Exhaustive treadmill exercise does not reduce twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure in patients with COPD.

abstract：:Many patients who develop incapacitating illness have not expressed clear treatment preferences. Therefore, surrogate decision makers are asked to make judgments about what treatment pathway is most consistent with the patient's values. Surrogates often struggle with such decisions. The difficulty arises because answe...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Scheunemann LP,Arnold RM,White DB

更新日期：2012-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Air pollution is a known asthma trigger and has been associated with short-term asthma symptoms, airway inflammation, decreased lung function, and reduced response to asthma rescue medications. OBJECTIVES:To assess a causal relationship between air pollution and childhood asthma using data that address tempo...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nishimura KK,Galanter JM,Roth LA,Oh SS,Thakur N,Nguyen EA,Thyne S,Farber HJ,Serebrisky D,Kumar R,Brigino-Buenaventura E,Davis A,LeNoir MA,Meade K,Rodriguez-Cintron W,Avila PC,Borrell LN,Bibbins-Domingo K,Rodriguez-San

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Tezacaftor (formerly VX-661) is an investigational small molecule that improves processing and trafficking of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in vitro, and improves CFTR function alone and in combination with ivacaftor. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tezacaft...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Donaldson SH,Pilewski JM,Griese M,Cooke J,Viswanathan L,Tullis E,Davies JC,Lekstrom-Himes JA,Wang LT,VX11-661-101 Study Group.

更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms of exertional dyspnea relief in response to supplemental oxygen (O2) in chronic airflow limitation (CAL) are not precisely known and are likely multifactorial. To explore factors contributing to the relief of dyspnea after oxygen administration, 11 patients with severe CAL (FEV1.0 = 39 +/- 3% predicted,...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： O'Donnell DE,Bain DJ,Webb KA

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the relative contribution of ectopic calcitonin (CT) production versus nonectopic secretion of CT in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), serum and urine immunoreactive CT (iCT) levels of 86 different subjects were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using two polyclonal antisera (Ab3b and Ab4). Th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kelley MJ,Becker KL,Rushin JM,Venzon D,Phelps R,Ihde DC,Bliss DP Jr,Melby K,Snider RH,Johnson BE

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Patients with acute lung injury have impaired function of the lung surfactant system. Prior clinical trials have shown that treatment with exogenous recombinant surfactant protein C (rSP-C)-based surfactant results in improvement in blood oxygenation and have suggested that treatment of patients with severe d...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Spragg RG,Taut FJ,Lewis JF,Schenk P,Ruppert C,Dean N,Krell K,Karabinis A,Günther A

更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To quantify changes in tissue oxygenation of pathologic lungs, we applied a novel method using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs). In in vitro experiments, we assayed the effect of photon scattering on the absorption spectra of an in vitro system simulating structures of lung, which consists of test tube containing air...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Noriyuki T,Ohdan H,Yoshioka S,Miyata Y,Asahara T,Dohi K

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 11 ventilator-dependent patients, we undertook a head-to-head comparison of patient-ventilator interaction during four ventilator modes: assist-control ventilation (ACV), intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), pressure support (PS), and a combination of IMV and PS. Progressive increases in IMV rate and PS level ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Leung P,Jubran A,Tobin MJ

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Activin-A is up-regulated in various respiratory disorders. However, its precise role in pulmonary pathophysiology has not been adequately substantiated in vivo. OBJECTIVES:To investigate in vivo the consequences of dysregulated Activin-A expression in the lung and identify key Activin-A-induced processes th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Apostolou E,Stavropoulos A,Sountoulidis A,Xirakia C,Giaglis S,Protopapadakis E,Ritis K,Mentzelopoulos S,Pasternack A,Foster M,Ritvos O,Tzelepis GE,Andreakos E,Sideras P

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although overproduction of proinflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-derived leukotrienes (LTs) has been demonstrated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, their causal involvement in this condition has not been established. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was studied in mice rendered LT deficient by knoc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Peters-Golden M,Bailie M,Marshall T,Wilke C,Phan SH,Toews GB,Moore BB

更新日期：2002-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Guidelines, protocols, and checklists (together called "protocols") can be immensely helpful in the clinical arena. However, clinicians and health care systems relying on protocols must assess whether benefits are being accrued, whether such "benefits" are real, and whether harm can be detected. These concerns are imp...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kavanagh BP,Nurok M

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Because of high mortality, end-of-life care is an important component of intensive care. OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effectiveness of a quality-improvement intervention to improve intensive care unit (ICU) end-of-life care. METHODS:We conducted a cluster-randomized trial randomizing 12 hospitals. The interv...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Curtis JR,Nielsen EL,Treece PD,Downey L,Dotolo D,Shannon SE,Back AL,Rubenfeld GD,Engelberg RA

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Susceptibility to the development of asthma and other atopic diseases is known to be associated with genetic components, and several candidate genes have been reported to be linked to atopy in Caucasian populations. We conducted a study of linkage between asthma and markers on chromosomes 5q31-q33 and 11q13 in 68 Japa...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Noguchi E,Shibasaki M,Arinami T,Takeda K,Maki T,Miyamoto T,Kawashima T,Kobayashi K,Hamaguchi H

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelets are an important, albeit generally underappreciated, component of the inflammatory cascade. Platelets are known to contribute to inflammation in atherosclerosis, stroke, and asthma. They produce a large number of proinflammatory lipid mediators and cytokines, and play a vital role in recruitment of leukocyte...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： O'Sullivan BP,Michelson AD

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Data on hemoptysis of unknown origin (i.e., "cryptogenic") are scarce and the outcome of patients affected is controversial. OBJECTIVES:To describe the clinical spectrum and course of patients with cryptogenic hemoptysis, as well as pathologic findings when surgery is performed. METHODS:A cohort of 81 patie...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Savale L,Parrot A,Khalil A,Antoine M,Théodore J,Carette MF,Mayaud C,Fartoukh M

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A protective role for dietary antioxidants in asthma has been proposed. However, epidemiological evidence to implicate antioxidant vitamins is weak, and data on the role of flavonoid-rich foods and antioxidant trace elements are lacking. We carried out a population-based case-control study in South London, UK, to inve...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shaheen SO,Sterne JA,Thompson RL,Songhurst CE,Margetts BM,Burney PG

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the influence of current indoor levels of fungi, house dust mite allergen (Der p 1), and cat allergen (Fel d 1) on sensitization and asthma in adults. A total of 485 adults answered a questionnaire and had skin prick tests and lung function tests. Dust and air samples were collected from their bedrooms. Th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Dharmage S,Bailey M,Raven J,Mitakakis T,Cheng A,Guest D,Rolland J,Forbes A,Thien F,Abramson M,Walters EH

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of portable chest radiographs (CXRs) may be affected by changes in ventilation, particularly when patients are mechanically ventilated. Synchronization of the CXR with the ventilatory cycle should limit the influence of respiratory variation on the appearance of the CXR. This study evaluates the effect ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Langevin PB,Hellein V,Harms SM,Tharp WK,Cheung-Seekit C,Lampotang S

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Chronic lung diseases are associated with cardiovascular disease. How these associations evolve from young adulthood forward is unknown. Understanding the preclinical history of these associations could inform prevention strategies for common heart-lung conditions. OBJECTIVES:To use the Coronary Artery Risk ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Cuttica MJ,Colangelo LA,Shah SJ,Lima J,Kishi S,Arynchyn A,Jacobs DR Jr,Thyagarajan B,Liu K,Lloyd-Jones D,Kalhan R

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Few studies have examined associations between exposure to air pollution and childhood lung function after implementation of strict air quality regulations in the 1990s. OBJECTIVES:To assess traffic-related pollution exposure and childhood lung function. METHODS:We geocoded addresses for 614 mother-child pa...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Rice MB,Rifas-Shiman SL,Litonjua AA,Oken E,Gillman MW,Kloog I,Luttmann-Gibson H,Zanobetti A,Coull BA,Schwartz J,Koutrakis P,Mittleman MA,Gold DR

更新日期：2016-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relative roles of mucus plugs and emphysema in mechanisms of airflow limitation and hypoxemia in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are uncertain. METHODS:We analyzed computed tomography (CT) lung images and lung function in participants in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Dunican EM,Elicker BM,Henry T,Gierada DS,Schiebler ML,Anderson W,Barjaktarevic I,Barr RG,Bleecker ER,Boucher RC,Bowler RP,Christenson SA,Comellas A,Cooper CB,Couper D,Criner GJ,Dransfield M,Doerschuk CM,Drummond MB,

更新日期：2020-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Pure oxygen causes more oxidative stress than room air in resuscitation of asphyctic neonates, and consequently could be associated with increased tissue damage. OBJECTIVES:To compare damage caused to heart and kidneys on reoxygenation in severely asphyctic term neonates resuscitated with room air (RAR) or 1...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Vento M,Sastre J,Asensi MA,Viña J

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adapt to the anatomical vulnerability of their upper airway by generating increased activity in upper airway-dilating muscles during wakefulness. Norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) mediate, through α₁-adrenergic and 5-HT₂A receptors, a wake-related excitatory ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Rukhadze I,Fenik VB,Benincasa KE,Price A,Kubin L

更新日期：2010-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Current classification of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is based on a relatively simple combination of patient characteristics and hemodynamics. This limits customization of treatment, and lacks the clarity of a more granular identification based on individual patient phenotypes. Rapid advances in mechanistic ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Dweik RA,Rounds S,Erzurum SC,Archer S,Fagan K,Hassoun PM,Hill NS,Humbert M,Kawut SM,Krowka M,Michelakis E,Morrell NW,Stenmark K,Tuder RM,Newman J,ATS Committee on Pulmonary Hypertension Phenotypes.

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if gastric intramucosal pH changes during weaning from mechanical ventilation are related to gastric mucosal blood flow modifications, we studied 16 ventilator-supported patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who tolerated a 2-h trial of spontaneous breathing with pressure support vent...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bocquillon N,Mathieu D,Neviere R,Lefebvre N,Marechal X,Wattel F

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Lung transplant recipients are particularly at risk of complications from rhinovirus, the most frequent respiratory virus circulating in the community. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether lung transplant recipients can be chronically infected by rhinovirus and the potential clinical impact. METHODS:We first ide...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kaiser L,Aubert JD,Pache JC,Deffernez C,Rochat T,Garbino J,Wunderli W,Meylan P,Yerly S,Perrin L,Letovanec I,Nicod L,Tapparel C,Soccal PM

更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Breathing supplemental oxygen reduces breathlessness during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Replacing nitrogen with helium reduces expiratory flow resistance and may improve lung emptying. Combining these treatments should be independently effective. OBJECTIVES:Study t...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Laude EA,Duffy NC,Baveystock C,Dougill B,Campbell MJ,Lawson R,Jones PW,Calverley PM

更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The low-affinity IgG Fc receptor, FcgammaRIIB, displays inhibitory potential in experimental models such as autoimmune diseases. However, whether this receptor is involved in the onset of allergic diseases remains unknown. This study examines the role of FcgammaRIIB in the initiation of allergic rhinitis in mice. Repe...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Watanabe T,Okano M,Hattori H,Yoshino T,Ohno N,Ohta N,Sugata Y,Orita Y,Takai T,Nishizaki K

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1976-1992 245 new cases of asthma induced by diisocyanates were diagnosed, caused by hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in 39%, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) in 39%, and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in 17% of the cases. Our aim was to study the clinical outcome of diisocyanate-induced asthma. A questionnaire was s...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Piirilä PL,Nordman H,Keskinen HM,Luukkonen R,Salo SP,Tuomi TO,Tuppurainen M

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in dynamic lung compliance during inspiration and expiration cannot be modeled accurately with conventional algorithms. We developed a simple method to analyze pressure-volume (P/V) relationships under condition of nonlinearity (APVNL) and tested it in a lung model with known resistance and nonlinear P/V relat...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nikischin W,Gerhardt T,Everett R,Bancalari E

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00