National burden of disease in India from indoor air pollution.

abstract：:Prompted by the increasing interest in networks in many fields, we present an attempt at unifying points of view and analyses of these objects coming from the social sciences, statistics, probability and physics communities. We apply our approach to the Newman-Girvan modularity, widely used for "community" detection, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bickel PJ,Chen A

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We develop a potential landscape approach to quantitatively describe experimental data from a fibroblast cell line that exhibits a wide range of GFP expression levels under the control of the promoter for tenascin-C. Time-lapse live-cell microscopy provides data about short-term fluctuations in promoter activity, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sisan DR,Halter M,Hubbard JB,Plant AL

更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome duplication followed by massive gene loss has permanently shaped the genomes of many higher eukaryotes, particularly angiosperms. It has long been believed that a primary advantage of genome duplication is the opportunity for the evolution of genes with new functions by modification of duplicated genes. If so, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chapman BA,Bowers JE,Feltus FA,Paterson AH

更新日期：2006-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibitory postsynaptic currents occurring spontaneously in the teleost Mauthner cell were analyzed with the single-electrode voltage-clamp technique. They were collected during depolarizing steps and were outward-going; this procedure allowed them to be isolated from possible excitatory currents flowing in the opposi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Korn H,Burnod Y,Faber DS

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of human disease and transgenic animal experiments have clearly demonstrated the importance of desmosomes in normal tissue architecture. Furthermore, desmosomal components are down-regulated in certain types of carcinomas, suggesting a possible role for desmosomes in suppression of invasion and metastas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tselepis C,Chidgey M,North A,Garrod D

更新日期：1998-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A procedure is described to discover genes that are specifically expressed in human prostate. The procedure involves searching the expressed sequence tag (EST) database for genes that have many related EST sequences from human prostate cDNA libraries but none or few from nonprostate human libraries. The selected candi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vasmatzis G,Essand M,Brinkmann U,Lee B,Pastan I

更新日期：1998-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Achieving label-free, molecular-specific imaging with high spatial resolution in deep tissue is often considered the grand challenge of optical imaging. To accomplish this goal, significant optical scattering in tissues has to be overcome while achieving molecular specificity without resorting to extrinsic labeling. W...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yakovlev VV,Zhang HF,Noojin GD,Denton ML,Thomas RJ,Scully MO

更新日期：2010-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In the face of antibiotics, bacterial populations avoid extinction by harboring a subpopulation of dormant cells that are largely drug insensitive. This phenomenon, termed "persistence," is a major obstacle for the treatment of a number of infectious diseases. The mechanism that generates both actively growing as well...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rotem E,Loinger A,Ronin I,Levin-Reisman I,Gabay C,Shoresh N,Biham O,Balaban NQ

更新日期：2010-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeast fatty acid synthetase consists of two multifunctional proteins, alpha and beta, which are arranged in a complex of alpha(6)beta(6). Electron microscopic studies of this complex led to a model for the synthetase as an ovate structure consisting of an equatorial plate-like structure to which six arches are equally...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stoops JK,Wakil SJ

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear exosome-targeting (NEXT) complex functions as an RNA exosome cofactor and is involved in surveillance and turnover of aberrant transcripts and noncoding RNAs. NEXT is a ternary complex composed of the RNA-binding protein RBM7, the scaffold zinc-knuckle protein ZCCHC8, and the helicase MTR4. While RNA inter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Puno MR,Lima CD

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Profiling the dynamic interaction of p300 with proximal promoters of human T cells identified a class of genes that rapidly coassemble p300 and RNA polymerase II (pol II) following mitogen stimulation. Several of these p300 targets are immediate early genes, including FOS, implicating a prominent role for p300 in the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Byun JS,Wong MM,Cui W,Idelman G,Li Q,De Siervi A,Bilke S,Haggerty CM,Player A,Wang YH,Thirman MJ,Kaberlein JJ,Petrovas C,Koup RA,Longo D,Ozato K,Gardner K

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A cloned Bacillus subtilis gene (sprE) expressed only during the stationary growth phase is shown to encode the subtilisin E protease, an enzyme associated with sporulation. We have determined the DNA sequence of the sprE promoter region and the promoter-proximal half of the structural gene. The sprE gene codes for a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong SL,Price CW,Goldfarb DS,Doi RH

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells mediate vital control of cancer and viral infection. They rely on MHC class I (MHC I)-specific self-receptors to identify and lyse diseased cells without harming self-MHC I-bearing host cells. NK cells bearing inhibitory self-receptors for host MHC I also undergo education, referred to as lic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gamache A,Cronk JM,Nash WT,Puchalski P,Gillespie A,Wei H,Gray L,Hammarskjold ML,Xu W,Brown MG

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily are important for cell growth and survival. In addition to providing costimulatory signals for cell proliferation, ligation of both TNFR1 and Fas can result in programmed cell death or apoptosis. The underlying mechanism requires an intact 80-aa stretch ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prasad KV,Ao Z,Yoon Y,Wu MX,Rizk M,Jacquot S,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific transcriptional coactivator OCA-B is required for antigen-dependent B cell differentiation events, including germinal center formation. However, the identity of OCA-B target genes involved in this process is unknown. This study has used large-scale cDNA arrays to monitor changes in gene expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim U,Siegel R,Ren X,Gunther CS,Gaasterland T,Roeder RG

更新日期：2003-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) is a recently introduced mass spectrometric technique that provides a more comprehensive coverage of peptide sequences and posttranslational modifications. Here, we evaluated the use of ETD for a global phosphoproteome analysis. In all, we identified a total of 1,435 phosphorylatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Molina H,Horn DM,Tang N,Mathivanan S,Pandey A

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that the microbial community in the human intestine may play an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity. We examined 184,094 sequences of microbial 16S rRNA genes from PCR amplicons by using the 454 pyrosequencing technology to compare the microbial community structures of 9 individuals,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang H,DiBaise JK,Zuccolo A,Kudrna D,Braidotti M,Yu Y,Parameswaran P,Crowell MD,Wing R,Rittmann BE,Krajmalnik-Brown R

更新日期：2009-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies of legume nodules have indicated that formation of the heme moiety of leghemoglobin is a function of the bacterial symbiont. We now show that a hemA mutant of Bradyrhizobium japonicum that cannot carry out the first step in heme biosynthesis forms fully effective nodules on soybeans. The bacterial mut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guerinot ML,Chelm BK

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of the sterol-synthesizing mevalonate pathway occurs in part through feedback-regulated endoplasmic reticulum degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-R). In yeast, the Hmg2p isozyme of HMG-R is regulated in this manner. We have tested the involvement of ubiquitination in the regulated d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hampton RY,Bhakta H

更新日期：1997-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:With high-dimensional data, variable-by-variable statistical testing is often used to select variables whose behavior differs across conditions. Such an approach requires adjustment for multiple testing, which can result in low statistical power. A two-stage approach that first filters variables by a criterion indepen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bourgon R,Gentleman R,Huber W

更新日期：2010-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The mutation spectrum induced by the widely used antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cis-DDP) showed that cisDDP[d(ApG)] adducts, although they account for only 25% of the lesions formed, are approximately 5 times more mutagenic than the major GG adduct. We report the construction of vectors bearing a sin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burnouf D,Gauthier C,Chottard JC,Fuchs RP

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The semidwarf phenotype has been extensively selected during modern crop breeding as an agronomically important trait. Introduction of the semidwarf gene, semi-dwarf1 (sd1), which encodes a gibberellin biosynthesis enzyme, made significant contributions to the "green revolution" in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here we repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Asano K,Yamasaki M,Takuno S,Miura K,Katagiri S,Ito T,Doi K,Wu J,Ebana K,Matsumoto T,Innan H,Kitano H,Ashikari M,Matsuoka M

更新日期：2011-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor α (PILRα) and β (PILRβ) belong to the PILR family and are related to innate immune regulation in various species. Despite their high sequence identity, PILRα and PILRβ are shown to have variant sialic acid (SA) binding avidities. To explore the molecular basis of this interac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Q,Lu G,Qi J,Wang H,Xuan Y,Wang Q,Li Y,Zhang Y,Zheng C,Fan Z,Yan J,Gao GF

更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor of glycogen phosphorylase a (1,4-alpha-D-glucan:orthophosphate alpha-glucosyltransferase, EC2.4.1.1.) has been positioned on the protomer with x-ray diffraction data, chemical markers, and sequence information. The electron density was computed from 3.0-A resolution phases calculate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sygusch J,Madsen NB,Kasvinsky PJ,Fletterick RJ

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed synthetic oligonucleotides encoding sequences conserved among tyrosine-specific protein kinases were used to probe the genome of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two genes with homology to protein kinases were isolated and characterized by DNA sequence analysis. These genes, designated KIN1 and KIN2, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levin DE,Hammond CI,Ralston RO,Bishop JM

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular nature of the cell surface-cytoskeleton interaction in microvilli isolated from ascites 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma sublines with immobile (MAT-C1) and mobile (MAT-B1) receptors was investigated by extraction and fractionation studies on the microvillar membranes. Extraction of membranes from MAT-C1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carraway CA,Jung G,Carraway KL

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene III protein of bacteriophage f1 is inserted into the host cell membrane where it is assembled into phage particles. A truncated form of gene III protein, encoded by a recombinant plasmid and lacking the carboxyl terminus, does not remain in the membrane but instead appears to slip through it. Fusion of a hydropho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boeke JD,Model P

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation plays a critical role in controlling the function of cytoskeletal assemblies but no direct method yet exists to measure the phosphorylation state of proteins at the level of individual molecules and assemblies. Herein, we apply scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron ener...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leapman RD,Gallant PE,Reese TS,Andrews SB

更新日期：1997-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(A)+ mRNA was isolated from the brains of C57BL/6J (B6), DBA/2J (D2), and F1 hybrid mice (B6 X D2) of 16-17 days of age. The yield of polysomal RNA, both poly(A)+ and poly(A)-, from the three strains of mice was comparable. When translated in vitro in a reticulocyte lysate system, the mRNA preparations had the sam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miskimins R,Ebato H,Seyfried TN,Yu RK

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We introduce a family of fast ordered upwind methods for approximating solutions to a wide class of static Hamilton-Jacobi equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Standard techniques often rely on iteration to converge to the solution of a discretized version of the partial differential equation. Our fast method...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sethian JA,Vladimirsky A

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00