Pharmacogenomics: an Update for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We review recent research investigating the relationship of hormonal contraceptives and mood with a focus on relevant underlying mechanisms, such as emotion recognition and reactivity, reward processing, and stress response. RECENT FINDINGS:Adverse effects of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) on mood see...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Lewis CA,Kimmig AS,Zsido RG,Jank A,Derntl B,Sacher J

更新日期：2019-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Delirium is an under-recognized, highly prevalent form of organ dysfunction in the intensive care unit (ICU). It is imperative to be aware of risk factors for delirium in the ICU, some of which are modifiable. In the last 5 years, a new tool for detecting delirium among critically ill patients has been validated and f...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Miller RR 3rd,Ely EW

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The stress vulnerability model has proven to be a politically important model for two reasons. It has provided the framework that defines a temporal and dynamic process whereby a person's uniquely determined biopsychosocial vulnerability to schizophrenia symptoms interacts with his or her capacity to manage stress and...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Fleming MP,Martin CR

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depressive disorders are among the most common ailments affecting humankind and some of the world's leading causes of medical disability. Despite being common, disabling and a major public health problem, the etiology of depression is unknown. Indeed, investigators have suggested that the causes of depression are mult...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Strakowski SM,Adler CM,Delbello MP

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Empathy is an important psychological process that facilitates human communication and interaction. Enhancement of empathy has profound significance in a range of applications. In this paper, we review emerging directions of research on computational analysis of empathy expression and perception as well as empathic in...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Xiao B,Imel ZE,Georgiou P,Atkins DC,Narayanan SS

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and/or hyperactivity in children and adults. Putative environmental risk factors for ADHD include toxin and prenatal smoke exposure, low socioeconomic status, and parental marital instability and disc...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Ficks CA,Waldman ID

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD), their families and clinicians experience significant challenges when weighing the potential risks versus benefits of available choices in the treatment of MDD. Although MDD is highly prevalent in adolescents and is associated with marked suffering, impairment and risk ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Pathak S,Kratochvil CJ,Rogers GM,Silva S,Vitiello B,Weller EB,March JS

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We review the existing literature on gene-environment interactions (G×E) and epigenetic changes primarily in borderline personality disorder (BPD) but also in antisocial, schizotypal, and avoidant personality disorders. RECENT FINDINGS:Research supports that susceptibility genes to BPD or its underly...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Bulbena-Cabre A,Bassir Nia A,Perez-Rodriguez MM

更新日期：2018-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The search for an effective psychopharmacologic strategy in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) has been elusive for decades and has run the gamut from reserpine to typical antipsychotics, to lithium, to tetrahydrocannabinol, to growth hormone, to anticonvulsants, to antidepressants, to atypical antipsychotics. Onl...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Brewerton TD

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eating disorders anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are severe psychiatric disorders with high mortality. Our knowledge about the neurobiology of eating disorders is very limited, and the question remains whether alterations in brain structure or function in eating disorders are state related, remnants...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Frank GK

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anorexia nervosa is a debilitating illness that affects mostly females and their families. Multiple physiologic disturbances are present and can be life-threatening. Nutritional rehabilitation is the foremost initial treatment goal. Assessment skills include understanding the physiologic, developmental, and psychiatri...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Weaver L,Liebman R

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) has been shown to be an efficacious evidence-based treatment for major depression in combination with antidepressant medication, as a maintenance treatment in combination with medication, and as monotherapy (with placebo). After reviewing the salient features of IPT that make it a goo...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Miller MD

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric illness with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Despite intensive research during the past several decades, the neurobiological basis and pathophysiology of depressive disorders remain unknown. Genetic factors play important roles in the development of MDD, ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Lohoff FW

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The comorbidity of anxiety disorders with pain has received little research attention even though recent studies show that these disorders are as likely to co-occur with chronic pain conditions as depressive disorder. Comorbid anxiety has implications for the impact and outcome of pain conditions. Even though it may b...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Gureje O

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a clinically distinct disorder that is under-recognized. A primary focus of recent research has been to delineate neuropsychiatric features that best discriminate FTD from other dementias, and to identify test instruments that elicit differentiating characteristics most effectively. Ad...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Snowden JS,Neary D

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the association between trauma and personality disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder (BPD), has been well established, the etiologic role of trauma in the development of personality disorders has been a topic of debate. Numerous mediation models have been put forth to explain how trauma can ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Yen S,Shea MT

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purposes of this paper are to provide an overview of the state of the science of sleep in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), present hypotheses for the high prevalence of insomnia in children with ASD, and present a practice pathway for promoting optimal sleep. Approximately two thirds of children with ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Souders MC,Zavodny S,Eriksen W,Sinko R,Connell J,Kerns C,Schaaf R,Pinto-Martin J

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twin studies have established that there are substantial genetic influences on alcoholism (0.5-0.6) in both men and women. Our knowledge of behaviors predisposing to alcoholism, including anxiety and impulsivity, is advancing rapidly through animal and human studies. Although alcoholism is often comorbid with other su...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Enoch MA,Goldman D

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few treatments for eating disorders have established a base of empirical support, and those that have are still limited by high dropout rates and low abstinence rates. Thus, there is a critical need for innovative eating disorder treatments to fill this gap. The past decade has seen a surge in the development of novel...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Berg KC,Wonderlich SA

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:As rates of suicide continue to rise, there is urgent need for innovative approaches to better understand, predict, and care for those at high risk of suicide. Numerous mobile and sensor technology solutions have already been proposed, are in development, or are already available today. This review se...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Torous J,Larsen ME,Depp C,Cosco TD,Barnett I,Nock MK,Firth J

更新日期：2018-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Child maltreatment is a serious problem in US society, affecting approximately three million children. Children and adolescents exposed to child abuse and neglect experience high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition, they are at risk for comorbid mental illness. Biologic stress systems affected ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： De Bellis MD,Thomas LA

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review highlights recent research regarding gender differences in OCD, with a focus on prevalence, course of illness, symptom presentation, comorbidity, and treatment response. RECENT FINDINGS:Overall, findings remain mixed. OCD may be more common among males in childhood, but is more common amo...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Mathes BM,Morabito DM,Schmidt NB

更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, we highlight recent Bipolar Collaborative Network data. We found that childhood-onset bipolar illness is common, often goes untreated for more than a decade, and carries a poor prognosis. During randomized studies of adjunctive medications in depression: 1) Venlafaxine showed higher switch rates than ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Post RM,Altshuler LL,Frye MA,Suppes T,McElroy S,Keck PE Jr,Leverich GS,Kupka R,Nolen WA,Grunze H

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently available antidepressants are effective in less than two thirds of depressed patients, with even lower remission rates in the context of co-morbid medical illness. A rapidly expanding evidence base suggests that maladaptive inflammatory immune responses may be a common pathophysiology underlying depression, ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Li M,Soczynska JK,Kennedy SH

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of overt hypothyroidism (HO) on cognition and mood are well established, and HO is considered a common cause of reversible dementia. There is now increasing evidence to suggest that subclinical hypothyroidism (ie, elevated thyroid stimulating hormone in the presence of normal thyroxine concentrations) may ...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Davis JD,Stern RA,Flashman LA

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV, the cause of AIDS, has infected more than 65 million people worldwide, including 1 million children. An estimated 39.5 million people are living with HIV. As of 2006, 4.3 million were newly infected, with 2.8 million occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Rates of infection have risen more than 50% in Eastern Europe an...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Benton TD,Ifeagwu JA

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review provides clinicians and individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) with an overview of evidence-based skills shown to be effective in BD and amenable to self-management including psychoeducation; monitoring moods, medications, and social function; sleep hygiene; setting goals and relapse plans; and healthy lif...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Janney CA,Bauer MS,Kilbourne AM

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the current literature on biobehavioral mechanisms involved in reactive aggression in a transdiagnostic approach. RECENT FINDINGS:Aggressive reactions are closely related to activations in the brain's threat circuitry. They occur in response to social threat that is experienced as inescapab...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Bertsch K,Florange J,Herpertz SC

更新日期：2020-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Although addiction is a uniquely human phenomenon, some of its pathognomonic features can be modeled at the animal level. Such features include the euphoric "high" produced by acute administration of addictive drugs; the dysphoric "crash" produced by acute withdrawal; drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors; and relaps...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Gardner EL

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:I summarize recent developments in understanding the phenomenology of memory in PTSD, describe the most prominent theoretical models, and outline new forms of treatment aimed at modifying the traumatic memory. RECENT FINDINGS:Intrusive memories that have the quality of being relived in the present ha...

journal_title：Current psychiatry reports

authors： Brewin CR

更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00