Abstract:
:A CENTRAL assumption about long-term potentiation in the hippocampus is that the two classes of glutamate-receptor ion channel, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and the kainate/quisqualate (non-NMDA) subtypes, are co-localized at individual excitatory synapses. This assumption is important because of the perceived interplay between NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in the induction and expression of long-term potentiation: the NMDA class, by virtue of its voltage-dependent channel block by magnesium and calcium permeability, provides the trigger for the induction of long-term potentiation, whereas the actual enhancement of synaptic efficacy is thought to be provided by the non-NMDA class. If both receptor subtypes are present at the one synapse, such cross-modulation could occur rapidly and locally through diffusible factors. By measuring miniature synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal neurons we show that the majority (approximately 70%) of the excitatory synapses on a postsynaptic cell possess both kinds of receptor, although to different extents. Of the remaining excitatory synapses, approximately 20% contain only the non-NMDA subtype and the rest possess only NMDA receptors. This finding provides direct evidence for co-localization of glutamate-receptor subtypes at individual synapses, and also points to the possibility that long-term potentiation might be differentially expressed at each synapse according to the mix of receptor subtypes at that synapse.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Bekkers JM,Stevens CFdoi
10.1038/341230a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-09-21 00:00:00pages
230-3issue
6239eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
341pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) by chromosomal translocations or point mutations is a frequent event in haematological malignancies. JAK2 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates several cellular processes by inducing cytoplasmic signalling cascades. Here we show that human JAK2 is present in the nucleus o...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08448
更新日期:2009-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::The three-dimensional structure of intact human rhinovirus 14 (HRV-14) complexed with Fab fragments (Fab17-IA) from a strongly neutralizing antibody that binds bivalently to the virion has been determined to 4.0 angstrom resolution by a combination of X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. In contradictio...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/383350a0
更新日期:1996-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid development of the silk glands of Bombyx mori during the last larval instar shows two phases. During the first 4 days, in both the middle and posterior parts of the silk glands, the ribosomal machinery is assembled and the synthesis of housekeeping proteins starts. During the second phase (the last 4 days), ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/290267a0
更新日期:1981-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::In yeast and somatic cells, mechanisms ensure cell-cycle events are initiated only when preceding events have been completed. In contrast, interruption of specific cell-cycle processes in early embryonic cells of many organisms does not affect the timing of subsequent events, indicating that cell-cycle events are trig...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/43927
更新日期:1999-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::In the initiation of translation in eukaryotes, binding of the small ribosomal subunit to the messenger RNA results from recognition of the 5' cap structure (m7GpppX) of the mRNA by the cap-binding complex eIF4F. eIF4F is itself a three-subunit complex comprising the cap-binding protein eIF4E, eIF4A, an ATP-dependent ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/33198
更新日期:1998-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the capacity of natural populations to adapt to their local environment is a central topic in evolutionary biology. Phenotypic differences between populations may have a genetic basis, but showing that they reflect different adaptive optima requires the quantification of both gene flow and selection. Goo...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03083
更新日期:2005-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::The chemical evolution of the Earth and the terrestrial planets is largely controlled by the density of silicate melts. If melt density is higher than that of the surrounding solid, incompatible elements dissolved in the melt will be sequestered in the deep mantle. Previous studies on dry (water-free) melts showed tha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04241
更新日期:2005-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Williams syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by an uncommon hypersociability and a mosaic of retained and compromised linguistic and cognitive abilities. Nearly all clinically diagnosed individuals with Williams syndrome lack precisely the same set of genes, with breakpoints in chromosome b...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature19067
更新日期:2016-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Government policies currently commit us to surface warming of three to four degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by 2100, which will lead to enhanced ice-sheet melt. Ice-sheet discharge was not explicitly included in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, so effects on climate from this melt are not cur...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0889-9
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant activation of the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway occurs in almost all colorectal cancers and contributes to their growth, invasion and survival. Although dysregulated beta-catenin activity drives colon tumorigenesis, further genetic perturbations are required to elaborate full malignant transformation. To...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07179
更新日期:2008-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Excision of introns from nuclear precursors to messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) by the spliceosome requires two distinct phosphodiester transfer (transesterification) reactions: exchange of a 3'-5' for a 2'-5' bond in the first step (lariat formation) and exchange of one 3'-5' phosphodiester for another in the second step (...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/365364a0
更新日期:1993-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Electron transfer reactions are essential for life because they underpin oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis, processes leading to the generation of ATP, and are involved in many reactions of intermediary metabolism. Key to these roles is the formation of transient inter-protein electron transfer complexes. T...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11996
更新日期:2013-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% incr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07051
更新日期:2008-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The origins of religion and of complex societies represent evolutionary puzzles1-8. The 'moralizing gods' hypothesis offers a solution to both puzzles by proposing that belief in morally concerned supernatural agents culturally evolved to facilitate cooperation among strangers in large-scale societies9-13. Although pr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1043-4
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copy number variants (CNVs) are major contributors to genetic disorders. We have dissected a region of the 16p11.2 chromosome--which encompasses 29 genes--that confers susceptibility to neurocognitive defects when deleted or duplicated. Overexpression of each human transcript in zebrafish embryos identified KCTD13 as ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11091
更新日期:2012-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for some 50 years that birds use photoreceptors in or near the hypothalamus to mediate the photoperiodic responses that control seasonal breeding. So far, however, attempts to identify the photopigment by determining an action spectrum have failed. The problems stem from the selective filtering of li...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/313050a0
更新日期:1985-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The verification of nuclear warheads for arms control involves a paradox: international inspectors will have to gain high confidence in the authenticity of submitted items while learning nothing about them. Proposed inspection systems featuring 'information barriers', designed to hide measurements stored in electronic...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13457
更新日期:2014-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::The genome of the lower eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum comprises six chromosomes. Here we report the sequence of the largest, chromosome 2, which at 8 megabases (Mb) represents about 25% of the genome. Despite an A + T content of nearly 80%, the chromosome codes for 2,799 predicted protein coding genes and 73 tran...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature00847
更新日期:2002-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) has integral roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, diabetes, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. As such, a thorough understanding of GSK-3beta function will have a broad impact on human biology and therapeutics. Because GSK-3beta interact...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05557
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2064-8
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this Letter, the top structure of the right panel of Fig. 1a should be that of cis-9-octadecenoic acid, not trans-9-octadecenoic acid. Please see the accompanying Author Correction. This error has not been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0930-z
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colonization of a new habitat is a fundamental process in metapopulation biology, but it is difficult to study. The emigration of colonists from established populations might be induced by resource competition owing to high local population density. Migration distances are also important because they determine the...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/416424a
更新日期:2002-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium; a 'coupling' laser is used to create the interference necessary to allow the transmission of resonant pulses from a 'probe' laser. This technique has been used to s...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35054017
更新日期:2001-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosaminoglycans such as heparan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate are extracellular sugar chains involved in intercellular signalling. Disruptions of genes encoding enzymes that mediate glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis have severe consequences in Drosophila and mice. Mutations in the Drosophila gene sugarless, which ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01635
更新日期:2003-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes containing mature trophozoites and schizonts sequester along venular endothelium and are not in the peripheral circulation of patients with malaria. Knobs appear on infected erythrocytes and are the points of attachment to endothelium. Sequestration may protect the parasite ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/318064a0
更新日期:1985-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Quantum criticality is associated with a system composed of a nearly infinite number of interacting quantum degrees of freedom at zero temperature, and it implies that the system looks on average the same regardless of the time- and length scale on which it is observed. Electrons on the atomic scale do not exhibit suc...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01978
更新日期:2003-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Plasticity in neural circuits can result from alterations in synaptic strength or connectivity, as well as from changes in the excitability of the neurons themselves. To better understand the role of plasticity in the brain, we need to establish how brain circuits work and the kinds of computations that different circ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature03011
更新日期:2004-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen consumption by carnivorous reptiles increases enormously after they have eaten a large meal in order to meet metabolic demands, and this places an extra load on the cardiovascular system. Here we show that there is an extraordinarily rapid 40% increase in ventricular muscle mass in Burmese pythons (Python molur...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/434037a
更新日期:2005-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), a much milder form of the disease where the age of onset can sometimes be as late as the third or fourth decade of life, are caused by mutations in the same X-linked gene, a 14 kilobase (kb) transcript which is spread over more than 2 megabases of ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/343180a0
更新日期:1990-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Several discoveries of Late Devonian tetrapods (limbed vertebrates) have been made during the past two decades, but each has been confined to one locality. Here we describe a tetrapod jaw of about 365 million years (Myr) old from the Famennian of Belgium, which is the first from western continental Europe. The jaw clo...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/427412a
更新日期:2004-01-29 00:00:00