Abstract：
:Graphite pencil stroked electrodes for paper-based Microfluidic devices are gaining immense attention due to their electrochemical properties, cost efficiency, and ease-of-use. However, their widespread use has been hindered by the challenges associated with their manual fabrication such as non-uniformity in graphite deposition, applied pressure, etc. This work presents the design and development of an automated graphite pencil stroking device for graphite electrode fabrication with high efficiency through a compact, inexpensive and automatic process, with reduced fabrication time and human intervention leading to more uniformity. The motion platform of Graphtec plotter was used to create multiple strokes with the help of the proposed device. Such inexpensive graphite electrodes (less than the US $1) have been observed to be porous in nature, acting as diffusion agents. The automated graphite electrodes were used to study the performance of microfluidic paper fuel cells (MPFCs) with formic acid, oxygen, and sulphuric acid acting as fuel, oxidising agent and electrolyte respectively. From this configuration, the maximum current density and power density were measured to be 1,305.5 µA cm-2 and 135.5 µW cm-2, respectively at 0.3 V stable OCP at 100 strokes. Overall, the study enumerates the development of an automated pencil stroke device for fabricating graphite electrodes, which can potentially be harnessed in numerous miniaturized paper based applications.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Rao LT,Rewatkar P,Dubey SK,Javed A,Goel Sdoi
10.1038/s41598-020-68579-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-15 00:00:00pages
11675issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-020-68579-xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The natural bacterial diversity is regarded as a treasure trove for natural products. However, accessing complex cell mixtures derived from environmental samples in standardized high-throughput screenings is challenging. Here, we present a droplet-based microfluidic platform for ultrahigh-throughput screenings able to...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-31263-2
更新日期：2018-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to assess the role of computerized tomography attenuation values (Hounsfield unit-HU) for differentiating pyonephrosis from hydronephrosis and for predicting postoperative infectious complications in patients with obstructive uropathy. We analysed data from 122 patients who underwent nephrostomy tube or urete...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-75672-8
更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a novel and facile method to synthesize sulfur-doped titanium oxide sheets and realize TiS2-TiO2 heterostructures by means of a sequential sulfurization and oxidation step in a dual-zone chemical vapor deposition furnace. The inclusion of chlorine and argon gases during the growth of such titanium-based comp...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-53651-y
更新日期：2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic wave has been widely used as a spectroscopic probe to detect the collective vibrational mode in vast molecular systems and investigate dielectric properties of various materials. Recent technological advances in generating intense THz radiation and the emergence of THz plasmonics operat...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep10280
更新日期：2015-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Threat detection is essential for protecting individuals from adverse situations, in which a network of amygdala, limbic regions and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) regions are involved in fear processing. Excitability regulation in the dmPFC might be crucial for fear processing, while abnormal patterns could le...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-32781-9
更新日期：2018-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Birgus latro (coconut crab) is an edible crustacean that has experienced serious overharvesting throughout its whole habitat range; however, the negative effects of overharvesting on the genetic diversity within B. latro populations have not been elucidated. Here, we report sex ratio, body size, and genetic diversity ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-66712-4
更新日期：2020-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we aimed to disclose the association of pre- and post-stroke glycemic status with clinical outcome in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). It was a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, conducted in 13 hospitals in Beijing from January 2014 to September 2016. The as...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-55610-z
更新日期：2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The honeybee's drinking process has generally been simplified because of its high speed and small scale. In this study, we clearly observed the drinking cycle of the Italian honeybee using a specially designed high-speed camera system. We analysed the pattern of glossal hair erection and the movement kinematics of the...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep15002
更新日期：2015-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied mechanisms of recombination in InGaN quantum wells in polar and semipolar structures. Photoluminescence measurements show that the optical emission linewidths for polar and semipolar structures are almost identical suggesting the same level of indium fluctuations in quanutm wells. Their "peak-energy-versus-...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-58295-x
更新日期：2020-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates tissue homeostasis and remodelling through antagonistic effects of noradrenergic sympathetic and cholinergic parasympathetic signalling. Despite numerous reports on the induction of sympathetic neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), no induction methods have eff...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-66303-3
更新日期：2020-06-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon-based stationary phases for chromatographic separation have been commercially available since the 1980s. Porous graphitic carbon liquid chromatography columns are known to be highly resistant to aggressive mobile phases and extreme pH values of solvents and eluents, an important advantage compared to convention...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-33075-w
更新日期：2018-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The salmon louse is an ectoparasitic copepod of salmonids in the marine environment, and represents a global challenge to salmon aquaculture. A major issue is the reliance of the industry on a limited number of chemicals to delouse salmonids on farms, and the high levels of resistance that lice have developed to all o...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-12384-6
更新日期：2017-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the increasing number of studies conducted recently to evaluate the association between HPV infections and the risk of prostate cancer, the results remain inconclusive. Furthermore, the prevalence and distribution of overall and individual HPV types worldwide in prostate cancer has not been reported until now....
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/srep14667
更新日期：2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine levels of change in risk factors for cardiovascular disease among people with and without a previous diagnosis of diabetes from 2007 to 2016 in Iran. Data were obtained from five rounds of the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) cross-sectional surveys. Participants were 76...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-68640-9
更新日期：2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) is attributed to the fact that diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM-5) are only based on clinical symptoms. The discovery of blood biomarkers has the potential to change the diagnosis of MDD. The purpose of this study was to identify blood biomarkers of DNA methylation by...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-021-81758-8
更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The live attenuated yellow fever (YF) vaccine is a highly effective human vaccine and induces long-term protective neutralizing antibodies directed against the viral envelope protein E. The generation of such antibodies requires the help of CD4 T cells which recognize peptides derived from proteins in virus particles ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-09331-w
更新日期：2017-08-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Spiny mice of the genus Acomys display several unique physiological traits, including menstruation and scar-free wound healing; characteristics that are exceedingly rare in mammals, and of considerable interest to the scientific community. These unique attributes, and the potential for spiny mice to accurately model h...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-09334-7
更新日期：2017-08-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Terrestrial arthropod fauna have been suggested as a key indicator of ecological integrity in forest systems. Because phenotypic identification is expert-limited, a shift towards DNA metabarcoding could improve scalability and democratize the use of forest floor arthropods for biomonitoring applications. The objective...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-54532-0
更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:We address the impact of the spin-orbit (SO) coupling on the localization-delocalization-transition (LDT) in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a bichromatic potential. We find that SO coupling significantly alters the threshold depth of the one of sublattices above which the lowest eigenstates transform...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep31700
更新日期：2016-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Sufficient tissue oxygenation is required for regular brain function; thus oxygen supply must be tightly regulated to avoid hypoxia and irreversible cell damage. If hypoxia occurs the transcription factor complex hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) will accumulate and coordinate adaptation of cells to hypoxia. However, eve...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-75838-4
更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Childbearing women with rheumatoid (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have significant peripartum issues. A retrospective anonymous RedCAP survey of peripartum period in females with RA/PsA in the RAPPORT registry was performed. Completed analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. 16...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-60451-2
更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has long been observed to take advantage of the host mitochondria to support viral replication and assembly. The HCV core protein has been implicated to fragment host mitochondria. In this report, we have discovered that the non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) plays an instructive role in attachin...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep23464
更新日期：2016-03-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The secretion of glucagon by pancreatic alpha cells is regulated by a number of external and intrinsic factors. While the electrophysiological processes linking a lowering of glucose concentrations to an increased glucagon release are well characterized, the evidence for the identity and function of the glucose sensor...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-76863-z
更新日期：2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:To unravel the molecular mechanism of defense against blister blight (BB) disease caused by an obligate biotrophic fungus, Exobasidium vexans, transcriptome of BB interaction with resistance and susceptible tea genotypes was analysed through RNA-seq using Illumina GAIIx at four different stages during ~20-day disease ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep30412
更新日期：2016-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Although re-sequencing of gene panels and mRNA expression profiling are now firmly established in clinical laboratories, in-depth proteome analysis has remained a niche technology, better suited for studying model systems rather than challenging materials such as clinical trial samples. To address this limitation, we ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep34949
更新日期：2016-10-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Rotator cuff tears are common and are associated with shoulder pain, disability, and dysfunction. Previous studies that have reported different arthroscopic techniques are controversial. A network meta-analysis with indirect and direct evidence was performed to compare the effectiveness of arthroscopic techniques for ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-40641-3
更新日期：2019-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a growing interest concerning the relevance of salivary cortisone levels in stress-related research. However, studies investigating morning patterns and day-to-day variability of cortisone versus cortisol levels are lacking. Cortisol and cortisone analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-55571-3
更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Enhanced and immediate expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA is observed in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes but the synthesis of protein found significantly delayed. Here we investigated the role of stress granules (SGs), ribonucleoprotein complexes that regulate mRNA translation, in the delayed translation of ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep27611
更新日期：2016-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A high level of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Because the hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) is essential for clearing plasma LDL cholesterol, activation of LDLR is a promising therapeutic target for patients with atherosclerotic disease. Here we demonstrate...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep24940
更新日期：2016-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a key enzyme in B-cell development whose improper regulation causes severe immunodeficiency diseases. Design of selective BTK therapeutics would benefit from improved, in-silico structural modeling of the kinase's solution ensemble. However, this remains challenging due to the immense c...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-10697-0
更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00
