in situ hybridization, using (35)S-labeled tenascin RNA probes. The phenotype of the cells expressing tenascin mRNA was confirmed by immunohist...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Pääkkö P,Kaarteenaho-Wiik R,Pöllänen R,Soini Y

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theophylline is well-established in the management of asthma, and there is some evidence of an antiinflammatory effect in asthma. It is not known whether theophylline affects inflammatory markers such as sputum eosinophils and exhaled nitric oxide (NO) in patients with mild asthma not receiving inhaled steroid therapy...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lim S,Tomita K,Caramori G,Jatakanon A,Oliver B,Keller A,Adcock I,Chung KF,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00