Developmental basis of limblessness and axial patterning in snakes.

abstract：:Colorectal cancer results from mutations in components of the Wnt pathway that regulate beta-catenin levels. Dishevelled (Dvl or Dsh) signals downstream of Wnt receptors and stabilizes beta-catenin during cell proliferation and embryonic axis formation. Moreover, Dvl contributes to cytoskeletal reorganization during g...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Capelluto DG,Kutateladze TG,Habas R,Finkielstein CV,He X,Overduin M

更新日期：2002-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a newly identified nucleotide which can release calcium from a variety of cells, suggesting it is a messenger for mobilizing internal Ca2+ stores. Its cyclic structure has now been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Available results are consistent with it being a modulator of Ca(2+)-indu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee HC,Aarhus R,Graeff R,Gurnack ME,Walseth TF

更新日期：1994-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Although cell adhesion to substrate must ultimately depend on 'sticking' by physical forces at the outer surface, we suggest that control is exercised through the 'grip' of the cytoskeleton. Our experiments indicate that grip can be relaxed by agents which release surface glycoproteins from some form of side-to-side o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rees DA,Lloyd CW,Thom D

更新日期：1977-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Design-specific control over excited-state dynamics is necessary for any application seeking to convert light into chemical potential. Such control is especially desirable in iron(II)-based chromophores, which are an Earth-abundant option for a wide range of photo-induced electron-transfer applications including solar...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Paulus BC,Adelman SL,Jamula LL,McCusker JK

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efforts to ablate soft tissue with conventional lasers have been limited by collateral damage and by concern over potential photochemical effects. Motivated by the thermal-confinement model, past infrared investigations targeted the OH-stretch mode of water with fast pulses from lasers emitting near 3,000 nm (refs 1, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Edwards G,Logan R,Copeland M,Reinisch L,Davidson J,Johnson B,Maciunas R,Mendenhall M,Ossoff R,Tribble J

更新日期：1994-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Change history: In Fig. 1b and c of this Letter, the inset times in the DIC and GFP microscopy images should be in minutes ('min') instead of seconds ('s'). This has not been corrected online. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stewart MP,Helenius J,Toyoda Y,Ramanathan SP,Muller DJ,Hyman AA

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The TATA sequence-binding factor TFIID plays a central role both in promoter activation by RNA polymerase II and other common initiation factors, and in promoter regulation by gene-specific factors. The sequence of yeast TFIID, which seems to be encoded by a single gene, contains interesting structural motifs that are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Horikoshi M,Wang CK,Fujii H,Cromlish JA,Weil PA,Roeder RG

更新日期：1989-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of catalyst-controlled stereoselective olefin metathesis processes has been a pivotal recent advance in chemistry. The incorporation of appropriate ligands within complexes based on molybdenum, tungsten and ruthenium has led to reactivity and selectivity levels that were previously inaccessible. Here w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Koh MJ,Nguyen TT,Lam JK,Torker S,Hyvl J,Schrock RR,Hoveyda AH

更新日期：2017-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pappalardo JL,Hafler DA

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-cell interactions are thought to play a crucial part in determining the developmental fate of vertebrate cells and regulating their subsequent differentiation. In the peripheral nervous system, for example, signals from neuronal axons determine whether or not some Schwann cells wrap their plasma membrane concentr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mudge AW

更新日期：1984-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular Ca2+ signalling processes are fundamental to muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, cell growth and apoptosis. Release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores is supported by a series of ion channels in sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER). Among them, two isoforms of the trimeric intracell...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang H,Hu M,Guo J,Ou X,Cai T,Liu Z

更新日期：2016-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Various mechanisms have been proposed for beta-adrenergically mediated relaxation of smooth muscle. All theories suggest the involvement of cyclic AMP as a second messenger: beta-agonists stimulate adenylate cyclase which converts ATP to cyclic AMP and protein kinase, activated by cyclic AMP, is then thought to cataly...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mueller E,van Breemen C

更新日期：1979-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Helium is used as a critical tracer throughout the Earth sciences, where its relatively simple isotopic systematics is used to trace degassing from the mantle, to date groundwater and to time the rise of continents. The hydrothermal system at Yellowstone National Park is famous for its high helium-3/helium-4 isotope r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lowenstern JB,Evans WC,Bergfeld D,Hunt AG

更新日期：2014-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sheep learn to recognize the odours of their lambs within two hours of giving birth, and this learning involves synaptic changes within the olfactory bulb. Specifically, mitral cells become increasingly responsive to the learned odour, which stimulates release of both glutamate and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neuro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kendrick KM,Guevara-Guzman R,Zorrilla J,Hinton MR,Broad KD,Mimmack M,Ohkura S

更新日期：1997-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The recognition of foreign antigens by T lymphocytes is essential to most adaptive immune responses. It is driven by specific T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) binding to antigenic peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules on other cells. If productive, these interactions promote the formation of an immu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huppa JB,Axmann M,Mörtelmaier MA,Lillemeier BF,Newell EW,Brameshuber M,Klein LO,Schütz GJ,Davis MM

更新日期：2010-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Serious concerns have been raised about the ecological effects of industrialized fishing, spurring a United Nations resolution on restoring fisheries and marine ecosystems to healthy levels. However, a prerequisite for restoration is a general understanding of the composition and abundance of unexploited fish communit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Myers RA,Worm B

更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The dispersal of early humans from Africa by 1.75 Myr ago led to a marked expansion of their range, from the island of Flores in the east to the Iberian peninsula in the west. This range encompassed tropical forest, savannah and Mediterranean habitats, but has hitherto not been demonstrated beyond 45 degrees N. Until ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parfitt SA,Ashton NM,Lewis SG,Abel RL,Coope GR,Field MH,Gale R,Hoare PG,Larkin NR,Lewis MD,Karloukovski V,Maher BA,Peglar SM,Preece RC,Whittaker JE,Stringer CB

更新日期：2010-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Secreted signalling molecules of the Hedgehog (Hh) family have many essential patterning roles during development of diverse organisms including Drosophila and humans. Although Hedgehog proteins most commonly affect cell fate, they can also stimulate cell proliferation. In humans several distinctive cancers, including...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang Y,Kalderon D

更新日期：2001-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent of allelic variation has been estimated at 46 structural gene loci within three major colonies of Swiss mice and between inbred derivative strains. The colonies have retained nearly the same amount and type of variation found in natural murine or human populations despite laboratory propagation for more tha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rice MC,O'Brien SJ

更新日期：1980-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The determination of molecular masses from barometric sedimentation profiles, a main topic in ultracentrifugal analysis, is thought to be quantitatively correct for non-interacting particles. Whereas this expectation is justified for uncharged colloids or macromolecules at low volume fractions, early ultracentrifugati...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Raşa M,Philipse AP

更新日期：2004-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness with a typically chronic course affecting nearly 1% of the human population. It is generally accepted that genetic factors have an important pathogenic role in a substantial portion of schizophrenia cases; however, despite decades of family studies, there is no agreed-upon mode...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kennedy JL,Giuffra LA,Moises HW,Cavalli-Sforza LL,Pakstis AJ,Kidd JR,Castiglione CM,Sjogren B,Wetterberg L,Kidd KK

更新日期：1988-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goodman SN

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphogens act in developing tissues to control the spatial arrangement of cellular differentiation. The activity of a morphogen has generally been viewed as a concentration-dependent response to a diffusible signal, but the duration of morphogen signalling can also affect cellular responses. One such example is the m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dessaud E,Yang LL,Hill K,Cox B,Ulloa F,Ribeiro A,Mynett A,Novitch BG,Briscoe J

更新日期：2007-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen isotope analyses of Spondylus shells from neolithic sites suggest that the source for the shells used as ornaments in the Balkans and central Europe during the fourth millennium BC was the Aegean and not the Black Sea. The trade in Spondylus may have taken the form of an exchange of gifts. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shackleton N,Renfrew C

更新日期：1970-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum teleportation allows for the transfer of arbitrary unknown quantum states from a sender to a spatially distant receiver, provided that the two parties share an entangled state and can communicate classically. It is the essence of many sophisticated protocols for quantum communication and computation. Photons a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takeda S,Mizuta T,Fuwa M,van Loock P,Furusawa A

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been proposed that the hypothalamus helps to control ageing, but the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. Here we develop several mouse models in which hypothalamic stem/progenitor cells that co-express Sox2 and Bmi1 are ablated, as we observed that ageing in mice started with a substantial loss of these hypo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang Y,Kim MS,Jia B,Yan J,Zuniga-Hertz JP,Han C,Cai D

更新日期：2017-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The assimilation and mineralization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by marine bacterioplankton is a major process in the ocean carbon cycle. However, little information exists on the specific metabolic functions of participating bacteria and on whether individual taxa specialize on particular components of the marin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mou X,Sun S,Edwards RA,Hodson RE,Moran MA

更新日期：2008-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycorrhizae, the symbiotic associations of plant roots and fungal hyphae, are classic examples of mutualisms. In these ecologically important associations, the fungi derive photosynthetic sugars from their plant hosts, which in turn benefit from fungus-mediated uptake of mineral nutrients. Early views on the evolution...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hibbett DS,Gilbert LB,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2000-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The protease responsible for the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and necessary for apoptosis has been purified and characterized. This enzyme, named apopain, is composed of two subunits of relative molecular mass (M(r)) 17K and 12K that are derived from a common proenzyme identified as CPP32. This proenzyme is...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nicholson DW,Ali A,Thornberry NA,Vaillancourt JP,Ding CK,Gallant M,Gareau Y,Griffin PR,Labelle M,Lazebnik YA

更新日期：1995-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of collapsing (cavitating) bubbles to focus and concentrate energy, forces and stresses is at the root of phenomena such as cavitation damage, sonochemistry or sonoluminescence. In a biomedical context, ultrasound-driven microbubbles have been used to enhance contrast in ultrasonic images. The observation ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marmottant P,Hilgenfeldt S

更新日期：2003-05-08 00:00:00