Abstract:
:The moment arm of a muscle represents its leverage or torque-producing capacity, and is indicative of the role of the muscle in joint actuation. The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the moment arms of the major muscles spanning the glenohumeral joint during abduction, flexion and axial rotation. Moment arm data for the deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor were reported when measured using the geometric and tendon excursion methods. The anterior and middle sub-regions of the deltoid had the largest humeral elevator moment arm values of all muscles during coronal- and scapular-plane abduction, as well as during flexion. The pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and teres major had the largest depressor moment arms, with each of these muscles exhibiting prominent leverage in shoulder adduction, and the latissimus dorsi and teres major also in extension. The rotator cuff muscles had the largest axial rotation moment arms regardless of the axial position of the humerus. The supraspinatus had the most prominent elevator moment arms during early abduction in both the coronal and scapular planes as well as in flexion. This systematic review shows that the rotator cuff muscles function as humeral rotators and weak humeral depressors or elevators, while the three sub-regions of the deltoid behave as substantial humeral elevators throughout the range of humeral motion. The pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and teres major are significant shoulder depressors, particularly during abduction. This study provides muscle moment arm data on functionally relevant shoulder movements that are involved in tasks of daily living, including lifting and pushing. The results may be useful in quantifying shoulder muscle function during specific planes of movement, in designing and validating computational models of the shoulder, and in planning surgical procedures such as tendon transfer surgery.
journal_name
J Anatjournal_title
Journal of anatomyauthors
Hik F,Ackland DCdoi
10.1111/joa.12903subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-15issue
1eissn
0021-8782issn
1469-7580journal_volume
234pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In experimental studies addressing the regulation of myelin formation and maintenance by Schwann cells, the sympathetic nervous system of young adult rodents has served a key role as an essentially nonmyelinated yet modifiable control tissue. Nevertheless there is clear evidence of substantial myelination in the super...
journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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journal_title:Journal of anatomy
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