Publisher Correction: Chemical gradients in human enamel crystallites.

abstract：:Organisms use endogenous clocks to anticipate regular environmental cycles, such as days and tides. Natural variants resulting in differently timed behaviour or physiology, known as chronotypes in humans, have not been well characterized at the molecular level. We sequenced the genome of Clunio marinus, a marine midge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kaiser TS,Poehn B,Szkiba D,Preussner M,Sedlazeck FJ,Zrim A,Neumann T,Nguyen LT,Betancourt AJ,Hummel T,Vogel H,Dorner S,Heyd F,von Haeseler A,Tessmar-Raible K

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-standing goal of artificial intelligence is an algorithm that learns, tabula rasa, superhuman proficiency in challenging domains. Recently, AlphaGo became the first program to defeat a world champion in the game of Go. The tree search in AlphaGo evaluated positions and selected moves using deep neural networks....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Silver D,Schrittwieser J,Simonyan K,Antonoglou I,Huang A,Guez A,Hubert T,Baker L,Lai M,Bolton A,Chen Y,Lillicrap T,Hui F,Sifre L,van den Driessche G,Graepel T,Hassabis D

更新日期：2017-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules bind immunogenic peptides and present them to lymphocytes bearing the alpha beta T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). An analogous antigen-presenting function also has been proposed for the non-MHC-encoded CD1 molecules, a family of non-polymorphic, beta ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beckman EM,Porcelli SA,Morita CT,Behar SM,Furlong ST,Brenner MB

更新日期：1994-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:IN 1969, Murozumi et al.1 demonstrated that the concentration of lead in Greenland snow had increased by a factor of 200 since ancient times, and concluded that most of this increase was a result of the use of alkyl-leaded petrol. Partly because of these findings, the United States and other western countries limited ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rosman KJR,Chisholm W,Boutron CF,Candelone JP,Görlach U

更新日期：1993-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single-stranded RNA viruses encompass broad classes of infectious agents and cause the common cold, cancer, AIDS and other serious health threats. Viral replication is regulated at many levels, including the use of conserved genomic RNA structures. Most potential regulatory elements in viral RNA genomes are uncharacte...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Watts JM,Dang KK,Gorelick RJ,Leonard CW,Bess JW Jr,Swanstrom R,Burch CL,Weeks KM

更新日期：2009-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is caused by a defined genetic abnormality that generates BCR-ABL, a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. It is widely believed that BCR-ABL activates Akt signalling that suppresses the forkhead O transcription factors (FOXO), supporting the proliferation or inhibiting the apoptosis o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Naka K,Hoshii T,Muraguchi T,Tadokoro Y,Ooshio T,Kondo Y,Nakao S,Motoyama N,Hirao A

更新日期：2010-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Mountain glaciers and ice caps are contributing significantly to present rates of sea level rise and will continue to do so over the next century and beyond. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago, located off the northwestern shore of Greenland, contains one-third of the global volume of land ice outside the ice sheets, but...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gardner AS,Moholdt G,Wouters B,Wolken GJ,Burgess DO,Sharp MJ,Cogley JG,Braun C,Labine C

更新日期：2011-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of viscid silk in aerial webs as a means to capture prey was a key innovation of araneoid spiders and has contributed largely to their ecological success. Here I describe a single silk thread from a spider's web that bears glue droplets and has been preserved in Lebanese amber from the Early Cretaceous period ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zschokke S

更新日期：2003-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Translation initiation determines both the quantity and identity of the protein that is encoded in an mRNA by establishing the reading frame for protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, numerous translation initiation factors prepare ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis; however, the underlying dynamics of this process ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang J,Johnson AG,Lapointe CP,Choi J,Prabhakar A,Chen DH,Petrov AN,Puglisi JD

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) locus has been localized to the short arm of the human X chromosome (Xp21) by detection of structural abnormalities and by genetic linkage studies. A library highly enriched for human DNA from Xp21 was constructed using DNA isolated from a male patient who had a visible deletion a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Monaco AP,Bertelson CJ,Middlesworth W,Colletti CA,Aldridge J,Fischbeck KH,Bartlett R,Pericak-Vance MA,Roses AD,Kunkel LM

更新日期：1985-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In vertebrates, unfertilized eggs (or mature oocytes) are arrested at metaphase of meiosis II by a cytoplasmic activity called cytostatic factor (CSF). The classical Mos-MAPK pathway has long been implicated in CSF arrest of vertebrate eggs, but exactly how it exerts CSF activity remains unclear. Recently, Erp1 (also ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Inoue D,Ohe M,Kanemori Y,Nobui T,Sagata N

更新日期：2007-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidoglycan (PG), an essential structure in the cell walls of the vast majority of bacteria, is critical for division and maintaining cell shape and hydrostatic pressure. Bacteria comprising the Chlamydiales were thought to be one of the few exceptions. Chlamydia harbour genes for PG biosynthesis and exhibit suscept...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liechti GW,Kuru E,Hall E,Kalinda A,Brun YV,VanNieuwenhze M,Maurelli AT

更新日期：2014-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The widespread reorganization of cellular architecture in mitosis is achieved through extensive protein phosphorylation, driven by the coordinated activation of a mitotic kinase network and repression of counteracting phosphatases. Phosphatase activity must subsequently be restored to promote mitotic exit. Although Cd...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Grallert A,Boke E,Hagting A,Hodgson B,Connolly Y,Griffiths JR,Smith DL,Pines J,Hagan IM

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis involve the progressive and inexorable destruction of oxygen exchange surfaces and airways, and have emerged as a leading cause of death worldwide. Mitigating therapies, aside from impractical organ transplantation, remain limited and t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zuo W,Zhang T,Wu DZ,Guan SP,Liew AA,Yamamoto Y,Wang X,Lim SJ,Vincent M,Lessard M,Crum CP,Xian W,McKeon F

更新日期：2015-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunization of male and female animals with extracts of whole sperm cells is known to cause infertility. Also, men and women who spontaneously produce antisperm antibodies are infertile but otherwise healthy. Although the critical sperm antigens are unknown, these observations have led to the proposal that sperm prot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Primakoff P,Lathrop W,Woolman L,Cowan A,Myles D

更新日期：1988-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Slower recovery from perturbations near a tipping point and its indirect signatures in fluctuation patterns have been suggested to foreshadow catastrophes in a wide variety of systems. Recent studies of populations in the field and in the laboratory have used time-series data to confirm some of the theoretically predi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dai L,Korolev KS,Gore J

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Deposition of amyoid-beta peptide in the central nervous system is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and a possible cause of neurodegeneration. The factors that initiate or promote deposition of amyloid-beta peptide are not known. The transforming growth factor TGF-beta1 plays a central role in the response of the bra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wyss-Coray T,Masliah E,Mallory M,McConlogue L,Johnson-Wood K,Lin C,Mucke L

更新日期：1997-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid have recently been shown to modulate the activity of ion channels in nerve and muscle cells. The mechanism of action of these metabolites is, however, unknown. In sensory neurons of Aplysia, the S-K- channel is under the dual modulatory control of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Buttner N,Siegelbaum SA,Volterra A

更新日期：1989-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The carotid body type I cell contains amines and has features, both morphological and cytochemical, which indicate that it may also produce a peptide. Many regulatory peptides are now known to be present in both central and peripheral tissues. In the periphery these neuropeptides occur in both classical endocrine (APU...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wharton J,Polak JM,Pearse AG,McGregor GP,Bryant MG,Bloom SR,Emson PC,Bisgard GE,Will JA

更新日期：1980-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The cartilage and skin of animals, which are made up of more than fifty per cent water, are rather stiff (having elastic moduli of up to 100 megapascals) as well as tough and hard to break (with fracture energies of up to 9,000 joules per square metre). Such features make these biological materials mechanically superi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rauner N,Meuris M,Zoric M,Tiller JC

更新日期：2017-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonal tumours with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs) are aggressive paediatric embryonal brain tumours with a universally poor prognosis1. Here we collected 193 primary ETMRs and 23 matched relapse samples to investigate the genomic landscape of this distinct tumour type. We found that patients with tumours in which t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lambo S,Gröbner SN,Rausch T,Waszak SM,Schmidt C,Gorthi A,Romero JC,Mauermann M,Brabetz S,Krausert S,Buchhalter I,Koster J,Zwijnenburg DA,Sill M,Hübner JM,Mack N,Schwalm B,Ryzhova M,Hovestadt V,Papillon-Cavanagh S,

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plate tectonics successfully describes the surface of Earth as a mosaic of moving lithospheric plates. But it is not clear what happens at the base of the plates, the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB). The LAB has been well imaged with converted teleseismic waves, whose 10-40-kilometre wavelength controls the s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stern TA,Henrys SA,Okaya D,Louie JN,Savage MK,Lamb S,Sato H,Sutherland R,Iwasaki T

更新日期：2015-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The verification of nuclear warheads for arms control involves a paradox: international inspectors will have to gain high confidence in the authenticity of submitted items while learning nothing about them. Proposed inspection systems featuring 'information barriers', designed to hide measurements stored in electronic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Glaser A,Barak B,Goldston RJ

更新日期：2014-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrathin ferroelectric materials could potentially enable low-power perovskite ferroelectric tetragonality logic and nonvolatile memories1,2. As ferroelectric materials are made thinner, however, the ferroelectricity is usually suppressed. Size effects in ferroelectrics have been thoroughly investigated in perovskite...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cheema SS,Kwon D,Shanker N,Dos Reis R,Hsu SL,Xiao J,Zhang H,Wagner R,Datar A,McCarter MR,Serrao CR,Yadav AK,Karbasian G,Hsu CH,Tan AJ,Wang LC,Thakare V,Zhang X,Mehta A,Karapetrova E,Chopdekar RV,Shafer P,Arenh

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcriptional underpinnings of brain development remain poorly understood, particularly in humans and closely related non-human primates. We describe a high-resolution transcriptional atlas of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) brain development that combines dense temporal sampling of prenatal and postnatal periods...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bakken TE,Miller JA,Ding SL,Sunkin SM,Smith KA,Ng L,Szafer A,Dalley RA,Royall JJ,Lemon T,Shapouri S,Aiona K,Arnold J,Bennett JL,Bertagnolli D,Bickley K,Boe A,Brouner K,Butler S,Byrnes E,Caldejon S,Carey A,Cate

更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The ice-rich surface of the jovian satellite Europa is sparsely cratered, suggesting that this moon might be geologically active today. Moreover, models of the satellite's interior indicate that tidal interactions with Jupiter might produce enough heat to maintain a subsurface liquid water layer. But the mechanisms of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pappalardo RT,Head JW,Greeley R,Sullivan RJ,Pilcher C,Schubert G,Moore WB,Carr MH,Moore JM,Belton MJ,Goldsby DL

更新日期：1998-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discoveries of RNA interference and related RNA silencing pathways have revolutionized our understanding of gene regulation. RNA interference has been used as a research tool to control the expression of specific genes in numerous experimental organisms and has potential as a therapeutic strategy to reduce ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mello CC,Conte D Jr

更新日期：2004-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Juxtaposition between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria is a common structural feature, providing the physical basis for intercommunication during Ca(2+) signalling; yet, the molecular mechanisms controlling this interaction are unknown. Here we show that mitofusin 2, a mitochondrial dynamin-related protein ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： de Brito OM,Scorrano L

更新日期：2008-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other neurotrophins have a vital role in the development of the rat and mouse nervous system by influencing the expression of many specific genes that promote differentiation, cell survival, synapse formation and, later, synaptic plasticity. Although nitric oxide (NO) is kn...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nott A,Watson PM,Robinson JD,Crepaldi L,Riccio A

更新日期：2008-09-18 00:00:00