Abstract:
:A panel of 26 mouse-human somatic cell hybrids containing different human chromosome complements was analyzed with a cloned human pepsinogen cDNA probe to determine the chromosomal location and the number of genes encoding these proteins. A complex containing variable numbers of pepsinogen genes was localized to the centromeric region of human chromosome 11 (p11----q13). Examination of somatic cell hybrids containing single copies of chromosome 11 and the corresponding human parental cell lines revealed a restriction fragment length polymorphism determined by pepsinogen haplotypes that contained two or three genes, respectively. Concurrent studies of DNA from individuals exhibiting the most common pepsinogen electrophoretic phenotypes with exon-specific probes demonstrated that the absence of one gene among the different restriction fragment patterns correlated with the absence of one specific isozymogen (Pg 5). Thus, our studies demonstrate that this genetic polymorphism involving intensity variation of individual pepsinogen isozymogens results from chromosome haplotypes that contain different numbers of genes. The regional localization of this polymorphic gene complex will facilitate detailed linkage analysis of human chromosome 11.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Taggart RT,Mohandas TK,Shows TB,Bell GIdoi
10.1073/pnas.82.18.6240subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-09-01 00:00:00pages
6240-4issue
18eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The paucity of integral membrane protein structures creates a major bioinformatics gap, whose origin is the difficulty of crystallizing these detergent-solubilized proteins. The problem is particularly formidable for hetero-oligomeric integral membrane proteins, where crystallization is impeded by the heterogeneity an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0931431100
更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of therapeutic recombinant proteins in medicine has led to a variety of tactics to increase their circulation time or to enable routes of administration other than injection. One clinically successful tactic to improve both protein circulation and delivery is to fuse the Fc domain of IgG to therapeutic ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1208857109
更新日期:2012-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::The adrenergic receptors (ARs) (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. We have previously assigned the genes for ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.4.1516
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amino-terminal sequences of two polypeptides with nonsuppressible insulin-like and cell-growth-promoting activities (NSILA I and II), isolated from human serum, were determined. Of the first 31 residues, 22 are identical in NSILA I and II. Moreover, a striking structural similarity was found between NSILA and insu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.12.4379
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation is the raw material for natural selection, but the factors shaping variation are still poorly understood. Genetic and developmental interactions can direct variation, but there has been little synthesis of these effects with the extrinsic factors that can shape biodiversity over large scales. The study of ph...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1403667112
更新日期:2015-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The venoms from three spider species, Araneus gemma, Neoscona arabesca, and Argiope aurantia, were shown to inhibit the high-affinity, sodium-independent L-glutamate-binding sites in rat brain synaptic membranes. The same three venoms caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the activity of the glutamate-binding g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.17.5571
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been a widely accepted hypothesis that the molecular clock slows down during evolution of higher primates. By molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence comparison of a rhesus macaque alpha-globin gene to its homologs in man, orangutan, olive baboon, and other mammals, we demonstrate a burst of evolution of the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.4.1312
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular and molecular signals involved in axon elongation versus collateral and arbor formation may be intrinsic to developing neurons, or they may derive from targets. To identify signals regulating axon growth modes, we have developed a culture system in which trigeminal ganglion cells are challenged by various tar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7235
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen bonds and their relative strengths in proteins are of importance for understanding protein structure and protein motions. The correct strength of such hydrogen bonds is experimentally known to vary greatly from approximately 5-6 kcal/mol for the isolated bond to approximately 0.5-1.5 kcal/mol for proteins in ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2133366100
更新日期:2003-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid-mediated signaling events regulate many cellular processes. Investigations of the complex underlying mechanisms are difficult because several different methods need to be used under varying conditions. Here we introduce multifunctional lipid derivatives to study lipid metabolism, lipid-protein interactions, and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1611096114
更新日期:2017-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::The dauer larva state and the age-1 mutation, both of which extend life-span in Caenorhabditis elegans, were tested for hyperresistance to cellular damage that may be relevant to aging. The age-1 strain TJ401 displayed hyperresistance to oxidative stress relative to its parental strain. The activities of two enzymes t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.19.8905
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The placenta is essential for the success of therian mammalian reproduction. Intense selective pressure has shaped changes in placental anatomy and function during mammalian cladogenesis. Here we challenge the view that the hemochorial placenta is a derived feature in haplorhine primates. Using phylogenetic and statis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0511344103
更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive studies of memory processes demonstrate that memory for stimuli is a function of how they are encoded; stimuli processed semantically are better remembered than those processed in a perceptual or shallow fashion. This study investigates the neural correlates of this cognitive phenomenon. Twelve subjects perf...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2008
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular form of the Prion protein (PrPC) is necessary for prion replication in mice. To determine whether it is also sufficient, we expressed PrP under the control of various cell- or tissue-specific regulatory elements in PrP knockout mice. The interferon regulatory factor-1 promoter/Emu enhancer led to high PrP...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3987
更新日期:1999-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::The low-energy conformations for a series of peptides based on the sequence of the ras P21 protein from position 55 to position 67 have been computed using conformational energy analysis. These sequences differed at position 61 and contained Gln, Pro, Leu, Lys, and Arg at this position. P21 proteins with Gln, Glu, or ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.23.8375
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Examination of the structural basis for antiviral activity, oral pharmacokinetics, and hepatic metabolism among a series of symmetry-based inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease led to the discovery of ABT-538, a promising experimental drug for the therapeutic intervention in acquired immunodefi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.7.2484
更新日期:1995-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma membrane fractions from Xenopus laevis oocytes were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. We show the existence of numerous Ca2+-activated nonspecific channels that are more permeable to anions. These channels are activated by Ca2+ at micromolar concentration but not by Mg2+, Zn2+, or Mn2+, even at millimola...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.16.5155
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CTCF sites are abundant in the genomes of diverse species but their function is enigmatic. We used chromosome conformation capture to determine long-range interactions among CTCF/cohesin sites over 2 Mb on human chromosome 11 encompassing the beta-globin locus and flanking olfactory receptor genes. Although CTCF occup...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0912087107
更新日期:2010-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::GB virus B (GBV-B), which infects tamarins, is the virus most closely related to hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV has a protein (p7) that is believed to form an ion channel. It is critical for viability. In vitro studies suggest that GBV-B has an analogous but larger protein (p13). We found that substitutions of the -1 an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0511297103
更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Coagulation is an innate defense mechanism intended to limit blood loss and trap invading pathogens during infection. However, Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to hijack the coagulation cascade and generate clots via secretion of coagulases. Although many S. aureus have this characteristic, some do not. The popul...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1804850115
更新日期:2018-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::A diploid strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was found to be heterozygous for two forms of the highly repetitious ribosomal DNA. These forms could be distinguished by the pattern of fragments produced after digestion with the site-specific restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The mode of inheritance of ribosomal DN...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.11.5091
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene EPXH2 encodes for the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), an enzyme involved in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal physiology containing two distinct domains connected via a proline-rich linker. The C-terminal domain containing the EH catalytic activity has been well studied. In contrast, a function for ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0437724100
更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 maturation involves conversion of the immature Gag polyprotein lattice, which lines the inner surface of the viral membrane, to the mature capsid protein (CA) lattice, which encloses the viral RNA. Maturation inhibitors such as bevirimat (BVM) bind within six-helix bundles, formed by a segment that spans the jun...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1917755117
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::All life on Earth is built of organic molecules, so the primordial sources of reduced carbon remain a major open question in studies of the origin of life. A variant of the alkaline-hydrothermal-vent theory for life's emergence suggests that organics could have been produced by the reduction of CO2 via H2 oxidation, f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2002659117
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::A key challenge in ecology is to define species' niches on the basis of functional traits. Size and shape are important determinants of a species' niche but their causal role is often difficult to interpret. For endotherms, size and shape define the thermal niche through their interaction with core temperature, insula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0907321106
更新日期:2009-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying olfaction in insects. Because of the diverse nature of the gene families involved, this process has largely relied on genomic data. As a consequence, studies have focused on a small subset of species with extensiv...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1017963108
更新日期:2011-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::Online education is rapidly expanding in response to rising demand for higher and continuing education, but many online students struggle to achieve their educational goals. Several behavioral science interventions have shown promise in raising student persistence and completion rates in a handful of courses, but evid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1921417117
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::p300 acetylates and activates the tumor suppressor p53 after DNA damage. Here, we show that MDM2, a negative-feedback regulator of p53, inhibited p300-mediated p53 acetylation by complexing with these two proteins. First, we purified a p300-MDM2-p53 protein complex from HeLa nuclear extracts, which was inactive in p53...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.23.12547
更新日期:2000-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::A topological model of the DNA binding site for the cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) is presented. A consensus sequence drawn from the known CRP binding sites has several symmetrical subregions that are spatially resolved onto different faces of the DNA helix. Consideration of available biochemical and genetic data s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.4.2213
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a fundamental technological advance for multilayer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidics. Vertical passages (vias), connecting channels located in different layers, are fabricated monolithically, in parallel, by simple and easy means. The resulting 3D connectivity greatly expands the potential complex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0602890103
更新日期:2006-08-15 00:00:00