Epigenetics in fibrosis.

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as one of the most important discoveries of the last years in the field of molecular biology. Following clarification of this highly conserved endogenous gene silencing mechanism, RNAi has largely been exploited as a powerful tool to uncover the function of specific genes and to und...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Masiero M,Nardo G,Indraccolo S,Favaro E

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:17Beta-estradiol (E2) controls many aspects of human physiology, including development, reproduction and homeostasis, through regulation of the transcriptional activity of its cognate receptors (ERs). The crystal structures of ERs with agonists and antagonists and the use of transgenic animals have revealed much about...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Ascenzi P,Bocedi A,Marino M

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a natural dipeptide widely and abundantly distributed in excitable tissues of several animal tissues. Although its physiological role has not been completely understood yet, many beneficial actions have been attributed to carnosine, such as being an antioxidant, antiglycating and io...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Bellia F,Vecchio G,Cuzzocrea S,Calabrese V,Rizzarelli E

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural vitamin E consists of four different tocopherol and four different tocotrienol homologues (alpha,beta, gamma, delta) that all have antioxidant activity. However, recent data indicate that the different vitamin E homologues also have biological activity unrelated to their antioxidant activity. In this review, w...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Reiter E,Jiang Q,Christen S

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the existence of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in the expression of common biomarkers has been described by pathologists since the late 1890s, we have only recently begun to fathom the staggering extent and near ubiquity of this phenomenon. From the tumor's perspective, ITH provides a stabilizing diversity...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： McBride M,Rida PC,Aneja R

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced glutathione (GSH) is critical for many cellular processes, and both its intracellular and extracellular concentrations are tightly regulated. Intracellular GSH levels are regulated by two main mechanisms: by adjusting the rates of synthesis and of export from cells. Some of the proteins responsible for GSH exp...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Ballatori N,Krance SM,Marchan R,Hammond CL

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carnosine and related dipeptides such as anserine are naturally-occurring histidine-containing compounds. They are found in several tissues most notably in muscle where they represent an appreciable fraction of the total water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds. The biological role of these dipeptides are conjectur...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Quinn PJ,Boldyrev AA,Formazuyk VE

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells (ECs) play a role in the optimal function of blood vessels. When endothelial function becomes dysregulated, the risk of developing atherosclerosis increases. Specifically, upregulation of adhesion molecule expression on ECs promotes the movement of leukocytes, particularly monocytes, into the vessel ...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Baker EJ,Yusof MH,Yaqoob P,Miles EA,Calder PC

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigenetic phenomena are defined as heritable mechanisms that establish and maintain mitotically stable patterns of gene expression without modifying the base sequence of DNA. The major epigenetic features of mammalian cells include DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications and RNA-based mechanisms inc...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Udali S,Guarini P,Moruzzi S,Choi SW,Friso S

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch receptors are a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate direct cell-cell interactions and control numerous cell-fate specifications in humans. The extracellular domains of mammalian Notch proteins contain 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, most of which have O-linked glycan modifi...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Matsumoto K,Luther KB,Haltiwanger RS

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The somatic mutation spectrum imprinted in the genome of a tumor represents the mutational processes that have been active in that tumor. Large sequencing efforts in various cancer types have resulted in the identification of multiple mutational signatures, of which several have been linked to specific biological mech...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Grolleman JE,Díaz-Gay M,Franch-Expósito S,Castellví-Bel S,de Voer RM

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metastasis is a complex non-stochastic process that is most likely the result of genetic and epigenetic interactions of a wide variety of genes. The search for a single gene which can encompass such a pleiotropic response as to account for the observed phenotypic characteristics of metastatic tumour populations has be...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Dear TN,Kefford RF

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) lie at the center of the hematopoiesis process, as they bear capacity to self-renew and generate all hematopoietic lineages, hence, all mature blood cells. The ability of HSCs to recognize systemic infection or inflammation or other forms of peripheral stress, such as blood loss, is esse...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Hajishengallis G,Li X,Chavakis T

更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Coenzyme Q is uniquely designed as an electron and proton carrier within the lipid phase of membranes. It now appears that this unique chemistry has diverse application to important functions in all cellular membranes. The first function of coenzyme Q was defined in the energy transduction process in mitochondria. New...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Crane FL,Navas P

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthetic pathway of the CoQ polyisoprenoid side chain, starting from acetyl-CoA and proceeding through mevalonate and isopentenylpyrophosphate, is the same as that of cholesterol. We performed this study to evaluate whether vastatins (hypocholesterolemic drugs that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase) modify blood level...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Bargossi AM,Grossi G,Fiorella PL,Gaddi A,Di Giulio R,Battino M

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vitamin D endocrine system plays a central role in mineral ion homeostasis through the actions of the vitamin D hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)], on the intestine, bone, parathyroid gland, and kidney. The main function of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is to promote the dietary absorption of calcium and phos...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Brown AJ,Slatopolsky E

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The field of transport biology has steadily grown over the past decade and is now recognized as playing an important role in manifestation and treatment of disease. The SLC (solute carrier) gene series has grown to now include 52 families and 395 transporter genes in the human genome. A list of these genes can be foun...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Hediger MA,Clémençon B,Burrier RE,Bruford EA

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem, being the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with a global prevalence of about 3% (about 180 million people). HCV is both an hepatotropic and a lymphotropic virus; and chronic infection could cause, on one hand, chronic hepatitis, cirrh...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Craxì A,Laffi G,Zignego AL

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidant-mediated damage and the triggering of oxidant-sensitive transcription factors could be associated with the neurotoxic actions of aluminum, zinc and lead. Aluminum and lead could induce oxidative stress through their capacity to interact with active oxygen species, increasing their oxidant activity, or by affec...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Oteiza PI,Mackenzie GG,Verstraeten SV

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review is focused on the mammalian SLC11 and SLC40 families and their roles in iron homeostasis. The SLC11 family is composed of two members, SLC11A1 and SLC11A2. SLC11A1 is expressed in the lysosomal compartment of macrophages and in the tertiary granules of neutrophils, playing a key role in innate resistance a...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Montalbetti N,Simonin A,Kovacs G,Hediger MA

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyphenols are bioactives claimed to be responsible for some of the health benefits provided by fruit and vegetables. It is currently accepted that the bioactivities of polyphenols can be mostly ascribed to their interactions with proteins and lipids. Such interactions can affect cell oxidant production and cell sign...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Fraga CG,Oteiza PI,Galleano M

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All forms of diabetes share the common etiology of insufficient pancreatic β-cell function to meet peripheral insulin demand. In pancreatic β-cells, mitochondria serve to integrate the metabolism of exogenous nutrients into energy output, which ultimately leads to insulin release. As such, mitochondrial dysfunction un...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Kaufman BA,Li C,Soleimanpour SA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) is a major end-product of peroxidation of membrane n-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Primary reactants for HNE are the amino acids cysteine, histidine and lysine, and quantitatively, proteins and peptides represent the most important group of HNE-targeted biomolecules. HNE-protein ad...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Poli G,Biasi F,Leonarduzzi G

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyphenols and consequently many flavonoids have several beneficial actions on human health. However, the actual molecular interactions of polyphenols with biological systems remain mostly speculative. This review addresses the potential mechanisms of action that have been so far identified, as well as the feasibilit...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Fraga CG,Galleano M,Verstraeten SV,Oteiza PI

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delivery of cytokine genes at the tumor site in pre-clinical models has been shown to recruit host inflammatory cells followed by inhibition of tumor growth. This local effect is often accompanied by systemic protection mediated by the immune system, mainly by CD8(+) T and NK cells. On this basis, cytokine gene-transd...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Minuzzo S,Moserle L,Indraccolo S,Amadori A

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this mini review we summarize recent studies from our laboratory, which show the involvement of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in cell cycle signaling. We demonstrate 4-HNE induced apoptosis in various cell lines is accompanied with c-Jun-N-terminal kinase and caspase-3 activation. Cells exposed to mild, transient, heat ...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Awasthi YC,Sharma R,Cheng JZ,Yang Y,Sharma A,Singhal SS,Awasthi S

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetes mellitus associated with mitochondrial tRNA mutation at position 3243(DM-Mt3243) is a new disease. Patients have a distinctly different picture from MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). During observations at the Saiseikai Central Hospital, the following findings...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Suzuki Y,Taniyama M,Muramatsu T,Atsumi Y,Hosokawa K,Asahina T,Shimada A,Murata C,Matsuoka K

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of many zinc metalloproteinases belonging to the metzincin family with a variety of pathological states raises the possibility of therapeutic intervention using synthetic inhibitors with appropriate selectivity. Knowledge of the catalytic domain 3D-structures for various members of the metzincin family...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Yiotakis A,Dive V

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between the components of the photoreceptor/retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/Bruch's membrane (BrMb)/choriocapillaris (CC) complex that is lost in AMD. Which component in the photoreceptor/RPE/BrMb/CC complex is affected first appears to depend on the type of AMD. In atrop...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Bhutto I,Lutty G

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiogenesis is integral to the growth and metastatic spread of tumours, and its targeting is an effective anti-tumour strategy. Currently hundreds of anti-angiogenic therapeutics exist in varying stages of development, a number of which have recently gained US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treat...

journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine

authors： Park D,Dilda PJ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00