Abstract:
:Legionella pneumophila multiplied rapidly in guinea pig and rat alveolar macrophages but failed to grow when phagocytic activity was inhibited by pretreatment with 0.5 or 1.0 microgram of cytochalasin D per ml. Attachment was not inhibited by cytochalasin D. No extracellular multiplication occurred when L. pneumophila were in close proximity to viable functional macrophages or even when the bacteria were attached to plasma membranes of the macrophages. Nonopsonized L. pneumophila were avidly phagocytized by alveolar macrophages. When bacteria were centrifuged onto a cell pellet, more than 85% of the phagocytes contained one or more bacteria within 15 min. In contrast, under the same conditions only approximately 15% of the macrophages contained nonopsonized Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. Phagocytosis of L. pneumophila by untreated guinea pig macrophages occurred by extension of pseudopodia around the bacteria in a classical manner. The failure of the bacteria to actively penetrate the phagocyte suggests that their intracellular survival must not depend on avoidance of a phagosome but rather on an inhibition of or resistance to subsequent microbicidal functions of the macrophage.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Elliott JA,Winn WC Jrdoi
10.1128/IAI.51.1.31-36.1986subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
31-6issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tox-+ staphylococcal strains, as opposed to Tox-minus strains, produce epidermal exfoliation within 18 h after direct subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection into newborn mice. The extracellular product responsible for exfoliation is termed exfoliative toxin (ET). When culture supernatant fluid from the plasmid-cure...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.12.1.193-197.1975
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotactic factors derived from complement components have been described. We sought to determine which of these factors accounted for the majority of PMN chemotactic activity in rabbit serum and guinea pig serum treated with preformed immune complexes. Normal rabbit sera...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.1.6.521-525.1970
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective efficacy of antibodies to the Staphylococcus aureus type 5 capsular polysaccharide (CP5) was examined in a modified model of catheter-induced endocarditis. Rats were catheterized by surgically passing a polyethylene catheter through the right carotid artery and aortic valve into the left ventricle. The ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.10.4146-4151.1997
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement is a critical component of antimicrobial immunity. Various complement regulatory proteins prevent host cells from being attacked. Many pathogens have acquired the ability to sequester complement regulators from host plasma to evade complement attack. We describe here how Streptococcus pneumoniae adopts a st...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00742-18
更新日期:2018-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Several pathogenic fungal organisms enter eukaryotic cells and manipulate the host cell environment to favor their own growth and survival. Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprophytic fungus that causes invasive lung disease in the immunocompromised host. To determine whether A. fumigatus could enter eukaryotic cells, we s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.6.3156-3163.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spiroplasmas were propagated in the Drosophila melanogaster cell line Dm-1. Spiroplasma citri and unidentified strains (corn shunt organism, 277F [tick isolate], powder puff, BNR-1, honey bee, and OBMG) grew to 10(8) to 10(9) colony-forming units per ml and could be passaged. Cytopathic effect (CPE) varied with the in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.1.296-304.1982
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibody WM-25 inhibited the in vitro growth of 13 F38 isolates from goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia but not 7 heterologous mycoplasma isolates representing four different species. In contrast to results with polyclonal antisera, growth inhibition by monoclonal antibody WM-25 was specific for ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.12.3219-3220.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides within a relatively impermeable membrane-bound vacuole or is free within the cytoplasm within its host cell is central to an understanding of the immunobiology of this intracellular parasite but is a matter of controversy. To explore this issue, we assessed the a...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.10.5800-5807.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zoopathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum requires iron for growth. Intracellular growth of the fungus within mouse peritoneal macrophages is inhibited by recombinant murine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Such treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages induces a marked downshift in transferrin receptors. We tested...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.7.2274-2278.1991
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free lipid A of Bordetella pertussis, Neisseria meningitidis, and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was prepared by hydrolysis in acetate buffer (pH 4.5); in addition, lipid A from B. pertussis and E. coli was prepared by hydrolysis in mineral acid (HCl). The precipitates obtained were purified by extraction m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.2.465-471.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of heat and chemical inactivation on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of Vibrio cholerae 1418 in rabbits were studied. V. cholerae 1418 was inactivated with heat and chemical inactivants (phenol or Formalin) alone or in combination. Enzyme-linked immunoassay systems employing whole cells of V. cholerae ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.1.21-26.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several bacterial species recruit the complement regulators C4b-binding protein, factor H, and vitronectin, resulting in resistance against the bactericidal activity of human serum. It was recently demonstrated that bacteria also bind plasminogen, which is converted to plasmin that degrades C3b and C5. In this study, ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00310-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia pneumoniae is a human respiratory pathogen. Unlike the other two Chlamydia species, no species-specific antigen has been defined for C. pneumoniae. An immunoreactive clone containing a 0.8-kb fragment was isolated from a C. pneumoniae (AR-39) genomic library by using anti-C. pneumoniae rabbit immune serum. B...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.3.880-886.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altogether 171 serum specimens from 58 patients with heterophil antibody-positive infectious monomucleosis were studied for antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The sera were tested for fluorescent immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM gel-precipitating (GP) and complement-fixing (CF) antibodies to EBV. All 58 pati...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.1.42-51.1975
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inbred BALB/c mice were either immunized with Triton X-100-extracted antigens of blood-stage Plasmodium yoelii or infected with P. yoelii and cured in three successive schedules. Whereas the immunized BALB/c became only partially protected from subsequent challenge infection with blood-stage P. yoelii, the convalescen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.11.3909-3916.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is associated with increased susceptibility to tuberculosis and influenza. However, little information is available on the mechanisms underlying this increased susceptibility. Mice were left unexposed or were exposed to cigarette smoke and then infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by aerosol or influenza A...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00709-10
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results from studies using mice deficient in specific complement factors and clinical data on patients with an inherited deficiency of the classical complement pathway component C2 suggest that the classical pathway is vital for immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the consequences of defects in classical pa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00291-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adherence of invasive Escherichia coli strains 444-3 and 469-3 to human erythrocytes and to cultured HeLa and HEp-2 cells has been examined by electron microscopy. Bacteria elaborating type 1 fimbriae, glycocalyces , and nonfimbrial mannose-resistant hemagglutinins specific for human erythrocytes were identified i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.44.3.599-608.1984
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cell surface of Chlamydia psittaci seems important for establishing infection since (i) UV-treated elementary bodies (EB) attach to and are ingested by L cells and (ii) heat or antibody treatment decreases attachment to L cells and promotes the fusion of chlamydiae-containing phagosomes with lysosomes in macrophag...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.40.2.741-751.1983
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the immunobiological responses to Histoplasma capsulatum in lungs of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) knockout mice (GKO mice). Naive GKO mice succumbed by day 9 to intranasal challenge with 2.5 x 10(6) yeasts, whereas all wild-type (WT) mice survived for 45 days. Compared to lungs of WT mice, the lungs of acu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.7.2564-2569.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Otitis media developed in 67% of chinchillas inoculated intranasally with type 7 Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus. Only 4% of chinchillas inoculated with influenza alone and 21% of chinchillas inoculated with S. pneumoniae alone developed otitis media. Among the chinchillas that developed otitis media af...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recombinant plasmid containing a 6.5-kb fragment of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) chromosomal DNA was shown to confer a hemoglobin-haptoglobin-binding phenotype on Escherichia coli. Use of a mini-Tn10kan transposon for random insertion mutagenesis of this recombinant plasmid allowed localization of the N...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.9.3703-3712.1996
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of the intracellular pathogen Rhodococcus equi to H(2)O(2) treatment, a situation potentially encountered after the oxidative burst of alveolar macrophages, was analyzed. Compared to other bacteria, including Deinococcus radiodurans, R. equi showed exceptionally high resistance to this stress. A proteomic...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.7.3768-3776.2002
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorphenesin (3-p-chlorophenoxy-1,2-propanediol), when injected intravenously together with either of two common bacterial antigens, inhibits the antibody response of the rabbit. The antigens studied are those common to Enterobacteriaceae and to gram-positive bacteria. The immunosuppression is contingent upon incubat...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.2.1.60-64.1970
更新日期:1970-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The invasion of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, Gilliam strain, into guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the localization and distribution of tracers were followed during the process by electron microscopy. The seven tracers used were: cationized ferritin, ferritin, thorium dioxide (ThO2), carbon particles, l...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.30.1.231-243.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have established the importance of neutrophils in innate resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of neutrophils in acquired resistance to L. monocytogenes infection. Previously immunized mice that were depleted of neutrophils by a...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.11.5161-5163.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding the 56-kDa protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi Shanxi was amplified by a nested PCR and cloned into the expression vector pQE30. The 56-kDa protein of O. tsutsugamushi Shanxi (Sxh56) was expressed as a fusion protein with the His(6)-binding protein of Escherichia coli by deleting the signal peptide-enc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.8.4772-4779.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of the innate immune system depends on its ability to mount an appropriate response to diverse infections and damaging agents. Key components of this system are pattern recognition receptors that detect pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs). Nlrp1b is a pattern rec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01003-12
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired erythropoiesis causes anemia during genetic disorders, chronic disease, and infection. In studies of the underlying mechanisms researchers have increasingly focused on gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Here, we identified a previously unrecognized role for interleukin-15 (IL-15) in red blood cell homeostasis and ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01836-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiphagocytic effect of the Staphylococcus aureus capsule is known to be related to its ability to interfere with opsonization by normal human serum. In this study, evidence is presented with isolated cell surface components which indicates that the capsule hinders opsonization by masking cell wall peptidoglycan....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.23.2.502-508.1979
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00