Should a viral genome stay in the host cell or leave? A quantitative dynamics study of how hepatitis C virus deals with this dilemma.

abstract：:Changes to the structure of nodes of Ranvier in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of multiple sclerosis (MS) brains are associated with chronic inflammation. We show that the paranodal domains in MS NAWM are longer on average than control, with Kv1.2 channels dislocated into the paranode. These pathological fea...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Gallego-Delgado P,James R,Browne E,Meng J,Umashankar S,Tan L,Picon C,Mazarakis ND,Faisal AA,Howell OW,Reynolds R

更新日期：2020-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Instead of combating the acidification of the host cell vacuole, Salmonella acidifies its own cytoplasm in response to the low extracellular pH, helping it to secrete effector molecules. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Richardson LA

更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:How often do people visit the world's protected areas (PAs)? Despite PAs covering one-eighth of the land and being a major focus of nature-based recreation and tourism, we don't know. To address this, we compiled a globally-representative database of visits to PAs and built region-specific models predicting visit rate...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Balmford A,Green JM,Anderson M,Beresford J,Huang C,Naidoo R,Walpole M,Manica A

更新日期：2015-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B)/p27, previously known as a cell cycle inhibitor, is also localized within mitochondria. The migratory capacity of endothelial cells, which need intact mitochondria, is completely dependent on mitochondrial p27. Mitochondrial p27 improves mitochondrial memb...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ale-Agha N,Goy C,Jakobs P,Spyridopoulos I,Gonnissen S,Dyballa-Rukes N,Aufenvenne K,von Ameln F,Zurek M,Spannbrucker T,Eckermann O,Jakob S,Gorressen S,Abrams M,Grandoch M,Fischer JW,Köhrer K,Deenen R,Unfried K,Altsch

更新日期：2018-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The wing of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, with its simple, two-dimensional structure, is a model organ well suited for a systems biology approach. The wing arises from an epithelial sac referred to as the wing imaginal disc, which undergoes a phase of massive growth and concomitant patterning during larval s...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Hamaratoglu F,de Lachapelle AM,Pyrowolakis G,Bergmann S,Affolter M

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern whole-organism genome analysis, in combination with biomass estimates, allows us to estimate a lower bound on the total information content in the biosphere: 5.3 × 1031 (±3.6 × 1031) megabases (Mb) of DNA. Given conservative estimates regarding DNA transcription rates, this information content suggests biospher...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Landenmark HK,Forgan DH,Cockell CS

更新日期：2015-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last decades, researchers have characterized a set of "clock genes" that drive daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. This arduous work has yielded results with far-reaching consequences in metabolic, psychiatric, and neoplastic disorders. Recent attempts to expand our understanding of circadian regulation...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Anafi RC,Lee Y,Sato TK,Venkataraman A,Ramanathan C,Kavakli IH,Hughes ME,Baggs JE,Growe J,Liu AC,Kim J,Hogenesch JB

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to constitute a key mechanism for modifying functional properties of neuronal networks. This belief implicitly implies, however, that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics by physiologically relevant stimuli, will maintain these characteristics over time. How ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Minerbi A,Kahana R,Goldfeld L,Kaufman M,Marom S,Ziv NE

更新日期：2009-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The most common form of human autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (AD-HSP) is caused by mutations in the SPG4 (spastin) gene, which encodes an AAA ATPase closely related in sequence to the microtubule-severing protein Katanin. Patients with AD-HSP exhibit degeneration of the distal regions of the longest ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Sherwood NT,Sun Q,Xue M,Zhang B,Zinn K

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the major challenges of functional genomics is to unravel the connection between genotype and phenotype. So far no global analysis has attempted to explore those connections in the light of the large phenotypic variability seen in nature. Here, we use an unsupervised, systematic approach for associating genes a...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Korbel JO,Doerks T,Jensen LJ,Perez-Iratxeta C,Kaczanowski S,Hooper SD,Andrade MA,Bork P

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 3 decades, in a series of studies on some of the most extensively studied toxic chemicals and pollutants, scientists have found that the amount of toxic chemical linked with the development of a disease or death-which is central to determining "safe" or "hazardous" levels-is proportionately greater at th...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Lanphear BP

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In a world beset by attempts to undermine scientific evidence and evidence-based policy, we emphasize their important role in helping humanity rise to the challenges of our time. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pariente N,PLOS Biology Staff Editors.

更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The COVID-19 pandemic has motivated many open and collaborative analytical research projects with real-world impact. However, despite their value, such activities are generally overlooked by traditional academic metrics. Science is ultimately improved by analytical work, whether ensuring reproducible and well-document...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Kucharski AJ,Funk S,Eggo RM

更新日期：2020-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Negative regulation of receptor signaling is essential for controlling cell activation and differentiation. In B-lymphocytes, the down-regulation of B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling is critical for suppressing the activation of self-reactive B cells; however, the mechanism underlying the negative regulation of ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Liu C,Bai X,Wu J,Sharma S,Upadhyaya A,Dahlberg CI,Westerberg LS,Snapper SB,Zhao X,Song W

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Why do we sleep? The sleep patterns and mechanisms that occur throughout development may give us a clue. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Siegel JM

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Creating artificial protein families affords new opportunities to explore the determinants of structure and biological function free from many of the constraints of natural selection. We have created an artificial family comprising 3,000 P450 heme proteins that correctly fold and incorporate a heme cofactor by recombi...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Otey CR,Landwehr M,Endelman JB,Hiraga K,Bloom JD,Arnold FH

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms by which floral homeotic genes act as major developmental switches to specify the identity of floral organs are still largely unknown. Floral homeotic genes encode transcription factors of the MADS-box family, which are supposed to assemble in a combinatorial fashion into organ-specific multim...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Kaufmann K,Muiño JM,Jauregui R,Airoldi CA,Smaczniak C,Krajewski P,Angenent GC

更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:From early dinosaurs with as many as nine wrist bones, modern birds evolved to develop only four ossifications. Their identity is uncertain, with different labels used in palaeontology and developmental biology. We examined embryos of several species and studied chicken embryos in detail through a new technique allowi...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Botelho JF,Ossa-Fuentes L,Soto-Acuña S,Smith-Paredes D,Nuñez-León D,Salinas-Saavedra M,Ruiz-Flores M,Vargas AO

更新日期：2014-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny of related host species. Here, we test the prevalence of phylosymbiosis and its functional significance under highly controlled conditions b...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Brooks AW,Kohl KD,Brucker RM,van Opstal EJ,Bordenstein SR

更新日期：2016-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The p75 neurotrophin receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is required as a co-receptor for the Nogo receptor (NgR) to mediate the activity of myelin-associated inhibitors such as Nogo, MAG, and OMgp. p45/NRH2/PLAIDD is a p75 homologue and contains a death domain (DD). Here we report th...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Vilar M,Sung TC,Chen Z,García-Carpio I,Fernandez EM,Xu J,Riek R,Lee KF

更新日期：2014-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) is a method to inhibit gene function by introduction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Recently, an RNAi library was constructed that consists of bacterial clones expressing dsRNA, corresponding to nearly 90% of the 19,427 predicted genes of C. elegans. Feeding of this RNAi library to th...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Simmer F,Moorman C,van der Linden AM,Kuijk E,van den Berghe PV,Kamath RS,Fraser AG,Ahringer J,Plasterk RH

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The small GTPase Rab5 is a key regulator of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. On early endosomes, within a spatially restricted domain enriched in phosphatydilinositol-3-phosphate [PI(3)P], Rab5 coordinates a complex network of effectors that functionally cooperate in membrane tethering, fusion, and organelle motility. H...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Schnatwinkel C,Christoforidis S,Lindsay MR,Uttenweiler-Joseph S,Wilm M,Parton RG,Zerial M

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DEAD-box helicase proteins accelerate folding and rearrangements of highly structured RNAs and RNA-protein complexes (RNPs) in many essential cellular processes. Although DEAD-box proteins have been shown to use ATP to unwind short RNA helices, it is not known how they disrupt RNA tertiary structure. Here, we use sing...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pan C,Potratz JP,Cannon B,Simpson ZB,Ziehr JL,Tijerina P,Russell R

更新日期：2014-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is the most prevalent intermediate on the oxidative DNA demethylation pathway and is implicated in regulation of embryogenesis, neurological processes, and cancerogenesis. Profiling of this relatively scarce genomic modification in clinical samples requires cost-effective high-resolution...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Gibas P,Narmontė M,Staševskij Z,Gordevičius J,Klimašauskas S,Kriukienė E

更新日期：2020-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate to L-homocysteine (Hcy) without using an intermediate methyl carrier. Although MetE displays no detectable sequence homology with cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (MetH), both enzymes require zi...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pejchal R,Ludwig ML

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The causes and mechanisms of evolutionary diversification are central issues in biology. Geographic isolation is the traditional explanation for diversification, but recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that frequency-dependent selection can drive diversification without isolation and that adaptive dive...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Herron MD,Doebeli M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prospects for the success of malaria control depend, in part, on the basic reproductive number for malaria, R0. Here, we estimate R0 in a novel way for 121 African populations, and thereby increase the number of R0 estimates for malaria by an order of magnitude. The estimates range from around one to more than 3,0...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Smith DL,McKenzie FE,Snow RW,Hay SI

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do we defend ourselves against pathogenic microbes and other parasites infecting us? Research on defence against parasites has traditionally focused on resistance--the ability to prevent infection or limit parasite replication. The genetics, physiology, and evolutionary ecology of such traits are now relatively we...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Råberg L

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The most consistent result in more than two decades of experimental evolution is that the fitness of populations adapting to a constant environment does not increase indefinitely, but reaches a plateau. Using experimental evolution with bacteriophage, we show here that the converse is also true. In populations small e...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Silander OK,Tenaillon O,Chao L

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensors stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and STIM2, which connect ER Ca2+ depletion with extracellular Ca2+ influx, are crucial for the maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in mammalian cells. Despite the recent progress in unraveling the role of STIM2 in Ca2+ signaling, the mechan...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Zheng S,Ma G,He L,Zhang T,Li J,Yuan X,Nguyen NT,Huang Y,Zhang X,Gao P,Nwokonko R,Gill DL,Dong H,Zhou Y,Wang Y

更新日期：2018-11-16 00:00:00