Modifiers of free radicals inhibit in vitro the oncogenic actions of x-rays, bleomycin, and the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.

abstract：:Reverse transcriptase of murine retroviruses is a monomeric protein of approximately 80,000 daltons, which is encoded by the central portion of the viral pol gene. To prepare large quantities of the enzyme, we have constructed gene fusions between the trpE gene and portions of the pol gene of Moloney murine leukemia v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanese N,Roth M,Goff SP

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the discovery of mammalian tribosphenic teeth from the basal Cenomanian of southwestern France that we refer to a new primitive marsupial-like form identified as a basal taxon of Marsupialiformes, a new clade recognized here to include the crown group Marsupialia and primitive stem lineages more closely rela...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vullo R,Gheerbrant E,de Muizon C,Néraudeau D

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of studies have noted that nucleotide substitution rates at the chloroplast-encoded rbcL locus violate the molecular clock principle. Substitution rate variation at this plastid gene is particularly pronounced between palms and grasses; for example, a previous study estimated that substitution rates in rbcL s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gaut BS,Morton BR,McCaig BC,Clegg MT

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A complete experimental format is given for the reconstitution of human hemoglobin from the separated heme-free alpha- and beta-globin chains (alpha degrees, beta degrees) and hemin, by two alternative routes. Based on their oxygen binding properties, the reaction of the ferri-forms with reducing agent, and the respon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yip YK,Waks M,Beychok S

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial transitions represent the highest amplitude climate changes over the last million years. Unraveling the sequence of events and feedbacks at Termination III (T-III), including potential abrupt climate reversals similar to those of the last Termination, has been particularly chal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pérez-Mejías C,Moreno A,Sancho C,Bartolomé M,Stoll H,Cacho I,Cheng H,Edwards RL

更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal human cells whether embryonic, neonatal, or adult are resistant to experimentally induced tumorigenesis in contrast to rodent or chicken cells. We showed previously that neither transformation with simian virus 40 DNA nor transfection with human mutant HRAS DNA immortalized FS-2 cells (diploid, neonatal human f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Brien W,Stenman G,Sager R

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Declining biodiversity and ecosystem functions put many of nature's contributions to people at risk. We review and synthesize the scientific literature to assess 50-y global trends across a broad range of nature's contributions. We distinguish among trends in potential and realized contributions of nature, as well as ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brauman KA,Garibaldi LA,Polasky S,Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y,Brancalion PHS,DeClerck F,Jacob U,Mastrangelo ME,Nkongolo NV,Palang H,Pérez-Méndez N,Shannon LJ,Shrestha UB,Strombom E,Verma M

更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal medullary cells contain high concentrations of myo-inositol, sorbitol, betaine, and glycerophosphocholine, whose levels vary with urinary osmolality. Accumulation of these "compatible" organic osmolytes is believed to help the cells osmoregulate in response to the high extracellular osmolality that occurs as par...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi T,Turner RJ,Burg MB

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unknown whether cross-regulatory interactions between homeotic genes, which have been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of their expression domains during Drosophila development, are also important during mammalian development. We have analyzed here the expression of Hox genes in Hoxa-1 (Hox-1.6...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dollé P,Lufkin T,Krumlauf R,Mark M,Duboule D,Chambon P

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many sources of genetic diversity, ranging from programmed mutagenesis in antibody genes to random mutagenesis during species evolution or development of cancer. We propose that mutations in DNA sequence-specific transcription factors that target response elements (REs) in many genes can also provide for rap...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Resnick MA,Inga A

更新日期：2003-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of full-thickness damage to hyaline cartilage is hampered by the limited availability of autologous healthy cartilage and the lengthy, cost-prohibitive cell isolation and expansion steps associated with autologous cartilage implantation (ACI). Here we report a strategy for de novo engineering of ectopic auto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emans PJ,van Rhijn LW,Welting TJ,Cremers A,Wijnands N,Spaapen F,Voncken JW,Shastri VP

更新日期：2010-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A detailed phenomenology of low energy excitations is a crucial starting point for microscopic understanding of complex materials, such as the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Because of its unique momentum-space discrimination, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is ideally suited for this task...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vishik IM,Hashimoto M,He RH,Lee WS,Schmitt F,Lu D,Moore RG,Zhang C,Meevasana W,Sasagawa T,Uchida S,Fujita K,Ishida S,Ishikado M,Yoshida Y,Eisaki H,Hussain Z,Devereaux TP,Shen ZX

更新日期：2012-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroglobin (Ngb), a vertebrate globin expressed primarily in neurons, is induced by and protects against neuronal hypoxia and cerebral ischemia. To investigate the spectrum and mechanism of Ngb's neuroprotective action, we studied the effect of transgenic overexpression of Ngb on NMDA and beta-amyloid (Abeta) toxicit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khan AA,Mao XO,Banwait S,Jin K,Greenberg DA

更新日期：2007-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory diseases are characterized by dysregulated cytokine production. Altered functions for most risk loci, including the inflammatory bowel disease and leprosy-associated tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) region, are unclear. Regulation of pattern-recognition-receptor (PRR)-induced s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hedl M,Abraham C

更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative stabilities and structural properties of a representative set of 20 ALS-mutant Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase apoproteins were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry and hydrogen-deuterium (H/D) exchange followed by MS. Contrary to recent reports from other laboratories, we found that ALS-mutant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rodriguez JA,Shaw BF,Durazo A,Sohn SH,Doucette PA,Nersissian AM,Faull KF,Eggers DK,Tiwari A,Hayward LJ,Valentine JS

更新日期：2005-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein functions require conformational motions. We show here that the dominant conformational motions are slaved by the hydration shell and the bulk solvent. The protein contributes the structure necessary for function. We formulate a model that is based on experiments, insights from the physics of glass-forming liq...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frauenfelder H,Chen G,Berendzen J,Fenimore PW,Jansson H,McMahon BH,Stroe IR,Swenson J,Young RD

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Reducible compounds that participate in crosslinking were analyzed in hydroxylysine-deficient collagens of patients with a heritable disorder of connective tissue. After treatment with [(3)H]sodium borohydride, new compounds, as well as a totally different pattern of tritiated compounds, were found in hydroxylysine-de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eyre DR,Glimcher MJ

更新日期：1972-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Striking taste disturbances are reported in cancer patients treated with Hedgehog (HH)-pathway inhibitor drugs, including sonidegib (LDE225), which block the HH pathway effector Smoothened (SMO). We tested the potential for molecular, cellular, and functional recovery in mice from the severe disruption of taste-organ ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumari A,Ermilov AN,Grachtchouk M,Dlugosz AA,Allen BL,Bradley RM,Mistretta CM

更新日期：2017-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The human beta(2)-adrenergic receptor gene has multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but the relevance of chromosomally phased SNPs (haplotypes) is not known. The phylogeny and the in vitro and in vivo consequences of variations in the 5' upstream and ORF were delineated in a multiethnic reference populatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Drysdale CM,McGraw DW,Stack CB,Stephens JC,Judson RS,Nandabalan K,Arnold K,Ruano G,Liggett SB

更新日期：2000-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The central nervous system both influences and is influenced by the gastrointestinal system. Most research on this gut-brain connection has focused on how ascending signals from the gut and its microbiome alter brain function. Less attention has focused on how descending signals from the central nervous system alter g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levinthal DJ,Strick PL

更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The effective management of marine fisheries is an ongoing challenge at the intersection of biology, economics, and policy. One way in which fish stocks-and their habitats-can be protected is through the establishment of marine reserves, areas that are closed to fishing. Although the potential economic benefits of suc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herrera GE,Moeller HV,Neubert MG

更新日期：2016-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-27-induced type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells suppress autoimmunity by producing IL-10. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 have been described as key transcription factors that promote IL-10 secretion from Tr1 cells induced by IL-27. However, the molecular pathways for negatively regul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu C,Pot C,Apetoh L,Thalhamer T,Zhu B,Murugaiyan G,Xiao S,Lee Y,Rangachari M,Yosef N,Kuchroo VK

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanism of desensitization of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), the NO receptor, has long remained unresolved. Posttranslational modification and redox state have been postulated to affect sGC sensitivity to NO but evidence has been lacking. We now show that sGC can be S-nitrosylated in primary aortic sm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sayed N,Baskaran P,Ma X,van den Akker F,Beuve A

更新日期：2007-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin provides a classical model of a globular protein, yet how the hormone changes conformation to engage its receptor has long been enigmatic. Interest has focused on the C-terminal B-chain segment, critical for protective self-assembly in β cells and receptor binding at target tissues. Insight may be obtained fro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Menting JG,Yang Y,Chan SJ,Phillips NB,Smith BJ,Whittaker J,Wickramasinghe NP,Whittaker LJ,Pandyarajan V,Wan ZL,Yadav SP,Carroll JM,Strokes N,Roberts CT Jr,Ismail-Beigi F,Milewski W,Steiner DF,Chauhan VS,Ward CW,Weis

更新日期：2014-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological interactions shape adaptations through coevolution not only between pairs of species but also through entire multispecies assemblages. Local coevolution can then be further altered through spatial processes that have been formally partitioned in the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution. A major current c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Medeiros LP,Garcia G,Thompson JN,Guimarães PR Jr

更新日期：2018-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional organization of HLA antigens has been investigated by spectroscopic and immunochemical techniques. Measurement of the circular dichroism shows that in papain-solubilized HLA the heavy chain as well as the previously studied light chain (beta 2-microglobulin) consists predominantly of beta-pleated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lancet D,Parham P,Strominger JL

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat liver membrane adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) that has been stimulated more than 10-fold by cholera toxin (choleragen) has a 3-fold greater sensitivity to stimulation by glucagon. Choleragen similarly increases the sensitivity of cyclase to other peptide (ACTH, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) and nonpeptide (ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bennett V,O'Keefe E,Cuatrecasaş P

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is the most destructive pest of western North American pine forests. Adult males produce frontalin, an eight-carbon antiaggregation pheromone, via the mevalonate pathway, as part of several pheromones that initiate and modulate the mass attack of host trees. F...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keeling CI,Chiu CC,Aw T,Li M,Henderson H,Tittiger C,Weng HB,Blomquist GJ,Bohlmann J

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The neu gene is distantly related to the erbB gene and encodes a cell surface protein that appears to function as a growth factor receptor. To study the mechanisms that caused the conversion of the normal neu gene to an oncogenic allele, we have isolated molecular clones of the neu oncogene as well as a clone of the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hung MC,Schechter AL,Chevray PY,Stern DF,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In classical knot theory and the theory of quantum invariants substantial effort was directed toward the search for unknotting moves on links. We solve, in this article, several classical problems concerning unknotting moves. Our approach uses a concept, Burnside groups of links, that establishes an unexpected relatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dabkowski MK,Przytycki JH

更新日期：2004-12-14 00:00:00