Abstract：
:The venoms from three spider species, Araneus gemma, Neoscona arabesca, and Argiope aurantia, were shown to inhibit the high-affinity, sodium-independent L-glutamate-binding sites in rat brain synaptic membranes. The same three venoms caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the activity of the glutamate-binding glycoprotein purified from rat brain synaptic membranes. The venom milked from the glands of Araneus gemma was the most active inhibitor of L-glutamate binding, causing 60-80% inhibition of both synaptic membrane and purified protein binding activity at 0.01 unit. The inhibitory activity of this venom was associated with a single protein peak obtained from gel permeation chromatography of the venom. Finally, the effect of the venom from Araneus gemma on the synaptic membrane glutamate-binding sites was slowly reversible. These observations indicate that the spider venoms have a direct effect on the recognition sites for L-glutamic acid in brain synaptic membranes and that these sites are related to the physiologic glutamate receptors.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Michaelis EK,Galton N,Early SLdoi
10.1073/pnas.81.17.5571subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-01 00:00:00pages
5571-4issue
17eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To identify mannosyl (Man)-containing intermediates of the human glycoinositol phospholipid (GPI) anchor pathway and examine their expression in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), mannolipid products deriving from in vitro guanosine diphosphate [3H]Man labeling of HeLa cell microsomes were characterized. The d...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.89.13.6025
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-type Ca(2+) channels play a critical role in regulating Ca(2+)-dependent signaling in cardiac myocytes, including excitation-contraction coupling; however, the subcellular localization of cardiac L-type Ca(2+) channels and their regulation are incompletely understood. Caveolae are specialized microdomains of the pla...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0503465103
更新日期：2006-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The multisubunit enzyme aspartate transcarbamylase consists of six copies of two types of polypeptide chains, catalytic (C) and regulatory (R). A complex formed by the partial dissociation of this enzyme has been isolated. This species, which has the structure C(6)R(4), is a likely intermediate in the stepwise dissoci...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.71.4.1351
更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ca(2+) is known to have important roles in sperm chemotaxis, although the relationship between intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and modulation of the swimming and chemotactic behavior of spermatozoa has not been elucidated. Using a high-speed Ca(2+) imaging system, we examined the chemotactic behavior ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0808580105
更新日期：2008-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Femtosecond and subfemtosecond time scales typically rule electron dynamics at metal surfaces. Recent advance in experimental techniques permits now remarkable precision in the description of these processes. In particular, shorter time scales, smaller system sizes, and spin-dependent effects are current targets of in...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1008517107
更新日期：2011-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombin induces platelet aggregation and formation of a fibrin clot in platelet-rich plasma; leupeptin, a protease inhibitor, partially inhibits platelet aggregation, but it does not inhibit fibrin clot formation. Indomethacin does not inhibit either thrombin-induced platelet aggregation or fibrin clot formation. How...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.83.10.3456
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional digital computers can execute advanced operations by a sequence of elementary Boolean functions of 2 or more bits. As a result, complicated tasks such as solving a linear system or solving a differential equation require a large number of computing steps and an extensive use of memory units to store indiv...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1815682116
更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:A molecular recognition code has been hypothesized to exist in which ligands and their binding sites are encoded on complementary segments of genomic DNA. We have tested this hypothesis by generating a rabbit antibody to a synthetic decapeptide (complementary peptide) encoded by an RNA complementary to the mRNA for lu...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.83.24.9714
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spatial structure of genetic diversity underlying social variation is a critical determinant of how cooperation and conflict evolve. Here we investigated whether natural social groups of the cooperative soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus harbor internal genetic and phenotypic variation and thus the potential for so...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1100307108
更新日期：2011-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Noniridescent coloration by the spongy keratin in parrot feather barbs has fascinated scientists. Nonetheless, its ultimate origin remains as yet unanswered, and a quantitative structural and optical description is still lacking. Here we report on structural and optical characterizations and numerical simulations of t...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1204383109
更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Subcortical structures play a critical role in brain function. However, options for assessing electrophysiological activity in these structures are limited. Electromagnetic fields generated by neuronal activity in subcortical structures can be recorded noninvasively, using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencep...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1705414114
更新日期：2017-11-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Much discussion has occurred in recent years on whether observed patterns of structure in island bird communities are the result of competitive interactions among species or independent rates of colonization and extinction. Here two patterns of structure are presented for birds on 12 West Indian islands. Each of four ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.79.5.1563
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maintenance of genome stability is essential for the accurate propagation of genetic information and cell growth and survival. Organisms have therefore developed efficient strategies to prevent DNA lesions and rearrangements. Much of the information concerning these strategies has been obtained through the study of ba...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0901710106
更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern functional imaging techniques of the brain measure local hemodynamic responses evoked by neuronal activity. Capillary pericytes recently were suggested to mediate neurovascular coupling in brain slices, but their role in vivo remains unexplored. We used two-photon microscopy to study in real time pericytes and ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1011321108
更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an endogenous peptide ligand of GPR103 from rat brains. The purified peptide was found to be the 43-residue RF-amide peptide QRFP. We also describe two mouse homologues of human GPR103, termed mouse GPR103A and GPR103B. QRFP binds and activates the human GPR103, as...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0602371103
更新日期：2006-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:In many human cancers, tumor-specific chromosomal rearrangements are known to create chimeric products with the ability to transform cells. The EWS/WT1 protein is such a fusion product, resulting from a t(11;22) chromosomal translocation in desmoplastic small round cell tumors, where 265 aa from the EWS amino terminus...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.96.25.14300
更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The unique specificity of monoclonal antibodies (Ab) was combined with the cell-killing function of the cytolytic alternative pathway of complement. The functionally C3b-like glycoprotein of cobra venom was linked to a murine monoclonal Ab directed to a human melanoma-associated antigen by a disulfide bond, by using a...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.78.12.7707
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-actinin-4 is a widely expressed protein that employs an actin-binding site with two calponin homology domains to crosslink actin filaments (F-actin) in a Ca(2+)-sensitive manner in vitro. An inherited, late-onset form of kidney failure is caused by point mutations in the alpha-actinin-4 actin-binding domain. Her...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0702451104
更新日期：2007-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:By using a combination of genetic, pharmacological, and anatomical approaches, we show that the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), implicated in the control of food intake and energy expenditure, also modulates erectile function and sexual behavior. Evidence supporting this notion is based on several findings: (i) a high...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.172378699
更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The human carcinogen vinyl chloride is metabolized in the liver to reactive intermediates which form N2,3-ethenoguanine in DNA. N2,3-Ethenoguanine is known to cause G----A transitions during DNA replication in Escherichia coli, and its formation may be a carcinogenic event in higher organisms. To investigate the repai...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.89.19.9331
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A critical step in the induction of apoptosis is the activation of the apoptotic initiator caspase 9. We show that at its normal physiological concentration, caspase 9 is primarily an inactive monomer (zymogen), and that activity is associated with a dimeric species. At the high concentrations used for crystal formati...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.231465798
更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are central mediators of cardiac hypertrophy and are discussed as potential therapeutic targets. However, direct inhibition of ERK1/2 leads to exacerbated cardiomyocyte death and impaired heart function. We have previously identified ERK(Thr188) autophosphorylati...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1221999110
更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The polyhedral borane ion [n-B20H18]2- reacts with liquid ammonia in the presence of a suitable base to produce an apical-equatorial (ae) isomer of the [B20H17NH3]3- ion, [1-(2'-B10H9)-2-NH3B10H8]3-. The structure of this product has been confirmed by 11B NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography. This species underg...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.91.8.3029
更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocean acidification represents a key threat to coral reefs by reducing the calcification rate of framework builders. In addition, acidification is likely to affect the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and the productivity of this association. However, little is known about how acidificat...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0804478105
更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The four principal gut epithelial cell lineages undergo continuous and rapid renewal during a geographically well-organized migration along the crypt-to-villus axis. The molecules that regulate their proliferation and differentiation programs are largely unknown. The large tumor antigen (TAg) of wild-type (wt) simian ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.91.15.6914
更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a hypothesis that dangerous diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob, Alzheimer's, fatal familial insomnia, and several others are induced by propagation of wrong or misfolded conformations of some vital proteins. If for some reason the misfolded conformations were acquired by many...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0409389102
更新日期：2005-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased accumulation of lipofuscin in cells of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is seen in several forms of macular degeneration, a common cause of blindness in humans. A major fluorophore of lipofuscin is the toxic bis-retinoid, N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E). Previously, we generated mice with a kn...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.130110497
更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The exopolysaccharide alginate is a major virulence factor in the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Alginate synthesis by P. aeruginosa is believed to occur in response to environmental signals present in the CF lung. Transcription of a critical alginate bios...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.89.7.2659
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A discussion of the range of applicability of Forster long-range energy transfer in the determination of macromolecular dimensions and conformational dynamics is given. Emphasis is laid on the effect of restrictions in the orientational freedom of donor and acceptor and on the importance of the orientational averaging...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.73.2.271
更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heme oxygenase (decyclizing) [heme,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (alpha-methene-oxidizing, hydroxylating), EC 1.14.99.3] is greatly induced in the kidney by the administration of nickel or tin. Manganese, when administered simultaneously with nickel or tin in an equimolar amount, substantially inhibited the ind...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.76.10.5331
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
