Abstract:
:Earlier work had shown that a collection of anaerobic bacteria, in conjunction with facultative anaerobes, may be implanted into germfree mice, thereby rendering the animals "normal" with respect to a variety of parameters tested. The present experiments indicate that a different collection of anaerobic bacteria, isolated from the cecum of normal mice, was necessary to convert germfree mice to the "normal" state when the animals were fed a crude diet, rather than the refined food which had been used in the earlier work. The nature and level of short-chain fatty acids associated with various natural or synthetic "normal" floras in the ceca of mice did not always correlate with the Escherichia coli population present, indicating that fatty acids were not the sole agents inhibiting bacterial populations in the intestine. Experiments are reported which indicate that intestinal anaerobes may under certain circumstances be sufficient to control the populations of other intestinal bacteria such as E. coli. In other instances, such as control of Shigella populations in the mouse intestine, intestinal anaerobes appeared to act synergistically with an E. coli strain, in spite of the fact that the population of the latter was itself suppressed by the anaerobes.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Freter R,Abrams GDdoi
10.1128/IAI.6.2.119-126.1972subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1972-08-01 00:00:00pages
119-26issue
2eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant clinical problem for many women; however, host susceptibility factors have not been completely defined. The mouse model of induced UTI provides an experimental environment in which to identify specific host characteristics that are important in initial bacter...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.6.2798-2802.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we describe a protocol for purifying Borrelia burgdorferi from feeding ticks by velocity centrifugation and Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The purified spirochetes were motile and 10- to 20-fold purer than the bacteria in crude tick homogenates. The purified bacteria were present in sufficient quantity ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.6.3536-3541.2001
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that both Ixodes scapularis saliva and Borrelia burgdorferi antigens modulated lymphokines and monokines in vitro. The studies presented here were designed to delineate the role of I. scapularis and B. burgdorferi in modulation of the host immune response in vivo. Infestation of C3H/...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.8.3100-3106.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium marinum grows at an optimal temperature of 33 degrees C, far lower than that for M. tuberculosis. Consequently, M. marinum infection of mammals is restricted largely to the cooler surfaces of the body, such as the extremities, but it causes a systemic infection in a large number of poikilothermic animals...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.2.767-773.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serum opacity factor (SOF) of Streptococcus pyogenes is a serotyping tool and pathogenesis factor. Using SOF-coated latex beads in cell adherence assays and antiserum directed against SOF in S. pyogenes-HEp-2 cell adherence inhibition experiments, we demonstrate SOF involvement in the fibronectin-mediated adherenc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.7.4302-4308.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene bank of group A Streptococcus strain Manfredo (M protein serotype 5) was constructed with a bacteriophage lambda vector-Escherichia coli K-12 host system and screened by immunoblotting hybrid phage plaques with antisera raised to purified pep M5 (serotype 5 M protein fragment released from the streptococcal cel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.48.1.190-197.1985
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosoma mansoni eggs produced by adult worms in the mesenteric vasculature become trapped in the liver, where they induce granulomatous lesions and strong immune responses. Infected individuals suffer from intestinal schistosomiasis (INT) in 90% of cases, whereas the remaining 10% present with severe hepatosplenic...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00647-09
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) and J774 cells (murine macrophage cell line) with several enteroaggregative and cytodetaching Escherichia coli (EAggEC and CDEC, respectively) strains demonstrated that some strains could induce macrophage cell death accompanied by release of lactate dehydrogenase...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.8.3918-3924.1998
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental model of "chronic" diphtheria intoxication in the guinea pig was developed. Adult guinea pigs, subjected to a regimen of multiple sublethal doses of purified diphtheria toxin (total of 1.4 minimum lethal doses divided equally in four daily doses), developed a toxemia which terminated in death between 6...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.4.556-560.1973
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An apparent inhibition of induction of mouse hepatic tryptophan oxygenase by endotoxin has been reported previously, as evidenced by low catalytic activity. This could be due either to decreased tryptophan oxygenase levels or to inactivation of existing enzyme molecules. To resolve this question, the enzyme was quanti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.8.4.534-539.1973
更新日期:1973-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous lesions of the human sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease chancroid are characterized by the presence of intraepidermal pustules, keratinocyte cytopathology, and epidermal and dermal erosion. These lesions are replete with neutrophils, macrophages, and CD4(+) T cells and contain very low numbers of cel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.9.4963-4967.1999
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fonsecaea pedrosoi is a fungal pathogen that produces melanin. The functions of melanin and its possible influence in the protective immunological response during infection by F. pedrosoi are not known. In this work, treatment of F. pedrosoi mycelia with proteases and glycosidases followed by a denaturing agent and ho...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.1.229-237.2004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An immunogenic aminopeptidase was purified from Brucella melitensis strain VTRM1. The purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulfate fractionation and three chromatographic steps. This procedure resulted in a yield of 29% and a 144-fold increase in specific activity. The aminopeptidase appeared to be a monomeric...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.5238-5244.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sera from certain animal species contain a substance(s) which binds hepatitis B surface antigen. The hepatitis B binding substance found in animals is not antibody, but appears to be a glycoprotein which reacted with antigen-coated beads and produced a "false positive" test for antibody. This glycoprotein could be sel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.21.3.879-885.1978
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and trachoma biovars of Chlamydia trachomatis exhibit differences in biological properties both in vivo and in vitro. To identify analogous biochemical differences, we studied the molecular charges of chlamydial outer membrane proteins (OMPs) by means of isoelectric focusing and none...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.2.488-494.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have reported that asialo-GM(1), gangliotetraosylceramide, or moieties serve as epithelial cell receptors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Usually this interaction is confirmed with antibodies to asialo-GM(1). However, few, if any, of these reports have evaluated the binding of fresh clinical isolates of P...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.2.719-729.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alveolar bone resorption can be induced in specific-pathogen-free mice by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. J. Baker, R. T. Evans, and D. C. Roopenian, Arch. Oral Biol. 39:1035-1040, 1994). Here we used a mouse strain, C57BL/6J, which is relatively resistant to P. gingivalis-induced bone loss to examine...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3103-3107.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the autotransporter (AT) moniker, AT secretion appears to involve the function of periplasmic chaperones. We identified four periplasmic proteins that specifically bound to plasmid-encoded toxin (Pet), an AT produced by enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC). These proteins include the 17-kDa Skp chaperone ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00167-12
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae accessory colonization factor genes (acfA, B, C, and D) are required for efficient intestinal colonization. Expression of acf genes is under the control of a regulatory cascade that also directs the synthesis of cholera toxin and proteins involved in the biogenesis of the toxin-coregulated pilus. The g...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3289-3298.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural bactericidal resistance to Mycobacterium bovis BCG is under the control of a single gene, designated Bcg. Lung granuloma formation in susceptible (Bcgs) and resistant (Bcgr) mice was studied in two sets of Bcg-congenic systems, namely, the BALB/c (Bcgs)-C.D2 (BALB/c.Bcgr) pair and the B10.A (Bcgs)-B10.Ar (Bcgr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.5.1210-1216.1990
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis 165-9K/129G, which produces a nontoxic form of pertussis toxin (PT), was used to prepare a whole-cell diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine. The in vivo potency and the serological response induced by this vaccine were comparable to those of the conventional DTP vaccine which contains active ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.3.1150-1155.1992
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular response is an essential aspect of an effective immune response to periodontal disease pathogens, as new blood vessel formation contributes to wound healing and inflammation. Gaining a greater understanding of the factors that affect vascular response may then contribute to future breakthroughs in dental medi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01305-15
更新日期:2016-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::A hemolysin that appears to be responsible for the zones of beta-hemolysis surrounding colonies of group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) on blood agar plates has been isolated and partially purified. No soluble hemolysin was detectable in the supernatants of streptococcal cultures grown in several types of m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characteristics of four transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus field strains (Miller, Purdue, Bl, and V203) and four cell culture-attenuated strains (Purdue, SH, CKp, and Bl) were studied to find methods of differentiation between the two groups of viruses. TGE field virus strains did not replicate as well as atten...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.6.1642-1646.1976
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biological response to endotoxin mediated through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MD-2 receptor complex is directly related to lipid A structure or configuration. Endotoxin structure may also influence activation of the MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling pathways of TLR4. To address this possibility, human...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.5.2940-2950.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pretreatment with multiple doses of polymyxin B and colistimethate was evaluated as to its ability to sequester sufficient antibiotic in tissues to neutralize the effects of endotoxin in three animal models. Animals were challenged with endotoxin 24, 48, or 72 h after the last dose of antibiotic when there was minimal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.2.287-292.1974
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis develops as a result of hematogenous dissemination of inhaled Cryptococcus neoformans from the lung to the brain. The mechanism(s) by which C. neoformans crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key unresolved issue in cryptococcosis. We used both an in vivo mouse model and an in vit...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.9.4985-4995.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since we previously observed a remarkable decrease in the numbers of T cells in the Peyer's patches of the small intestines in C57BL/6 mice following peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii, we performed studies to examine the mechanism(s) whereby this decrease in numbers of the T cells occurs. We found that apoptoti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.11.4682-4689.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisera were raised in rabbits with acid-treated Re mutant bacteria from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli and tested in a passive hemolysis assay with di- and monophosphorylated free lipid A of E. coli (LipA-Ac and LipA-HCl, respectively) coated onto sheep erythrocytes. Depending on the acid used to prepare ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.48.3.776-781.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding the 56-kDa protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi Shanxi was amplified by a nested PCR and cloned into the expression vector pQE30. The 56-kDa protein of O. tsutsugamushi Shanxi (Sxh56) was expressed as a fusion protein with the His(6)-binding protein of Escherichia coli by deleting the signal peptide-enc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.8.4772-4779.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00