Early Pleistocene enamel proteome from Dmanisi resolves Stephanorhinus phylogeny.

abstract：:Most Oryza sativa cultivars die within a week of complete submergence--a major constraint to rice production in south and southeast Asia that causes annual losses of over US 1 billion dollars and affects disproportionately the poorest farmers in the world. A few cultivars, such as the O. sativa ssp. indica cultivar FR...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu K,Xu X,Fukao T,Canlas P,Maghirang-Rodriguez R,Heuer S,Ismail AM,Bailey-Serres J,Ronald PC,Mackill DJ

更新日期：2006-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) increase the rate of GTP hydrolysis on guanine nucleotide-binding proteins by many orders of magnitude. Studies with Ras and Rho have elucidated the mechanism of GAP action by showing that their catalytic machinery is both stabilized by GAP binding and complemented by the insertion of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seewald MJ,Körner C,Wittinghofer A,Vetter IR

更新日期：2002-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:That animals and humans can accomplish the same goal using different effectors and different goals using the same effectors attests to the remarkable flexibility of the central nervous system. This phenomenon has been termed 'motor equivalence', an example being the writing of a name with a pencil held between the toe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kelso JA,Fuchs A,Lancaster R,Holroyd T,Cheyne D,Weinberg H

更新日期：1998-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of snakes involved major changes in vertebrate body plan organization, but the developmental basis of those changes is unknown. The python axial skeleton consists of hundreds of similar vertebrae, forelimbs are absent and hindlimbs are severely reduced. Combined limb loss and trunk elongation is found in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cohn MJ,Tickle C

更新日期：1999-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanomachines of the future will require molecular-scale motors that can perform work and collectively induce controlled motion of much larger objects. We have designed a synthetic, light-driven molecular motor that is embedded in a liquid-crystal film and can rotate objects placed on the film that exceed the size of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eelkema R,Pollard MM,Vicario J,Katsonis N,Ramon BS,Bastiaansen CW,Broer DJ,Feringa BL

更新日期：2006-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural substrates that the fruitfly Drosophila uses to sense smell, taste and light share marked structural and functional similarities with ours, providing attractive models to dissect sensory stimulus processing. Here we focus on two of the remaining and less understood prime sensory modalities: graviception and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kamikouchi A,Inagaki HK,Effertz T,Hendrich O,Fiala A,Göpfert MC,Ito K

更新日期：2009-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) is a common feature of cancer genomes, leading to loss of heterozygosity. aUPD is associated not only with loss-of-function mutations of tumour suppressor genes, but also with gain-of-function mutations of proto-oncogenes. Here we show unique gain-of-function mutations of the C-CBL (...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sanada M,Suzuki T,Shih LY,Otsu M,Kato M,Yamazaki S,Tamura A,Honda H,Sakata-Yanagimoto M,Kumano K,Oda H,Yamagata T,Takita J,Gotoh N,Nakazaki K,Kawamata N,Onodera M,Nobuyoshi M,Hayashi Y,Harada H,Kurokawa M,Chiba

更新日期：2009-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The cortex organizes sensory information to enable discrimination and generalization1-4. As systematic representations of chemical odour space have not yet been described in the olfactory cortex, it remains unclear how odour relationships are encoded to place chemically distinct but similar odours, such as lemon and o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pashkovski SL,Iurilli G,Brann D,Chicharro D,Drummey K,Franks KM,Panzeri S,Datta SR

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The geometry and dimensions of branched structures such as blood vessels or airways are important factors in determining the efficiency of physiological processes. It has been shown that fractal trees can be space filling and can ensure minimal dissipation. The bronchial tree of most mammalian lungs is a good example ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mauroy B,Filoche M,Weibel ER,Sapoval B

更新日期：2004-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body system when the relative strength of two competing energy terms is varied acro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Greiner M,Mandel O,Esslinger T,Hänsch TW,Bloch I

更新日期：2002-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:It is possible to infer aspects of an organism's lifestyle from its gene content. Can the reverse also be done? Here we consider this issue by modelling evolution of the reduced genomes of endosymbiotic bacteria. The diversity of gene content in these bacteria may reflect both variation in selective forces and conting...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pál C,Papp B,Lercher MJ,Csermely P,Oliver SG,Hurst LD

更新日期：2006-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater is a primary source of fresh water in many parts of the world. Some regions are becoming overly dependent on it, consuming groundwater faster than it is naturally replenished and causing water tables to decline unremittingly. Indirect evidence suggests that this is the case in northwest India, but there ha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rodell M,Velicogna I,Famiglietti JS

更新日期：2009-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteolysis is essential for the execution of many cellular functions. These include removal of incorrectly folded or damaged proteins, the activation of transcription factors, the ordered degradation of proteins involved in cell cycle control, and the generation of peptides destined for presentation by class I molecu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Glas R,Bogyo M,McMaster JS,Gaczynska M,Ploegh HL

更新日期：1998-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lewis-Jones H

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of T cells through interaction of their T-cell receptors with antigenic peptide bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) is a crucial step in adaptive immunity. Here we use three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy to visualize individual peptide-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Irvine DJ,Purbhoo MA,Krogsgaard M,Davis MM

更新日期：2002-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In platelets, agonists that stimulate phosphoinositide turnover cause the rapid phosphorylation of a protein of apparent relative molecular mass (Mr) 40-47,000, called P47, by protein kinase C (PKC). Diverse identities have been ascribed to P47 including lipocortin, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphomonoesterase, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tyers M,Rachubinski RA,Stewart MI,Varrichio AM,Shorr RG,Haslam RJ,Harley CB

更新日期：1988-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:It is of fundamental importance to establish whether there is a limit to how thin a superconducting wire can be, while retaining its superconducting character--and if there is a limit, to determine what sets it. This issue may also be of practical importance in defining the limit to miniaturization of superconducting ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bezryadin A,Lau CN,Tinkham M

更新日期：2000-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential use of smallpox as a biological weapon has led to the production and stockpiling of smallpox vaccine and the immunization of some healthcare workers. Another public health goal is the licensing of a safer vaccine that could benefit the millions of people advised not to take the current one because they o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Earl PL,Americo JL,Wyatt LS,Eller LA,Whitbeck JC,Cohen GH,Eisenberg RJ,Hartmann CJ,Jackson DL,Kulesh DA,Martinez MJ,Miller DM,Mucker EM,Shamblin JD,Zwiers SH,Huggins JW,Jahrling PB,Moss B

更新日期：2004-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous type 1 diabetes occurs when the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-islet cells prevents production of the hormone insulin. This causes an inability to regulate glucose metabolism, which results in dangerously raised blood glucose concentrations. It is generally accepted that thymus-derived lymphocyt...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wilson DB

更新日期：2005-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The function and nature of inhibition of neurons in the visual cortex have been the focus of both experimental and theoretical investigations. There are two ways in which inhibition can suppress synaptic excitation. In hyperpolarizing inhibition, negative and positive currents sum linearly to produce a net change in m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Borg-Graham LJ,Monier C,Frégnac Y

更新日期：1998-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of anthropogenic aerosols on cloud droplet concentrations and radiative properties is the source of one of the largest uncertainties in the radiative forcing of climate over the industrial period. This uncertainty affects our ability to estimate how sensitive the climate is to greenhouse gas emissions. Here...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carslaw KS,Lee LA,Reddington CL,Pringle KJ,Rap A,Forster PM,Mann GW,Spracklen DV,Woodhouse MT,Regayre LA,Pierce JR

更新日期：2013-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Touch and mechanical pain are first detected at our largest sensory surface, the skin. The cell bodies of sensory neurons that detect such stimuli are located in the dorsal root ganglia, and subtypes of these neurons are specialized to detect specific modalities of mechanical stimuli. Molecules have been identified th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wetzel C,Hu J,Riethmacher D,Benckendorff A,Harder L,Eilers A,Moshourab R,Kozlenkov A,Labuz D,Caspani O,Erdmann B,Machelska H,Heppenstall PA,Lewin GR

更新日期：2007-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear magic numbers correspond to fully occupied energy shells of protons or neutrons inside atomic nuclei. Doubly magic nuclei, with magic numbers for both protons and neutrons, are spherical and extremely rare across the nuclear landscape. Although the sequence of magic numbers is well established for stable nucle...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Taniuchi R,Santamaria C,Doornenbal P,Obertelli A,Yoneda K,Authelet G,Baba H,Calvet D,Château F,Corsi A,Delbart A,Gheller JM,Gillibert A,Holt JD,Isobe T,Lapoux V,Matsushita M,Menéndez J,Momiyama S,Motobayashi T,Nii

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haploids and double haploids are important resources for studying recessive traits and have large impacts on crop breeding, but natural haploids are rare in animals. Mammalian haploids are restricted to germline cells and are occasionally found in tumours with massive chromosome loss. Recent success in establishing ha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li W,Shuai L,Wan H,Dong M,Wang M,Sang L,Feng C,Luo GZ,Li T,Li X,Wang L,Zheng QY,Sheng C,Wu HJ,Liu Z,Liu L,Wang L,Wang XJ,Zhao XY,Zhou Q

更新日期：2012-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Gross chromosome rearrangements (GCRs), such as translocations, deletion of a chromosome arm, interstitial deletions and inversions, are often observed in cancer cells. Spontaneous GCRs are rare in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, the existence of mutator mutants with increased genome instability suggests that GCRs ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Myung K,Chen C,Kolodner RD

更新日期：2001-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Freeman M

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electronic properties of heterostructures of atomically thin van der Waals crystals can be modified substantially by moiré superlattice potentials from an interlayer twist between crystals1,2. Moiré tuning of the band structure has led to the recent discovery of superconductivity3,4 and correlated insulating phase...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kerelsky A,McGilly LJ,Kennes DM,Xian L,Yankowitz M,Chen S,Watanabe K,Taniguchi T,Hone J,Dean C,Rubio A,Pasupathy AN

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A CENTRAL assumption about long-term potentiation in the hippocampus is that the two classes of glutamate-receptor ion channel, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and the kainate/quisqualate (non-NMDA) subtypes, are co-localized at individual excitatory synapses. This assumption is important because of the perceived inte...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bekkers JM,Stevens CF

更新日期：1989-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans six hypodermal cells, the vulval precursor cells, are each competent to generate vulval cells. Normally only the three nearest precursor cells to the uterine anchor cell generate the vulva (22 nuclei), while the three others fuse with the non-specialized hypodermal syncytium (hyp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herman RK,Hedgecock EM

更新日期：1990-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the behaviour of the dielectric constant in ferroelectric thin films remains a challenging problem. These ferroelectric materials have high static dielectric constants, and so are important for their applications in high-storage-density capacitor structures such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Bu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sirenko AA,Bernhard C,Golnik A,Clark AM,Hao J,Si W,Xi XX

更新日期：2000-03-23 00:00:00