Abstract：
:Fixed and unfixed human tendons originating from cadavers and postoperation specimens were examined using inclined parallel beams of light in a reflecting mode. Along the tendon, numerous planes, constantly inclined to the axis, were observed edge-on at the surface and within the interior. Their angle of inclination, with respect to the distal end was very nearly +/- 50 degrees. The planes consisted of individual segments arranged in steps which were on average 190 x 50 microns. Similar configurations were also observed with the scanning electron microscope. Using this technique, the segments were identified with collagen bundles turning at a sharp angle with respect to the axis of the tendon at the level of the inclined plane. Crimped planes were found to be irregularly distributed along the tendons. On longer flatter tendons the average distance between planes was in the range of 1-12 mm. On stretching, the inclined pattern disappeared and was rapidly reestablished in the previously observed position when the strain was released. It is suggested that the observed structure forms a mechanism which is responsible for the appearance of the first part of 'foot' region of the tendon's stress-strain diagram.
journal_name
J Anatjournal_title
Journal of anatomyauthors
Stolinski Csubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-06-01 00:00:00pages
577-83eissn
0021-8782issn
1469-7580journal_volume
186 ( Pt 3)pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The behavioral differences in muscle use are related to the fiber type composition of the muscles among other variables. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of heterogeneity in the fiber type composition in the rat temporalis muscle. The temporalis muscle was taken from 10-week-old Wistar strain male rats ...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00990.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper describes a novel structure, termed the peri-albumen layer, in the egg-envelopes of the quail Coturnix japonica. It reacts with Alcian blue and exists between the egg white and the shell membrane. Ultrastructurally, it is of fine granular structure and forms a fenestrate sheet, the width of which is ...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.2003.00197.x
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two endocrine cell types were found in the metaplastic epithelium of gall bladders removed for gall stones. The endocrine cell type I resembled the EC (enterochromaffin) cell of the normal stomach mucosa. The homogeneous and electron-dense secretory granules were variable in size and shape and mainly located in the su...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms of lubrication of human synovial joints have been analysed in terms of the operating conditions of the joint, the synovial fluid and articular cartilage. In the hip and knee during a walking cycle the load may rise up to four times body weight. In the knee on dropping one metre the load may go up to 25 time...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ACTH cells form a layer 1-8 cells thick, dorsal to the prolactin cells in the rostral pars distalis. They react only mildly with a variety of stains including PAS-lead haematoxylin. Their nuclear diameters vary seasonally in a manner that closely parallels that of the prolactin cells. The relative volumes of the A...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study of 80 cavernous sinuses in 40 cadavers, the trochlear nerve entered the cavernous sinus in 87.5% of cases before the crossing, in 7.5% at the crossing and in 5.0% after the crossing of the free and the attached margins of the tentorium cerebelli. In 77.5% of specimens the trochlear nerve showed a marked ben...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elastic fibres, which are intimately associated with collagen, a major component of the urethra, have been assumed to contribute to the resting urethral closure pressure. The Miller stain for elastin was used to demonstrate elastic fibres in cryostat sections of guinea pig bladder base, vesicourethral junction (VUJ) a...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19530447.x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the intestine, changes of sugar concentration generated in the lumen during digestion induce adaptive responses of glucose transporters in the epithelium. A close matching between the intestinal expression of glucose transporters and the composition and amount of the diet has been provided by several experiments. F...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01385.x
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fresh specimens of human peritoneum collected from heart-beating cadaver organ donors have been examined by transmission electron microscopy. Samples were taken from the anterior abdominal wall and from the surfaces of the liver, stomach and diaphragm. The mesothelium consisted of a single layer of flattened cells gen...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invasive species are a global scourge and often negatively impact native species. Understanding the expansion and dispersal limits of these species is essential. As previous studies have demonstrated increased locomotor performance for populations at the edge of the range of expanding populations, studies of locomotio...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.13063
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The innervation of rat intervertebral disc and adjacent ligamentous tissue has been investigated using 2 antibodies, RT97 and anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide. Immunoreactivity to the peptide was found in many fibres throughout the long ligaments around the intervertebral discs and in the periosteum, especially as...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The urethra is the main place of entry for sexually transmitted pathogens. However, there is little literature on the morphology of the urogenital system, principally the urethra and ducts of the sex accessory glands. The Mongolian gerbil is an insectivorous, herbivorous and monogamous rodent with nocturnal habits; it...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.2003.00181.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Connective tissue function is defined as the formation and maintenance of shape, without which centralised physiologies (circulatory, digestive or nervous) could not have evolved. Two elements, inextensible (collagenous) fibrils and compression-resistant interfibrillar soluble polymers (proteoglycans), cope with all u...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The moment arm of a muscle represents its leverage or torque-producing capacity, and is indicative of the role of the muscle in joint actuation. The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the moment arms of the major muscles spanning the glenohumeral joint during abduction, flexion and axial r...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.12903
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nearly two thirds of the approximately 700 species of living salamanders are lungless. These species respire entirely through the skin and buccopharyngeal mucosa. Lung loss dramatically impacts the configuration of the circulatory system but the effects of evolutionary lung loss on cardiac morphology have long been co...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.12535
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Femoral neck fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly humans. In addition to the age-related loss of cancellous bone, changes to the microstructure and morphology of the metaphyseal cortex may be a contributing factor in osteoporotic hip fractures. Recent investigations have identified a hyper...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19820153.x
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light and electron microscopic techniques were employed to study the structure of the ureter of the starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Particular attention was paid to the characterisation of the epithelial cell types. Differences were found in the chemical composition of the mucins found in the ureteric epithelial cells an...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of pneumatisation in the skull of the adult domestic fowl was investigated in eight birds by gross and histological examination. It was found to occur regularly throughout the neurocranium and in the quadrate and variably in the mandible, but to be absent in the facial skeleton. Close agreement was foun...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of mRNAs and antigens of tissue type (t) and urokinase type (u) plasminogen activators (PA) plus their corresponding inhibitors, type-1 (PAI-1) and type-2 (PAI-2) were studied in human and rhesus monkey placentae by in situ hybridisation and immunocytochemistry. Specific monkey cRNA and antibodies aga...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19420183.x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ligamentous attachments of the lumbar spinous processes were studied by dissection and histological examination in seven dogs, three cats and six baboons. Unlike man, the lumbar spines of these animals do not possess a supraspinous ligament and there is no decussation of the erector spinae tendons in the lower lum...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews recent work in radiological image registration and provides a classification of image registration by type of transformation and by methods employed to compute the transformation. The former includes transformation of 2D images to 2D images of the same individual, transformation of 3D images to 3D i...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.1998.19330347.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunohistochemistry of normal eccrine sweat glands was performed on paraffin sections of human skin. Immunoreactivity (ir) for neuron specific enolase, S100 protein (S100), regulatory peptides, nitric oxide synthase type I (NOS-I) and choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) was found in small nerve bundles close to sweat gl...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19430433.x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inner thoracic cavity is lined by the parietal pleura, and the lung lobes are covered by the visceral pleura. The parietal and visceral plurae form the pleural cavity that has negative pressure within to enable normal respiration. The lung tissues are bilaterally innervated by vagal and spinal nerves, including se...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.12560
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proportion of total limb length taken up by the individual skeletal elements (limb proportionality), varies widely between species. These diverse skeletal forms have evolved to allow for a range of limb uses and they first emerge as the embryo develops, to achieve the characteristic skeletal architecture of each s...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/joa.12171
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An immuno-epifluorescence microscopic study of first trimester human chorionic villi has revealed different patterns of distribution for intermediate filament proteins. Keratin staining was restricted to the trophoblastic epithelium. The protein was shown to be concentrated into desmosome-containing apical and basal c...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the development of the avian skeleton has attracted considerable attention, most of the studies have been concentrated on the embryonic period, while studies on the postnatal period are rare. We studied the postnatal development of the skeleton in two phylogenetically distant birds, an altricial passerine Acr...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.13303
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dry dissected rat incisor ameloblasts studied in the scanning electron microscope show remarkable specializations of their lateral surfaces. Four or five cycles of a change from a surface with longitudinal gutterlike folds associated with large intercellular spaces, to one with microvilli and reduced intercellular spa...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The histogenesis of the isocortical segment of the lateral telencephalic wall at the coronal level of the interventricular foramen was studied in mice between the ages of E10 and the adult. The proliferative activity of the periventricular germinal layers was correlated with changes in cell distributions in the interm...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary alveolar septa are thought to contain at least two types of fibroblasts that are termed myofibroblasts and lipofibroblasts based on their morphological characteristics. Lipofibroblasts possess cytoplasmic lipid inclusions (lipid bodies or droplets) and are involved in several important functions, such as sur...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/joa.12677
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal human kidneys were examined for the presence of granular peripolar cells. The prominent feature of the human peripolar cell was the presence of numerous cytoplasmic membrane-bound granules, which had the appearance of secretory granules. Most of the granules had a homogeneous matrix with no crystalline substruc...
journal_title：Journal of anatomy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
