Abstract:
:The parasitic nematode Trichuris trichiura is a significant burden on public health in developing countries, and currently available drugs exhibit a poor cure rate. Worms live within a specialised tunnel of host intestinal epithelial cells and have anterior-ventral projections of the cuticle termed "cuticular inflations", which are thought to be involved in host-parasite interactions. This work aimed to characterise structure and suggest a function of cuticular inflations in the most tractable and widely-used model of trichuriasis, Trichuris muris. Using scanning electron microscopy, we show for the first time that most cuticular inflations develop between the second and third larval moults. Correlative X-ray computed tomography (CT)-steered Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopy (SBF-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy enabled ultrastructural imaging of cuticular inflations, and showed the presence of an additional, web-like layer of cuticle between the median and cortical layers of the inflation. Additionally, we characterised variation in inflation morphology, resolving debate as to the inflations' true shape in situ. Cells underlying the inflations had many mitochondria, and we highlight their potential capacity for active transport as an area for future investigation. Overall, insights from the powerful imaging techniques used provide an excellent basis for future study of cuticular inflation function.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
O'Sullivan JDB,Cruickshank SM,Starborg T,Withers PJ,Else KJdoi
10.1038/s41598-020-61916-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-03 00:00:00pages
5846issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-020-61916-0journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Natural medicines (i.e., herbal medicines, traditional formulas) are useful for treatment of multifactorial and chronic diseases. Here, we present KampoDB ( http://wakanmoview.inm.u-toyama.ac.jp/kampo/ ), a novel platform for the analysis of natural medicines, which provides various useful scientific resources on Japa...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29516-1
更新日期:2018-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Lithium (Li) is the cornerstone maintenance treatment for bipolar disorders (BD), but response rates are highly variable. To date, no clinical or biological marker is available to reliably define eligibility criteria for a maintenance treatment with Li. We examined whether the prophylactic response to Li (assessed ret...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69073-0
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Settling due to gravity force is a basic transport mechanism of solid particles in fluids in the Earth. A large portion of particles occurring in nature and used in technical applications are non-spherical. Settling of particles is usually studied in homogeneous ambient conditions, however, stratification is inherent ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18654-7
更新日期:2018-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Pain is a harmful sensation that arises from noxious stimuli. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is one target for studying pain mechanisms. TRPA1 is activated by various stimuli such as noxious cold, pungent natural products and environmental irritants. Since TRPA1 is an attractive target for pain therapy...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37460
更新日期:2016-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical application of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been hampered due to its poor water-solubility. To overcome this hurdle, we devised a novel polymer-drug conjugate, multiarm polyethylene glycol-dihydroartemisinin (PEG-DHA), made by linking DHA with multiarm polyethylene glycol. Herein, we investigated PEG-DHA ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05871
更新日期:2014-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::FAS rs2234767 (-1377 G>A), rs1800682 (-670 A>G) and FASLG rs763110 (-844 C>T) promoter polymorphisms can influence transcriptional activities of the genes and thus multiple tumors susceptibility. To investigate their association with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), the three SNPs were genotyped in 878 cases and 884 c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep19229
更新日期:2016-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32187-7
更新日期:2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the key enzymes for protein synthesis. Glycine, alanine, serine and tyrosine are the major amino acids composing fibroin of silkworm. Among them, the genes of alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) and glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS) have been cloned. In this study, the seryl-tRNA synthetase (Ser...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep41563
更新日期:2017-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Sex steroids, such as estrogens and androgens, are important regulators of the humoral immune response. Studies in female mice have demonstrated that alteration of circulating estrogen concentration regulates antibody-mediated immunity. As males have normally little endogenous estrogen, we hypothesized that in males h...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75059-9
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Goldlined spinefoot, Siganus guttatus, inhabits tropical and subtropical waters and synchronizes its spawning around the first quarter moon likely using an hourglass-like lunar timer. In previous studies, we have found that clock genes (Cryptochrome3 and Period1) could play the role of state variable in the diencephal...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24538-1
更新日期:2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Male infertility is a worldwide medical problem. Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of infertility. Epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones have been shown to influence human infertility, but no research has explored whether N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) level in RNA is associated with asthenozoospermia. Here, we...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24345
更新日期:2016-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Complex systems performing spiking dynamics are widespread in Nature. They cover from earthquakes, to neurons, variable stars, social networks, or stock markets. Understanding and characterizing their dynamics is relevant in order to detect transitions, or to predict unwanted extreme events. Here we study, under an or...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29110-5
更新日期:2018-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::In music, the perception of pitch is governed largely by its tonal function given the preceding harmonic structure of the music. While behavioral research has advanced our understanding of the perceptual representation of musical pitch, relatively little is known about its representational structure in the brain. Usin...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19222-3
更新日期:2018-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::Coriander foliage is a distinctive spice employed on a daily basis in curry and other Indian traditional food preparations mainly for the unique flavour attributes and health benefits. Radical scavenging activity has been demonstrated previously for coriander foliage. However, specific molecules responsible were not i...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35836-z
更新日期:2018-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is associated with a poor clinical outcome due to the few treatment options and absence of effective targeted agents. Here, we show that malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is dramatically upregulated in BLBC due to ME1 copy number amplification. ME1 expression increases glucose uptake and lactate pro...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35106-y
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Most large herbivores in arid landscapes need to drink which constrains their movements and makes them vulnerable to disturbance. Asiatic wild ass or khulan (Equus hemionus) were widespread and abundant throughout the arid landscapes of Central Asia and Mongolia, but have undergone dramatic population declines and ran...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59969-2
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Exploiting new, low-cost and efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is important to resolve the energy crisis and environment pollution. In this work, graphene decorated with Ni nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via one-pot reduction using graphene oxide (GO, the obtained composite was den...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep10589
更新日期:2015-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Visfatin/extracellular-nicotinamide-phosphoribosyltranferase-(eNampt) is a multifaceted adipokine enhanced in type-2-diabetes and obesity. Visfatin/eNampt cause in vitro endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, although whether the same effects are achieved in vivo is unknown. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), a ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62190-w
更新日期:2020-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important postoperative complication. We investigated and analyzed the current inguinal hernia treatment methods and occurrence of early postoperative VTE in Chinese adults. This study involved data for patients with inguinal hernia hospitalized in 58 general hospitals in mainland Ch...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69453-6
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::The capture and activation of individual T cells on functionalised surfaces enables real-time analyses of the magnitude and rhythm of intracellular calcium release. Application of Haarlet transformations generate a calcium flux 'threshold', with the frequency of the 'threshold crossings' correlating with the strength ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07760
更新日期:2015-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Generating a protective and long-lasting immune response is the primary goal in the expanding field of immunotherapeutic research. In current study we designed an immunogenic bacteriophage- based vaccine to induce a cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against a mice tumor model over-expressing HER2/neu. Bacteriophage λ di...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-38371-z
更新日期:2019-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Egg oil from Portunus trituberculatus (Pt-egg oil) can overcome insulin resistance resulting from abundant bioactive lipids. However, its effects on obesity and gut microbiota were unclear. Here, we evaluated whether Pt-egg oil could improve obesity and gut microbiota or not in high-fat diet feeding mice. Results exhi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65199-3
更新日期:2020-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::We performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome from purple (Pr) and normal cultivated varieties (CK) of Dendrobium officinale to gain insights into the regulatory networks associated with phenylpropanoid metabolism and to identify the key regulatory genes of pigmentation. Metabolite and transc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74789-0
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Strongly interacting one-dimensional quantum systems often behave in a manner that is distinctly different from their higher-dimensional counterparts. When a particle attempts to move in a one-dimensional environment it will unavoidably have to interact and 'push' other particles in order to execute a pattern of motio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep10675
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer and, as such, one of the alternative general targets for anticancer therapy. Since angiogenesis is a complex process involving a high number of interconnected components, a network approach would be a convenient systemic way to analyse responses to directed drug attacks. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep00061
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::SIRT1, the NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, controls cell-cycle progression and apoptosis by suppressing p53 tumour suppressor. Although SIRT1 is known to be phosphorylated by JNK1 upon oxidative stress and subsequently down-regulated, it still remains elusive how SIRT1 stability and activity are controlled. Here, ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37578
更新日期:2016-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Neural networks can efficiently encode the probability distribution of errors in an error correcting code. Moreover, these distributions can be conditioned on the syndromes of the corresponding errors. This paves a path forward for a decoder that employs a neural network to calculate the conditional distribution, then...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11266-1
更新日期:2017-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels have been related with cell migration and invasiveness in human cancers. We previously reported the contribution of NaV1.6 channels activity with the invasion capacity of cervical cancer (CeCa) positive to Human Papilloma Virus type 16 (HPV16), which accounts for 50% of all CeCa cas...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31364-y
更新日期:2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive tumors with low survival rates and the leading cause of death in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients under 40 years old. Surgical resection is the standard of care for MPNSTs, but is often incomplete and can generate loss of function, necessitating t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37035
更新日期:2016-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Human iPS cells hold great promise for disease modeling and treatment of degenerative disorders including muscular dystrophies. Although a few research groups have used them for skeletal muscle differentiation, most were based on gene over-expression or long-term mesenchymal differentiation and retrospective identific...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep18759
更新日期:2016-01-05 00:00:00