Clock-driven vasopressin neurotransmission mediates anticipatory thirst prior to sleep.

abstract：:Differentiation of bone marrow derived precursors into mature T cells takes place in the thymus. During differentiation, T cells develop the receptor repertoire which allows them to recognize antigen in the context of self major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Mature T helper cells (mostly CD4+ CD8-) recog...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maruŝić-Galesić S,Stephany DA,Longo DL,Kruisbeek AM

更新日期：1988-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental fate of immature thymocytes is determined by the specificity of their T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs). Immature CD4+8+ thymocytes are positively selected to differentiate into mature T cells by recognition of peptides associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encoded molecules on thymic ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takahama Y,Suzuki H,Katz KS,Grusby MJ,Singer A

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some observations suggest that very massive stars experience extreme mass-loss episodes shortly before they explode as supernovae, as do several models. Establishing a causal connection between these mass-loss episodes and the final explosion would provide a novel way to study pre-supernova massive-star evolution. Her...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ofek EO,Sullivan M,Cenko SB,Kasliwal MM,Gal-Yam A,Kulkarni SR,Arcavi I,Bildsten L,Bloom JS,Horesh A,Howell DA,Filippenko AV,Laher R,Murray D,Nakar E,Nugent PE,Silverman JM,Shaviv NJ,Surace J,Yaron O

更新日期：2013-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In Drosophila melanogaster, the rRNA genes (rDNA) are clustered at single sites on two non-homologous chromosomes, the X and Y. Examination of the structure of X and Y rDNAs with restriction endonucleases reveals that the X rDNA contains repeating units not present in the Y. Such observations, as well as genetic evide...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tartof KD,Dawid IG

更新日期：1976-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gulf Stream transports approximately 31 Sv (1 Sv = 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) of water and 1.3 x 10(15) W of heat into the North Atlantic ocean. The possibility of abrupt changes in Gulf Stream heat transport is one of the key uncertainties in predictions of climate change for the coming centuries. Given the limited length...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lund DC,Lynch-Stieglitz J,Curry WB

更新日期：2006-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most debated questions in evolutionary biology is whether female choice of males with exaggerated sexual displays can evolve as a correlated response to selection acting on genes coding for male attractiveness or high overall viability. To date, empirical studies have provided support for parts of this scen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Qvarnström A,Brommer JE,Gustafsson L

更新日期：2006-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) are widely believed to be accelerated by shock waves associated with the expansion of supernova ejecta into the interstellar medium. A key issue in this long-standing conjecture is a theoretical prediction that the interstellar magnetic field can be substantially amplified at the shock of a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Uchiyama Y,Aharonian FA,Tanaka T,Takahashi T,Maeda Y

更新日期：2007-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumour necrosis factor is a trimeric molecule, each subunit of which consists of an antiparallel beta-sandwich. Individual subunits from the trimer by a novel edge-to-face packing of beta-sheets. A comparison of the subunit fold with that of other proteins reveals a remarkable similarity to the 'jelly-roll' structural...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jones EY,Stuart DI,Walker NP

更新日期：1989-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum light is characterized by distinctive statistical distributions that are possible only because of quantum mechanical effects. For example, single photons and correlated photon pairs exhibit photon number distributions with variance lower than classically allowed limits. This enables high-fidelity transmission ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mittal S,Goldschmidt EA,Hafezi M

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it has been proposed that the activation of T lymphocytes is mediated by an early rise in cytosolic calcium concentration, it has not been possible to mimic antigen- or mitogen-induced mouse lymphocyte activation by calcium ionophores that bypass receptor-mediated processes. There is now evidence from other s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Truneh A,Albert F,Golstein P,Schmitt-Verhulst AM

更新日期：1985-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Growing populations and agricultural intensification have led to raised riverine nitrogen (N) loads, widespread oxygen depletion in coastal zones (coastal hypoxia)1 and increases in the incidence of algal blooms.Although recent work has suggested that individual wetlands have the potential to improve water quality2-9,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cheng FY,Van Meter KJ,Byrnes DK,Basu NB

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite considerable global investment, only 60% of people who live with HIV currently receive antiretroviral therapy. The sustainability of current programmes remains unknown and key incidence rates are declining only modestly. Given the complexities and expenses associated with lifelong medication, developing an eff...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ndung'u T,McCune JM,Deeks SG

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When simian virus 40 (SV40) infects host cells, the viral genes are expressed in two phases. Early in infection, the virus genome is transcribed and translated to yield two related proteins, 'large T' and 'small t' antigens. Later the rate of synthesis of the early messenger RNA falls and the viral genes coding for th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McKay R,DiMaio D

更新日期：1981-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian neurons contain at least three types of excitatory amino-acid receptors, selectively activated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or aspartate, (S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionate ((S)-AMPA) and kainate. An important aspect of NMDA receptors is their regulation by a variety of factors such...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Traynelis SF,Cull-Candy SG

更新日期：1990-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine (ACh) released on vagal stimulation reduces the heart rate by increasing K+ conductance of pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial (S-A) node. Fluctuation analysis of ACh-activated currents in pacemaker tissue showed this to be due to opening of a separate class of K+ channels gated by muscarinic ACh receptors...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sakmann B,Noma A,Trautwein W

更新日期：1983-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:AFTER exposure to secretagogues the small intestine changes from a tissue that absorbs fluid and electrolyte from lumen to blood into a tissue that secretes electrolyte and fluid into the lumen(1-4). It has been shown that this secretion results from an increase in the passive Cl(-) permeability of the mucosal border,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ilundain A,Naftalin RJ

更新日期：1979-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Locomotion relies on neural networks called central pattern generators (CPGs) that generate periodic motor commands for rhythmic movements. In vertebrates, the excitatory synaptic drive for inducing the spinal CPG can originate from either supraspinal glutamatergic inputs or from within the spinal cord. Here we identi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wyart C,Del Bene F,Warp E,Scott EK,Trauner D,Baier H,Isacoff EY

更新日期：2009-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Achieving site selectivity in carbon-hydrogen (C-H) functionalization reactions is a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. The small differences in intrinsic reactivity of C-H bonds in any given organic molecule can lead to the activation of undesired C-H bonds by a non-selective catalyst. One solution to this...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang RY,Li G,Yu JQ

更新日期：2014-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Troponin is essential in Ca(2+) regulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. It consists of three subunits (TnT, TnC and TnI) and, together with tropomyosin, is located on the actin filament. Here we present crystal structures of the core domains (relative molecular mass of 46,000 and 52,000) of human cardia...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takeda S,Yamashita A,Maeda K,Maéda Y

更新日期：2003-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that is produced in significant quantities by aerobic marine organisms. These bacteria apparently catalyse the formation of methane through the cleavage of the highly unreactive carbon-phosphorus bond in methyl phosphonate (MPn), but the biological or terrestrial source of this compo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kamat SS,Williams HJ,Dangott LJ,Chakrabarti M,Raushel FM

更新日期：2013-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants encounter a myriad of microorganisms, particularly at the root-soil interface, that can invade with detrimental or beneficial outcomes. Prevalent beneficial associations between plants and microorganisms include those that promote plant growth by facilitating the acquisition of limiting nutrients such as nitrog...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zipfel C,Oldroyd GE

更新日期：2017-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The contractile proteins of adult skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue are very similar. Some of these proteins are identical in amino acid sequence or differ only slightly. Various structural studies have shown that the heavy and light chains of myosin are also homologous in skeletal and cardiac muscles. In developing ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Whalen RG,Sell SM

更新日期：1980-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A family of G-protein-coupled chemoattractant receptors is known to mediate the transport and activation of neutrophils and macrophages This family includes receptors for chemokines, such as interleukin-8, bacterial formylated peptides, platelet-activating factor, leukotriene B4, and the complement anaphylatoxins. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Höpken UE,Lu B,Gerard NP,Gerard C

更新日期：1996-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:To artists, the face is a mirror of the soul. To biologists, the face reflects remarkable structural diversity--think of bulldogs and wolfhounds or galapagos finches. How do such variations in skeletal form arise? Do the same mechanisms control skeletogenesis elsewhere in the body? The answers lie in the molecular mac...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Helms JA,Schneider RA

更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The Nuffield Council on Bioethics suggests that introgression of genetic material into related species in centres of crop biodiversity is an insufficient justification to bar the use of genetically modified crops in the developing world. They consider that a precautionary approach to forgo the possible benefits invoke...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Celis C,Scurrah M,Cowgill S,Chumbiauca S,Green J,Franco J,Main G,Kiezebrink D,Visser RG,Atkinson HJ

更新日期：2004-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of cell proliferation is necessary for immune responses, tissue repair, and upkeep of organ function to maintain human health. When proliferating cells complete mitosis, a fraction of newly born daughter cells immediately enter the next cell cycle, while the remaining cells in the same population exit to a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang HW,Chung M,Kudo T,Meyer T

更新日期：2017-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Many chemical and physical systems can occur in two forms distinguished solely by being mirror images of each other. This phenomenon, known as chirality, is important in biochemistry, where reactions involving chiral molecules often require the participation of one specific enantiomer (mirror image) of the two possibl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rikken GL,Raupach E

更新日期：2000-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The human transcription factor Sp1 binds upstream of certain viral and cellular promoters and activates initiation of RNA synthesis from these promoters by RNA polymerase II. The Sp1 binding sites of both simian virus 40 and a related monkey promoter contain multiple copies of the sequence GGGCGG, three or four of the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gidoni D,Dynan WS,Tjian R

更新日期：1984-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophoretic studies suggest that bacterial populations consist of a number of independent clones and that genetic recombination is rare in nature. But DNA sequencing reveals that individual bacterial genes have a mosaic structure that could have arisen only by recombination. How can these observations be reconcile...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith JM,Dowson CG,Spratt BG

更新日期：1991-01-03 00:00:00