Abstract：
:RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as one of the most important discoveries of the last years in the field of molecular biology. Following clarification of this highly conserved endogenous gene silencing mechanism, RNAi has largely been exploited as a powerful tool to uncover the function of specific genes and to understand the effects of selective gene silencing in mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo. RNAi can be induced by direct introduction of chemically synthesized siRNAs into the cell or by the use of plasmid and viral vectors encoding for siRNA allowing a more stable RNA knockdown. Potential application of this technique both as a research tool and for therapeutic purposes has led to an extensive effort to overcome some critical constraints which may limit its successful application in vivo, including off-target and non-specific effects, as well as the relatively poor stability of siRNA. This review provides a brief overview of the RNAi mechanism and of its application in preclinical animal models of cancer.
journal_name
Mol Aspects Medjournal_title
Molecular aspects of medicineauthors
Masiero M,Nardo G,Indraccolo S,Favaro Edoi
10.1016/j.mam.2006.12.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
143-66issue
1eissn
0098-2997issn
1872-9452pii
S0098-2997(07)00006-4journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A human study including 22 volunteers was conducted to investigate the antioxidative effect in blood of dietary coenzyme Q10 supplementation. The levels of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, lipid peroxidation (measured as TBARS) and the redox status of CoQ10 (reduced CoQ10/total CoQ10) were measured in plasma as marker...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0098-2997(94)90018-3
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Carnitine (L-C) is a naturally occurring quaternary ammonium compound endogenous in all mammalian species and is a vital cofactor for the mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues, and although glucose is the main energetic substrate in adult brain, fatty ...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2004.06.003
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-structural proteins encoded by the orf-I, II, III, and IV genes of the human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) genome, are critical for the modulation of cellular gene expression and T-cell proliferation, the escape from cytotoxic T-cells and natural killer cells, and virus expression. In here, we...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2010.07.001
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is a major risk factor for the development of chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancer. A main aspect of aging is the impaired function of maintaining homeostasis in the organs and body, which is associated with cellular sene...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.005
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) ensure rapid signal transmission from sensors to effectors. Reversible modification of proteins by the small proteins Ubiquitin and SUMO are involved in virtually all cellular processes and can modify thousands of proteins. Ubiquitination or SUMOylation is the reversi...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxisomes were long believed to play only a minor role in cellular metabolism but it is now clear that they catalyze a number of important functions. The importance of peroxisomes in humans is stressed by the existence of a group of genetic diseases in man in which one or more peroxisomal functions are impaired. Mos...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(98)00003-x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The global prevalence of diabesity is on the rise, and the clinical, social and economic health burden arising from this epidemic is aggravated by a significant co-morbidity of diabesity with neuropsychiatric disease, particularly depression. Importantly, not only is the prevalence of mood disorders elevated in patien...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2018.11.003
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-one healthy subjects received oral Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in soft capsules of 30 mg t.i.d. for 9 months, followed by a withdrawal period of 3 months. Blood samples were taken before start of supplementation, after 3 and 9 months of supplementation, and finally 3 months after withdrawal. Average blood coen...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0098-2997(94)90039-6
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metastasis is a complex non-stochastic process that is most likely the result of genetic and epigenetic interactions of a wide variety of genes. The search for a single gene which can encompass such a pleiotropic response as to account for the observed phenotypic characteristics of metastatic tumour populations has be...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0098-2997(90)90005-m
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The consensus of epidemiologic evidence indicates that an abundant intake of foodstuffs rich in folate conveys protection against the development of colorectal cancer, and perhaps some other common cancers as well. Pre-clinical models substantiate that the relationship is a genuinely causal one. Pre-clinical models ha...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2016.11.010
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The resolution of inflammation is a highly regulated process enacted by endogenous mediators including specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs): the lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins. SPMs activate specific cellular receptors to temper the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, diminish the recru...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2017.02.003
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly worldwide. It affects 30-50 million individuals and clinical hallmarks of AMD are observed in at least one third of persons over the age of 75 in industrialized countries (Gehrs et al., 2006). Costs associated with AMD are in exces...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2012.03.005
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a member of natural, plant-derived chemicals known as polyphenols and is attracting increased attention due to its diverse health benefits especially in case of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and neurological problems. Despite impressive gains in diagnosis and treat...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.001
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrosis denotes excessive scarring, which exceeds the normal wound healing response to injury in many tissues. Although the extracellular matrix deposition appears unstructured disrupting the normal tissue architecture and subsequently impairing proper organ function, fibrogenesis is a highly orchestrated process det...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2018.06.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All forms of diabetes share the common etiology of insufficient pancreatic β-cell function to meet peripheral insulin demand. In pancreatic β-cells, mitochondria serve to integrate the metabolism of exogenous nutrients into energy output, which ultimately leads to insulin release. As such, mitochondrial dysfunction un...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2015.01.004
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this mini review we summarize recent studies from our laboratory, which show the involvement of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in cell cycle signaling. We demonstrate 4-HNE induced apoptosis in various cell lines is accompanied with c-Jun-N-terminal kinase and caspase-3 activation. Cells exposed to mild, transient, heat ...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(03)00017-7
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis is an important source of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Despite the fact that the association between LDL cholesterol and atherosclerosis has been evident for at least three decades, our understanding of exactly how LDL precipitates atherosclerosis is still in its infancy. At least th...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(00)00005-4
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) is a major end-product of peroxidation of membrane n-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Primary reactants for HNE are the amino acids cysteine, histidine and lysine, and quantitatively, proteins and peptides represent the most important group of HNE-targeted biomolecules. HNE-protein ad...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2007.09.016
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research into the biology of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, has expanded significantly with advances in EV isolation techniques, a better understanding of the surface markers that characterize exosomes and microvesicles, and greater information derived from -omics approaches on the...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2017.09.006
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the existence of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in the expression of common biomarkers has been described by pathologists since the late 1890s, we have only recently begun to fathom the staggering extent and near ubiquity of this phenomenon. From the tumor's perspective, ITH provides a stabilizing diversity...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2015.05.001
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a natural dipeptide widely and abundantly distributed in excitable tissues of several animal tissues. Although its physiological role has not been completely understood yet, many beneficial actions have been attributed to carnosine, such as being an antioxidant, antiglycating and io...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2011.10.009
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The establishment of a functional, integrated vascular system is instrumental for tissue growth and homeostasis. Without blood vessels no adequate nutrition and oxygen would be provided to cells, nor could the undesired waste products be efficiently removed. Blood vessels constitute therefore one of the largest and mo...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2011.04.001
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The somatic mutation spectrum imprinted in the genome of a tumor represents the mutational processes that have been active in that tumor. Large sequencing efforts in various cancer types have resulted in the identification of multiple mutational signatures, of which several have been linked to specific biological mech...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six experimental groups of young (7-month-old) and aged (24-32-month-old) rats, underwent different dietary manipulations (i.e. dietary restriction and/or a vitamin E-depleted diet), and their liver mitochondria were assayed for several antioxidants and peroxidation markers. Glutathione levels were affected both by ag...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(97)00021-6
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence changes with time and by variations in diet and lifestyle, as evidenced historically by migrant studies and recently by extensive epidemiologic evidence. The worldwide heterogeneity in CRC incidence is strongly suggestive of etiological involvement of environmental exposures, particul...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2019.06.005
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus associated with mitochondrial tRNA mutation at position 3243(DM-Mt3243) is a new disease. Patients have a distinctly different picture from MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). During observations at the Saiseikai Central Hospital, the following findings...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(97)00041-1
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrosis is a common and important disease. It is a pathological state due to excessive scar formation mediated by an increase in activated fibroblasts that express alpha smooth muscle actin and copious amounts of extracellular matrix molecules. Epigenetics is an area of research that encompasses three main mechanisms...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2016.10.001
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch receptors are a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate direct cell-cell interactions and control numerous cell-fate specifications in humans. The extracellular domains of mammalian Notch proteins contain 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, most of which have O-linked glycan modifi...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2020.100938
更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the most abundant n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain where it serves to regulate several important processes and, in addition, serves as a precursor to bioactive mediators. Given that the capacity of the brain to synthesize DHA locally is appreciably low, the uptake of DHA from c...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mam.2017.12.004
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitamin E and carotenoids are known to act as antioxidants both in vitro and in vivo. In this review we present a series of studies in healthy subjects and in patients who exhibit either acute or chronic oxidative stress. In the EU-Commission funded VITAGE project we investigated the status and effects of vitamin E an...
journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0098-2997(03)00035-9
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
