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An attention and interpretation bias for illness-specific information in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that specific cognitions and behaviours play a role in maintaining chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, little research has investigated illness-specific cognitive processing in CFS. This study investigated whether CFS participants had an attentional bias for CFS-related stimuli and a tendency to interpret ambiguous information in a somatic way. It also determined whether cognitive processing biases were associated with co-morbidity, attentional control or self-reported unhelpful cognitions and behaviours. METHOD:A total of 52 CFS and 51 healthy participants completed self-report measures of symptoms, disability, mood, cognitions and behaviours. Participants also completed three experimental tasks, two designed specifically to tap into CFS salient cognitions: (i) visual-probe task measuring attentional bias to illness (somatic symptoms and disability) v. neutral words; (ii) interpretive bias task measuring positive v. somatic interpretations of ambiguous information; and (iii) the Attention Network Test measuring general attentional control. RESULTS:Compared with controls, CFS participants showed a significant attentional bias for fatigue-related words and were significantly more likely to interpret ambiguous information in a somatic way, controlling for depression and anxiety. CFS participants had significantly poorer attentional control than healthy individuals. Attention and interpretation biases were associated with fear/avoidance beliefs. Somatic interpretations were also associated with all-or-nothing behaviour and catastrophizing. CONCLUSIONS:People with CFS have illness-specific biases which may play a part in maintaining symptoms by reinforcing unhelpful illness beliefs and behaviours. Enhancing adaptive processing, such as positive interpretation biases and more flexible attention allocation, may provide beneficial intervention targets.

journal_name

Psychol Med

journal_title

Psychological medicine

authors

Hughes AM,Chalder T,Hirsch CR,Moss-Morris R

doi

10.1017/S0033291716002890

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-04-01 00:00:00

pages

853-865

issue

eissn

0033-2917

issn

1469-8978

pii

S0033291716002890

journal_volume

pub_type

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An attention and interpretation bias for illness-specific information in chronic fatigue syndrome.