Effect of protein A and its fragment B on the catabolic and Fc receptor sites of IgG.

abstract：:In the present study, we examined whether anti-CD40+IL-4-mediated B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin synthesis is affected by vitamin D (VD) and its low-hypercalcemic analogue EB1089 in Bcells from healthy donors. Analysis of vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression showed that only anti-CD40+IL-4-stimulated, but not ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Heine G,Anton K,Henz BM,Worm M

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmaniases are a major international public health problem, and macrophages are crucial for host resistance to this parasite. To determine if phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (Pten), a negative regulator of the PI3K pathway, plays a role in macrophage-mediated resistance to Leishmania, we ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Kuroda S,Nishio M,Sasaki T,Horie Y,Kawahara K,Sasaki M,Natsui M,Matozaki T,Tezuka H,Ohteki T,Förster I,Mak TW,Nakano T,Suzuki A

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three molecular forms of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) have been identified and cloned. Secreted IL-1ra (sIL-1ra or IL-1ra1) contains a classical leader peptide giving a released mature protein. Two intracellular isoforms, icIL-1ra type I (IL-1ra2) and icIL-1ra type II (IL-1ra3), have no leader sequence, thus ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Muzio M,Polentarutti N,Facchetti F,Peri G,Doni A,Sironi M,Transidico P,Salmona M,Introna M,Mantovani A

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activating NK cell receptor NKG2D binds to numerous stress-induced cell surface glycoproteins with MHC class I-related ectodomains. In humans, NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL) are members of the MHC-encoded MIC and non-MHC-encoded ULBP families of proteins. The redundancy of NKG2DL raises questions about unique features ass...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Wittenbrink M,Spreu J,Steinle A

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is not only a co-stimulus for the induction of interferon-gamma but also has direct proinflammatory effects by inducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1, IL-8 and IL-6. However, the cascade of events leading to induction of cytokines by IL-18 is unclear. The aim of the present study...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Netea MG,Kullberg BJ,Verschueren I,Van Der Meer JW

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell suspensions enriched for N cells, the effector cell for human natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity, were observed to react strongly with a rabbit antiserum directed against an antigen associated with B cells. Treatment of the effector suspension with the antiserum resulted in inhibition of natural cell-mediated cyt...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Koide Y,Takasugi M,Biling R

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immaturity of the neonatal immune system in mice is associated with defective IFN-gamma production and Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, infants vaccinated at birth with BCG produced similar concentrations of IFN-gamma in response to PPD and showed similar frequencies of IFN-gamma-producing lymphocytes a...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Vekemans J,Amedei A,Ota MO,D'Elios MM,Goetghebuer T,Ismaili J,Newport MJ,Del Prete G,Goldman M,McAdam KP,Marchant A

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that complement factor H (CFH) and complement factor B (CFB) are constitutively expressed by retinal pigment epithelial cells and their production is regulated by inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the alternative pathway (AP) of complement activation might play a role in retinal inflamma...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Chen M,Muckersie E,Luo C,Forrester JV,Xu H

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonal deletion, anergy and suppression have all been considered mechanisms of immunological tolerance. Although adoptive transfer of immunosuppression has been shown to occur in the periphery, particularly for transplantation tolerance, it has proven difficult to characterize this phenomenon further, due to the lack ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Teng YT,Gorczynski RM,Iwasaki S,Williams DB,Hozumi N

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thymic medulla is composed of distinct epithelial cell subsets, defined in this report by the reactivity of two novel antibodies, 95 and 29, raised against mouse thymic epithelial cell lines. These antibodies were used to probe the development of medulla in wild-type or mutant thymuses. In CD3 epsilon-deficient mi...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Naspetti M,Aurrand-Lions M,DeKoning J,Malissen M,Galland F,Lo D,Naquet P

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell activation and cytokine secretion are important mediators of inflammation in allergic asthma. The costimulatory pathway CD28/CD80/CD86 has been shown to play an important role in T cell activation in allergic asthma, but less is known about the effect of other costimulatory molecules in allergy. The costimulato...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Arestides RS,He H,Westlake RM,Chen AI,Sharpe AH,Perkins DL,Finn PW

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown, through transfection experiments, that the murine B7 (mB7) molecule, a ligand for the CD28 and CTLA-4 receptors, is a sufficient costimulatory signal for the antigen-specific and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted activation of murine CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition to mB7, ano...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Razi-Wolf Z,Falo LD Jr,Reiser H

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of TCR-pMHC interaction in regulating lung CD8 tissue-resident T cell (TR ) differentiation, polyclonal responses were compared against NP366-374 /Db and PA224-233 /Db , two immunodominant epitopes that arise during influenza A infection in mice. Memory niches distinct from iBALTs develop withi...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Yoshizawa A,Bi K,Keskin DB,Zhang G,Reinhold B,Reinherz EL

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A serological cross-reactivity between env gp120 glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a human cellular surface protein has been defined by a monoclonal antibody (M38) raised against HIV. The cellular antigen is a protein of ca. 80 kDa expressed on a small fraction of mononuclear cells in peripher...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Beretta A,Grassi F,Pelagi M,Clivio A,Parravicini C,Giovinazzo G,Andronico F,Lopalco L,Verani P,Buttò S

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-2 are important lymphoproliferative cytokines which both use the gamma c chain as part of their respective receptors. To learn more of their signaling mechanisms a comparison was made of the patterns of intracellular tyrosine phosphorylated proteins induced by these cytokines in the murine T ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Crawley JB,Willcocks J,Foxwell BM

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of dominant epitopes suppresses generation of CTL activity toward other non-dominant epitopes found on the same antigen-presenting cell (APC). This phenomenon, termed immunodomination, drastically restricts the diversity of the repertoire of CTL responses. Under various experimental conditions we assessed...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Roy-Proulx G,Meunier MC,Lanteigne AM,Brochu S,Perreault C

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells in normal mouse spleen have so far been found to lack conventional cell surface markers. Recently, neuraminidase treatment has been shown to uncover receptors for the A hemagglutinin of the snail Helix pomatia (HP) on populations (preferentially T cells) of human blood lymphocytes. We have us...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Haller O,Gidlund M,Hellström U,Hammarström S,Wigzell H

更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foxp3-expressing Tregs play a non-redundant role in protecting against immune pathologies. Foxp3(+) Tregs can arise intra- and extra-thymically, however, the signals directing their differentiation and maintenance in the periphery are not well understood. We show that stimulation of mouse naïve CD4(+) T cells in vitro...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Gabryšová L,Christensen JR,Wu X,Kissenpfennig A,Malissen B,O'Garra A

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) is an inhibitory receptor expressed by memory T cells and NK cells in man and mice. It is frequently used as a cell differentiation marker and members of the cadherin family are ligands for KLRG1. The present study provides new insights into the interaction of mouse KLRG...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Rosshart S,Hofmann M,Schweier O,Pfaff AK,Yoshimoto K,Takeuchi T,Molnar E,Schamel WW,Pircher H

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-5 is produced by variety of cell types and contributes to both lymphocyte development an eosinophil terminal differentiation in vitro. The coincidence of worm expulsion and eosinophilia in sheep infected with the gastrointestinal nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis suggest that eosinophils may be ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Bao S,McClure SJ,Emery DL,Husband AJ

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-15 is involved in lymphocyte homeostasis. To investigate the role of IL-15 in the skin in vivo, mice were generated that overexpress IL-15 in keratinocytes, resulting in increased IL-15 protein levels in the skin but not elevated IL-15 serum concentrations. Keratin 14 (K14)-IL-15 transgenic (tg) mice showed increas...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Loser K,Mehling A,Apelt J,Ständer S,Andres PG,Reinecker HC,Eing BR,Skryabin BV,Varga G,Schwarz T,Beissert S

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the effect of interferon (IFN)-alpha on the specific anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) response induced by TNP-conjugated polyacrylamide beads in cultures of purified human B cells. IFN-alpha alone had no effect. Interleukin 2 (IL2) alone had a restorative effect which could be considerably (10X) enhanced by I...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Delfraissy JF,Wallon C,Galanaud P

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ig class switch recombination (CSR) is dependent upon the expression of activation-induced deaminase and targeted to specific isotypes by germ-line transcript expression and isotype-specific factors. NF-kappaB plays critical roles in multiple aspects of B cell biology and has been implicated in the mechanism of CSR by...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Wang L,Wuerffel R,Kenter AL

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate malignant lymphomas of donor origin induced in F1 mice undergoing a chronic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) after injection of parental strain spleen cells. A total of 3 X 10(8) or 4 X 10(8) C57BL/10 spleen cells were administered to 7-8-week-old H-2 incompatible (C57BL/10 X ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Gleichmann E,Peters K,Lattmann E,Gleichmann H

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccine efficacy largely depends upon DC targeting and activation. The most potent TLR soluble ligands induce diffuse DC activation, which may be associated with marked pro-inflammatory responses and possibly adverse effects. This raises the concern that effective vaccine adjuvants may similarly rely on widespread DC ...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Kamath AT,Valenti MP,Rochat AF,Agger EM,Lingnau K,von Gabain A,Andersen P,Lambert PH,Siegrist CA

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI), like nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite, have antiviral effects against certain viruses. Hantaviruses, like other members of the Bunyaviridae family, have previously not been shown to be sensitive to RNI. In this study, we compared the effects of NO and peroxynitrite on hantavir...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Klingström J,Akerström S,Hardestam J,Stoltz M,Simon M,Falk KI,Mirazimi A,Rottenberg M,Lundkvist A

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Only activated and effector memory T cells are thought to access non-lymphoid tissues. In contrast, naive T cells are thought to circulate only between the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs. We examined the phenotype of endogenous T cells in various non-lymphoid organs and showed that a subset of cells exhibi...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Cose S,Brammer C,Khanna KM,Masopust D,Lefrançois L

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria are master regulators of metabolism. Mitochondria generate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation using pyruvate (derived from glucose and glycolysis) and fatty acids (FAs), both of which are oxidized in the Krebs cycle, as fuel sources. Mitochondria are also an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Mills EL,O'Neill LA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early-life immune environment has been implicated as a modulator of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) development in children, with infection being associated with significant changes in ALL risk. Furthermore, polymorphisms in several cytokine genes, including IL-10 and IFN-γ, are associated with leukemia develop...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Fidanza M,Seif AE,Jo S,Kariminia A,Rolf N,Sly LM,Grupp SA,Reid GSD

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies in human patients and in laboratory animals have revealed a correlation between serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels and outcome in clinical sepsis and in related animal models, respectively. In the present study, two monoclonal antibodies were used to investigate the contribution of IL-6 in the lethal acti...

journal_title：European journal of immunology

authors： Libert C,Vink A,Coulie P,Brouckaert P,Everaerdt B,Van Snick J,Fiers W

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00