Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia. An Official Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America.

abstract：:In order to examine the dose-dependence of the airway response to animal allergens we performed environmental challenges on 17 workers with documented IgE-mediated allergic reactions to laboratory rats. The 1-h environmental challenges were conducted in a vivarium during cage cleaning (high-allergen challenge), quiet ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Eggleston PA,Ansari AA,Adkinson NF Jr,Wood RA

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced bronchodilatation in response to deep inspiration (DI) has been demonstrated in asthmatics. We have previously shown that inhibition of DI for 10 min or more during methacholine inhalation increases airway narrowing in normals. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of DIs during methacholine inhalation in a...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： King GG,Moore BJ,Seow CY,Paré PD

更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma is a common chronic disease without cure. Our understanding of asthma onset, pathobiology, classification, and management has evolved substantially over the past decade; however, significant asthma-related morbidity and excess healthcare use and costs persist. To address this important clinical condition, the N...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Levy BD,Noel PJ,Freemer MM,Cloutier MM,Georas SN,Jarjour NN,Ober C,Woodruff PG,Barnes KC,Bender BG,Camargo CA Jr,Chupp GL,Denlinger LC,Fahy JV,Fitzpatrick AM,Fuhlbrigge A,Gaston BM,Hartert TV,Kolls JK,Lynch SV,Moo

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In unilateral lung injury, application of global positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may cause overdistension of normal alveoli and redistribution of blood flow to diseased lung areas, thereby worsening oxygenation. We hypothesized that selective application of tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) will recruit the inju...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Blanch L,Van der Kloot TE,Youngblood AM,Murias G,Naveira A,Adams AB,Romero PV,Nahum A

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:If lipid peroxidation (LP) contributes to organ dysfunction in sepsis rather than simply reflecting established injury, it should occur soon after the onset of the septic insult, and it may not progress uniformly in all organs. We assessed whether LP occurs within 90 min after onset of continuous intravenous endotoxin...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Clements NC Jr,Habib MP

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interpretation of incremental cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) might be enhanced by considering the simultaneous rates of change of certain key variables, e.g., Delta oxygen uptake/Delta work rate (Delta VO(2)/Delta WR), Delta heart rate/Delta VO(2) (Delta HR/Delta VO(2)), Delta ventilation/Delta carbon dioxide p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Neder JA,Nery LE,Peres C,Whipp BJ

更新日期：2001-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced sputum using hypertonic saline (HS) is a useful research tool to study airway inflammation (AI). HS provocation testing can also be used to measure airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). A combined HS challenge and sputum induction procedure has been developed to permit assessment of AI and AHR in a single test. Th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Jones PD,Hankin R,Simpson J,Gibson PG,Henry RL

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A protective role for dietary antioxidants in asthma has been proposed. However, epidemiological evidence to implicate antioxidant vitamins is weak, and data on the role of flavonoid-rich foods and antioxidant trace elements are lacking. We carried out a population-based case-control study in South London, UK, to inve...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shaheen SO,Sterne JA,Thompson RL,Songhurst CE,Margetts BM,Burney PG

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiopathology of chronic cough remains obscure. We evaluated the possibility that chronic cough in nonasthmatic subjects is associated with airway inflammation, and if this is so, what the relationship between this inflammation and the possible etiology of cough might be, as well as its response to inhaled stero...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Boulet LP,Milot J,Boutet M,St Georges F,Laviolette M

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To quantify changes in tissue oxygenation of pathologic lungs, we applied a novel method using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs). In in vitro experiments, we assayed the effect of photon scattering on the absorption spectra of an in vitro system simulating structures of lung, which consists of test tube containing air...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Noriyuki T,Ohdan H,Yoshioka S,Miyata Y,Asahara T,Dohi K

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:From the late 1970s to the early 1990s, studies found that mortality rates for pulmonary fibrosis were increasing. Recent data for mortality from pulmonary fibrosis are unavailable. OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine mortality rates for pulmonary fibrosis in the United States from 1992 through 2003. METHODS:...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Olson AL,Swigris JJ,Lezotte DC,Norris JM,Wilson CG,Brown KK

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ventilation style influences lung injury and the amount of large-aggregate biophysically active surfactant in adult lungs. We asked how positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) would influence clinical responses and surfactant pools in surfactant-treated preterm lambs ventilated for 7 h with tidal volumes (VT) of 10 m...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Michna J,Jobe AH,Ikegami M

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with systemic hypertension. Either overnight intermittent hypoxia, or the recurrent arousals that occur in OSA, could cause the daytime increases in blood pressure (BP). OBJECTIVES:To establish the role of intermittent hypoxia in the increased morning BP in patient...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Turnbull CD,Sen D,Kohler M,Petousi N,Stradling JR

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown an increased number of inflammatory cells and, in particular, CD8+ve cells in the airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study we investigated whether a similar inflammatory process is also present in the lungs, and particularly in lung parenchyma and ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Saetta M,Baraldo S,Corbino L,Turato G,Braccioni F,Rea F,Cavallesco G,Tropeano G,Mapp CE,Maestrelli P,Ciaccia A,Fabbri LM

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most randomized trials in critical care report no mortality benefit; this may reflect competing pathogenic mechanisms, patient heterogeneity, or true ineffectiveness of interventions. We hypothesize that in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), randomizing only those patients who show a favorable physiological r...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Goligher EC,Kavanagh BP,Rubenfeld GD,Ferguson ND

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are common causes of respiratory tract infections. H. influenzae attach to receptor epitopes in mucins and in epithelial cell membranes. Attachment is followed by an epithelial cell cytokine response. Secreted cytokines then initiate inflammation, upset the integrity...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Håkansson A,Carlstedt I,Davies J,Mossberg AK,Sabharwal H,Svanborg C

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma and chronic bronchitis are inflammatory diseases with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and collagen deposition. Collagen homeostasis is controlled by metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We evaluated MMP and TIMP balance in induced sputum of 10 control, 31 untreate...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Vignola AM,Riccobono L,Mirabella A,Profita M,Chanez P,Bellia V,Mautino G,D'accardi P,Bousquet J,Bonsignore G

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking is the major risk factor for chronic respiratory symptoms, but dietary factors may also play a role. Most studies of diet and lung disease have been cross-sectional and conducted in populations with a Western-style diet. We analyzed the relation between dietary intake at baseline and new onset of cough with ph...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Butler LM,Koh WP,Lee HP,Yu MC,London SJ

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways elicits an exaggerated, interleukin-8 (IL-8) mediated, neutrophil inflammatory response. Necrosing neutrophils release DNA and actin into the airways, increasing the viscoelasticity of airway secretions. Mucolytics aim to improve airway clearance by reducing this viscoelas...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Perks B,Shute JK

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although overproduction of proinflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-derived leukotrienes (LTs) has been demonstrated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, their causal involvement in this condition has not been established. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was studied in mice rendered LT deficient by knoc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Peters-Golden M,Bailie M,Marshall T,Wilke C,Phan SH,Toews GB,Moore BB

更新日期：2002-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased serum levels of mucin-associated antigen have been previously demonstrated in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and interstitial pneumonia, and in lung-transplant recipients. The present study assessed the serum airway mucin levels in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An enzyme-linke...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shih JY,Yang SC,Yu CJ,Wu HD,Liaw YS,Wu R,Yang PC

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is controversial whether mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator intrinsically dysregulate inflammation. We characterized passage 2 human tracheobronchial epithelial cell cultures morphologically and physiologically and determined whether cytokine production or nuclear factor-kappaB activat...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Becker MN,Sauer MS,Muhlebach MS,Hirsh AJ,Wu Q,Verghese MW,Randell SH

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the development and course of impaired ventilatory function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) required further study. This role has been examined in the longitudinal Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airways Obstructive Disease, which started in 1972. The association ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sherrill DL,Lebowitz MD,Halonen M,Barbee RA,Burrows B

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced diaphragm contractility has been described in normal subjects after whole body endurance exercise, and it indicates low frequency fatigue (LFF); it is unknown whether LFF is of clinical importance. We therefore studied the effect of treadmill exercise to exhaustion on diaphragm contractility in six patients wi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Polkey MI,Kyroussis D,Keilty SE,Hamnegard CH,Mills GH,Green M,Moxham J

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with cardiovascular disease in adults, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as a link between the two disorders. We hypothesized that children with sleep-disordered breathing have higher CRP values than do control subjects. CRP was measured in 39 ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kaditis AG,Alexopoulos EI,Kalampouka E,Kostadima E,Germenis A,Zintzaras E,Gourgoulianis K

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the reliability and the minimal clinically important differences (MCID) for FVC% predicted in the Scleroderma Lung Study I and II. METHODS:Using data from SLS I and II (N=300), we evaluated the test-retest reliability for FVC% predicted (FVC%; screening vs. baseline) using intra-class correlation ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kafaja S,Clements PJ,Wilhalme H,Tseng CH,Furst DE,Kim GH,Goldin J,Volkmann ER,Roth MD,Tashkin DP,Khanna D

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumonectomized rats develop pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary vascular neointimal formation 4 wk after monocrotaline (MCT) administration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with MCT (60 mg/kg) on Day 7 after left pneumonectomy. Three groups (n = 5) received 40-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-rapamycin (RAD, 2.5 mg/k...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nishimura T,Faul JL,Berry GJ,Veve I,Pearl RG,Kao PN

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Clinical benefits of fixed-dose 100-mg subcutaneous (SC) mepolizumab in prednisone-dependent patients are modest when sputum eosinophilia is not adequately controlled. OBJECTIVES:This study compared treatment response of weight-adjusted intravenous (IV) reslizumab in patients previously treated with 100-mg S...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Mukherjee M,Aleman Paramo F,Kjarsgaard M,Salter B,Nair G,LaVigne N,Radford K,Sehmi R,Nair P

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acute lung injury (ALI) acts as a complex genetic trait, yet its genetic risk factors remain incompletely understood. Large-scale genotyping has not previously been reported for ALI. OBJECTIVES:To identify ALI risk variants after major trauma using a large-scale candidate gene approach. METHODS:We performed...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Meyer NJ,Li M,Feng R,Bradfield J,Gallop R,Bellamy S,Fuchs BD,Lanken PN,Albelda SM,Rushefski M,Aplenc R,Abramova H,Atochina-Vasserman EN,Beers MF,Calfee CS,Cohen MJ,Pittet JF,Christiani DC,O'Keefe GE,Ware LB,May AK

更新日期：2011-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Historically, infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been treated simultaneously with isoniazid and rifampin. As a consequence of this combined therapy, strains resistant only to rifampin were rarely recovered. However, recently there has been an increasing number of reports describing HIV-positive patie...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lutfey M,Della-Latta P,Kapur V,Palumbo LA,Gurner D,Stotzky G,Brudney K,Dobkin J,Moss A,Musser JM,Kreiswirth BN

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00