Rabbit monoclonal antibodies: generating a fusion partner to produce rabbit-rabbit hybridomas.

abstract：:The problem of Congressional apportionment is explained together with a brief history of the methods used or considered for its solution. Reasons are given for rejecting the presently used method of equal proportions and for accepting a new method, the quota method, which is the unique method satisfying three essentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balinski ML,Young HP

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:F1, a water-soluble portion of FoF1-ATP synthase, is an ATP hydrolysis-driven rotary motor. The central gamma-subunit rotates in the alpha 3 beta 3 cylinder by repeating the following four stages of rotation: ATP-binding dwell, rapid 80 degrees substep rotation, interim dwell, and rapid 40 degrees substep rotation. At...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shimabukuro K,Yasuda R,Muneyuki E,Hara KY,Kinosita K Jr,Yoshida M

更新日期：2003-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:An assay has been developed to test the hypothesis that neurons from a limited area of the retina will adhere preferentially to that part of the optic tectum near their normal synaptic termini. The method measures the adherence of (32)P-labeled cell bodies from either the dorsal or ventral half of the neural retina of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbera AJ,Marchase RB,Roth S

更新日期：1973-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human epidermal stem cells express higher levels of beta1 integrins and are more adhesive than keratinocytes that are destined to differentiate. To investigate whether high beta1 integrin expression and adhesiveness are essential for maintaining keratinocytes in the stem cell compartment, we introduced a dominant-nega...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu AJ,Haase I,Watt FM

更新日期：1999-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We predict by first principles a phase transition in alumina at approximately 3.7 Mbar and room temperature from the CaIrO(3)-type polymorph to another with the U(2)S(3)-type structure. Because alumina is used as window material in shock-wave experiments, this transformation should be important for the analysis of sho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Umemoto K,Wentzcovitch RM

更新日期：2008-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Zea mays plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (ZmPIPs) fall into two groups, ZmPIP1s and ZmPIP2s, that exhibit different water channel activities when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. ZmPIP1s are inactive, whereas ZmPIP2s induce a marked increase in the membrane osmotic water permeability coefficient, P(f). We previously s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zelazny E,Borst JW,Muylaert M,Batoko H,Hemminga MA,Chaumont F

更新日期：2007-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of catalytic amounts of optically active dipyridylphosphine and CuF(2) along with hydride donor PhSiH(3) generated in situ a remarkably reactive catalyst system (substrate-to-ligand molar ratio up to 100,000) for the highly enantioselective hydrosilylation of a broad spectrum of aryl alkyl ketones (up ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu J,Ji JX,Chan AS

更新日期：2005-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Here, we describe the identification and characterization of a nuclear body (matrix-associated deacetylase body) whose formation and integrity depend on deacetylase activity. Typically, there are 20-40 0.5-microM bodies per nucleus, although the size and number can vary substantially. The structure appears to contain ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Downes M,Ordentlich P,Kao HY,Alvarez JG,Evans RM

更新日期：2000-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin- or multiple myeloma-associated amyloidosis has been distinguished by the tissue deposition of Congophilic, fibrillar protein consisting of light chains or light-chain fragments (AL amyloidosis). We now report the isolation and characterization of another form of immunoglobulin-associated amyloid obtain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eulitz M,Weiss DT,Solomon A

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike other cation channels, each subunit of most transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has an additional TRP-domain helix with an invariant tryptophan immediately trailing the gate-bearing S6. Recent cryo-electron microscopy of TRP vanilloid subfamily, member 1 structures revealed that this domain is a five-tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teng J,Loukin SH,Anishkin A,Kung C

更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified a subset of CD56(+)CD3(-) human natural killer (NK) cells that express CD4 and the HIV coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4. These cells can be productively infected in vitro by both CCR5- and CXCR4-using molecular clones of HIV-1 in a CD4-dependent manner. Analysis of HIV-infected persons showed that viral D...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Valentin A,Rosati M,Patenaude DJ,Hatzakis A,Kostrikis LG,Lazanas M,Wyvill KM,Yarchoan R,Pavlakis GN

更新日期：2002-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic stress is known to promote inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unresolved. Here, we found chronic stress to sensitize mice to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis; to increase the infiltration of B cells, neutrophils, and proinflammatory ly6Chi macrophages in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao X,Cao Q,Cheng Y,Zhao D,Wang Z,Yang H,Wu Q,You L,Wang Y,Lin Y,Li X,Wang Y,Bian JS,Sun D,Kong L,Birnbaumer L,Yang Y

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study details efficient lesion-free cutaneous vaccination via vaccine delivery into an array of micropores in the skin, instead of bolus injection at a single site. Such delivery effectively segregated vaccine-induced inflammation, resulting in rapid resolution of the inflammation, provided that distances ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang J,Li B,Wu MX

更新日期：2015-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of biotic remains of polar ice caps have been limited to morphological identification of plant pollen and spores. By using sensitive molecular techniques, we now demonstrate a much greater range of detectable organisms; from 2000- and 4000-year-old ice-core samples, we obtained and characterized 120 clones tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Willerslev E,Hansen AJ,Christensen B,Steffensen JP,Arctander P

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:An automatic protein design procedure is used to select amino acid sequences that optimize the folding free energy function for a given protein. The only information used in designing the sequences is a set of known backbone structures for each protein, a rotamer library, and a well established classical empirical for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaramillo A,Wernisch L,Héry S,Wodak SJ

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, a number of quantitative epidemiological studies of specific diseases have been done in developing countries that for the first time allow estimation of the total burden of disease (mortality and morbidity) attributable to use of solid fuels in adult women and young children, who jointly receive th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith KR

更新日期：2000-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of proton transfer from the bulk into the membrane protein interior was studied. The light-induced reduction of a bound ubiquinone molecule Q(B) by the photosynthetic reaction center is accompanied by proton trapping. We used kinetic spectroscopy to measure (i) the electron transfer to Q(B) (at 450 nm), ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gopta OA,Cherepanov DA,Junge W,Mulkidjanian AY

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier studies have shown that the DNA of herpes simplex virus 1 consists of two covalently linked components, L and S, each flanked by inverted repeats. The two components can invert, and viral DNA extracted from infected cells or virions consists of equimolar concentrations of four populations differing solely in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poffenberger KL,Tabares E,Roizman B

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a signal-on, electronic DNA (E-DNA) sensor that is label-free and achieves a subpicomolar detection limit. The sensor, which is based on a target-induced strand displacement mechanism, is composed of a "capture probe" attached by its 5' terminus to a gold electrode and a 5' methylene blue-modified "signaling...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao Y,Lubin AA,Baker BR,Plaxco KW,Heeger AJ

更新日期：2006-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus colonizes the skin of the majority of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and its presence increases disease severity. Adhesion of S. aureus to corneocytes in the stratum corneum is a key initial event in colonization, but the bacterial and host factors contributing to this process have not bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Towell AM,Feuillie C,Vitry P,Da Costa TM,Mathelié-Guinlet M,Kezic S,Fleury OM,McAleer MA,Dufrêne YF,Irvine AD,Geoghegan JA

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In a medium without Na+, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) binds at 0 degrees to freshly prepared crude synaptic membranes from rat cerebral cortex with an apparent dissociation constant of 218 nM. An endogenous inhibitor of the Na+-independent GABA binding was removed from these membranes by freezing and thawing and by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Toffano G,Guidotti A,Costa E

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the mechanisms of neural circuit assembly is far from complete. Identification of wiring molecules with novel mechanisms of action will provide insights into how complex and heterogeneous neural circuits assemble during development. In the Drosophila olfactory system, 50 classes of olfactory recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie Q,Wu B,Li J,Xu C,Li H,Luginbuhl DJ,Wang X,Ward A,Luo L

更新日期：2019-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that hydroxyl radicals (HO*) can be produced by H2O2 and halogenated quinones, independent of transition metal ions; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, using the electron spin resonance secondary radical spin-trapping method, we found that tetra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu BZ,Kalyanaraman B,Jiang GB

更新日期：2007-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa infects every type of host that has been examined by deploying multiple virulence factors. Previous studies of virulence regulation have largely focused on chemical cues, but P. aeruginosa may also respond to mechanical cues. Using a rapid imaging-based virulence assay, we demonstrate that P. ae...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Siryaporn A,Kuchma SL,O'Toole GA,Gitai Z

更新日期：2014-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed human cervicovaginal organ culture systems to examine the initiating events in HIV transmission after exposure to various sources of HIV infectivity, including semen. Newly infected cells were detected in the cervical submucosa 3-4 days after exposure to a primary HIV isolate. At earlier times, exten...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maher D,Wu X,Schacker T,Horbul J,Southern P

更新日期：2005-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitin E3 ligases are crucial for eliminating misfolded proteins before they form cytotoxic aggregates that threaten cell fitness and survival. However, it remains unclear how emerging misfolded proteins in the cytoplasm can be selectively recognized and eliminated by E3 ligases in plants. We found that Misfolded P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim JH,Cho SK,Oh TR,Ryu MY,Yang SW,Kim WT

更新日期：2017-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have been shown to migrate in response to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). However, the mechanism mediating this response has not been determined. The migration rates of porcine and human vascular SMCs were assessed in a monolayer wounding assay. IGF-I and IGF-II induced increases of 14...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones JI,Prevette T,Gockerman A,Clemmons DR

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed a genome-wide analysis of gene expression in primary human CD15(+) myeloid progenitor cells. By using the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) technique, we obtained quantitative information for the expression of 37,519 unique SAGE-tag sequences. Of these unique tags, (i) 25% were detected at high an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee S,Zhou G,Clark T,Chen J,Rowley JD,Wang SM

更新日期：2001-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Photosystem II (PSII), the light-driven water/plastoquinone photooxidoreductase, is of central importance in the planetary energy cycle. The product of the reaction, plastohydroquinone (PQH2), is released into the membrane from the QB site, where it is formed. A plastoquinone (PQ) from the membrane pool then binds int...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Causmaecker S,Douglass JS,Fantuzzi A,Nitschke W,Rutherford AW

更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Song syntax, defined as orderly temporal arrangements of acoustic units within a bird song, is a conspicuous feature of the songs of many species of passerine birds. While syntactical features play a role in interspecific song recognition by males of many bird species, syntax variation within species and female respon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balaban E

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00