Cloning and structure of a yeast gene encoding a general transcription initiation factor TFIID that binds to the TATA box.

abstract：:Quantum electrodynamics (resulting from the merger of quantum mechanics and relativity theory) has provided a clear understanding of phenomena ranging from particle physics to cosmology and from astrophysics to quantum chemistry. The ideas underlying quantum electrodynamics also influence the theory of condensed matte...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Novoselov KS,Geim AK,Morozov SV,Jiang D,Katsnelson MI,Grigorieva IV,Dubonos SV,Firsov AA

更新日期：2005-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In this Letter, in Fig. 3c and f the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli networks were subject to both weight loss and node deletion, a combination of two types of perturbation, as opposed to weight loss only (as the labelling incorrectly indicated). The collapse in Fig. 3h was also obtained from this combin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gao J,Barzel B,Barabási AL

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of innate immune responses by nucleic acids is crucial to protective and pathological immunities and is mediated by the transmembrane Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytosolic receptors. However, it remains unknown whether a mechanism exists that integrates these nucleic-acid-sensing systems. Here we sho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yanai H,Ban T,Wang Z,Choi MK,Kawamura T,Negishi H,Nakasato M,Lu Y,Hangai S,Koshiba R,Savitsky D,Ronfani L,Akira S,Bianchi ME,Honda K,Tamura T,Kodama T,Taniguchi T

更新日期：2009-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Venn K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In magnetic memory devices, logical bits are recorded by selectively setting the magnetization vector of individual magnetic domains either 'up' or 'down'. In such devices, the fastest and most efficient recording method involves precessional switching: when a magnetic field B(p) is applied as a write pulse over a per...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tudosa I,Stamm C,Kashuba AB,King F,Siegmann HC,Stöhr J,Ju G,Lu B,Weller D

更新日期：2004-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Using numerical simulation, Holmström et al. proposed a plausible alternative explanation of the observed Lyman-alpha absorption that was seen during the transit of HD 209458b (ref. 2). They conclude that radiation pressure alone cannot explain the observations and that a peculiar stellar wind is needed. Here we show ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lecavelier des Etangs A,Vidal-Madjar A,Désert JM

更新日期：2008-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to protein-coding sequences, the significance of variation in non-coding DNA in human disease has been minimally explored. A great number of recent genome-wide association studies suggest that non-coding variation is a significant risk factor for common disorders, but the mechanisms by which this variation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Visel A,Rubin EM,Pennacchio LA

更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T (T(reg)) cells are a critical sub-population of CD4+ T cells that are essential for maintaining self tolerance and preventing autoimmunity, for limiting chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease, and for regulating homeostatic lymphocyte expansion. However, they also sup...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Collison LW,Workman CJ,Kuo TT,Boyd K,Wang Y,Vignali KM,Cross R,Sehy D,Blumberg RS,Vignali DA

更新日期：2007-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A human myelomonocytic cell line, U937, produced an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) which was purified and partially sequenced. A complementary DNA coding for IRAP was cloned and sequenced. The mature translation product of the cDNA has been expressed in Escherichia coli and was an active compe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carter DB,Deibel MR Jr,Dunn CJ,Tomich CS,Laborde AL,Slightom JL,Berger AE,Bienkowski MJ,Sun FF,McEwan RN

更新日期：1990-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the structure of DNA transformed biology profoundly, catalysing the sequencing of the human genome and engendering a new view of biology as an information science. Two features of DNA structure account for much of its remarkable impact on science: its digital nature and its complementarity, whereby on...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hood L,Galas D

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In several well-characterized site-specific recombination systems it has been shown that, for efficient recombination, the two recombining sites must have identical DNA sequences across the region between the staggered points of exchange. The precise DNA sequence of this overlap region, however, appears to be of littl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Falvey E,Hatfull GF,Grindley ND

更新日期：1988-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain development and function depend on the precise regulation of gene expression. However, our understanding of the complexity and dynamics of the transcriptome of the human brain is incomplete. Here we report the generation and analysis of exon-level transcriptome and associated genotyping data, representing males ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kang HJ,Kawasawa YI,Cheng F,Zhu Y,Xu X,Li M,Sousa AM,Pletikos M,Meyer KA,Sedmak G,Guennel T,Shin Y,Johnson MB,Krsnik Z,Mayer S,Fertuzinhos S,Umlauf S,Lisgo SN,Vortmeyer A,Weinberger DR,Mane S,Hyde TM,Huttner A

更新日期：2011-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental challenge to our understanding of biodiversity is to explain why some groups of species undergo adaptive radiations, diversifying extensively into many and varied species, whereas others do not. Both extrinsic environmental factors (for example, resource availability, climate) and intrinsic lineage-speci...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wagner CE,Harmon LJ,Seehausen O

更新日期：2012-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in the brain behave as nonlinear oscillators, which develop rhythmic activity and interact to process information. Taking inspiration from this behaviour to realize high-density, low-power neuromorphic computing will require very large numbers of nanoscale nonlinear oscillators. A simple estimation indicates t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Torrejon J,Riou M,Araujo FA,Tsunegi S,Khalsa G,Querlioz D,Bortolotti P,Cros V,Yakushiji K,Fukushima A,Kubota H,Yuasa S,Stiles MD,Grollier J

更新日期：2017-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is responsible for transcribing all messenger RNAs in eukaryotic cells during a highly regulated process that is conserved from yeast to human, and that serves as a central control point for cellular function. Here we investigate the transcription dynamics of single RNAP II molecules from S...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Galburt EA,Grill SW,Wiedmann A,Lubkowska L,Choy J,Nogales E,Kashlev M,Bustamante C

更新日期：2007-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, is essential for tumour progression. Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen that was first isolated from the serum and urine of tumour-bearing mice, inhibits angiogenesis and thereby growth of primary and metastatic tumours. Radiothe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mauceri HJ,Hanna NN,Beckett MA,Gorski DH,Staba MJ,Stellato KA,Bigelow K,Heimann R,Gately S,Dhanabal M,Soff GA,Sukhatme VP,Kufe DW,Weichselbaum RR

更新日期：1998-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:During an immune response, hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes in B cells proliferating within germinal centres (GCs) generates variant antibodies that react with higher affinity against either foreign or self antigens. Several experiments suggest that self-reactive B cells may be censored at this stage of the immun...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shokat KM,Goodnow CC

更新日期：1995-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Conjugate (or 1,4-) additions of carbanionic species to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds are vital to research in organic and medicinal chemistry, and there are several chiral catalysts that facilitate the catalytic enantioselective additions of nucleophiles to enoates. Nonetheless, catalytic enantioselective 1,6-co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Meng F,Li X,Torker S,Shi Y,Shen X,Hoveyda AH

更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mineralocorticoid secretion is predominantly controlled by the octapeptide angiotensin II, which exerts trophic actions on the adrenal glomerulosa and acute regulatory effects on aldosterone biosynthesis. The trophic actions include stimulation of angiotensin II receptors and enzymes of the aldosterone biosynthetic pa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Aguilera G,Schirar A,Baukal A,Catt KJ

更新日期：1981-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays a key role in our understanding of nature. In relativistic quantum field theory, a broken continuous symmetry leads to the emergence of two types of fundamental excitation: massless Nambu-Goldstone modes and a massive 'Higgs' amplitude mode. An excitation of Higgs type is of crucial...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Endres M,Fukuhara T,Pekker D,Cheneau M,Schauss P,Gross C,Demler E,Kuhr S,Bloch I

更新日期：2012-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Woolston C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of microtubules has been investigated by time-resolved X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. The small-angle scattering becomes visible within seconds and thus enables study of the structural transitions of the protein aggregates during assembly from their subunits in solution. The X-ray pattern ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mandelkow EM,Harmsen A,Mandelkow E,Bordas J

更新日期：1980-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian telomeres repress DNA-damage activation at natural chromosome ends by recruiting specific inhibitors of the DNA-damage machinery that form a protective complex termed shelterin. Within this complex, TRF2 (also known as TERF2) has a crucial role in end protection through the suppression of ATM activation and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Okamoto K,Bartocci C,Ouzounov I,Diedrich JK,Yates JR 3rd,Denchi EL

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Human lymphocytes have been shown to lyse in vitro a large variety of target cells derived from tumour as well as normal tissues. The effector cells involved in this spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) have generally been characterised as lymphocytes which lack surface membrane immunoglobulin (sIg) and lack ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： de Vries JE,Mendelsohn J,Bont WS

更新日期：1980-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The most basic objection to human embryonic stem (ES) cell research is rooted in the fact that ES cell derivation deprives embryos of any further potential to develop into a complete human being. ES cell lines are conventionally isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts and, in a few instances, from cleavage st...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung Y,Klimanskaya I,Becker S,Marh J,Lu SJ,Johnson J,Meisner L,Lanza R

更新日期：2006-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The signature of Dansgaard-Oeschger events--millennial-scale abrupt climate oscillations during the last glacial period--is well established in ice cores and marine records. But the effects of such events in continental settings are not as clear, and their absolute chronology is uncertain beyond the limit of (14)C dat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Genty D,Blamart D,Ouahdi R,Gilmour M,Baker A,Jouzel J,Van-Exter S

更新日期：2003-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of anthropogenic aerosols on cloud droplet concentrations and radiative properties is the source of one of the largest uncertainties in the radiative forcing of climate over the industrial period. This uncertainty affects our ability to estimate how sensitive the climate is to greenhouse gas emissions. Here...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carslaw KS,Lee LA,Reddington CL,Pringle KJ,Rap A,Forster PM,Mann GW,Spracklen DV,Woodhouse MT,Regayre LA,Pierce JR

更新日期：2013-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In BRAF(V600)-mutant tumours, most mechanisms of resistance to drugs that target the BRAF and/or MEK kinases rely on reactivation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway, on activation of the alternative, PI(3)K-AKT-mTOR, pathway (which is ERK independent) or on modul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Boussemart L,Malka-Mahieu H,Girault I,Allard D,Hemmingsson O,Tomasic G,Thomas M,Basmadjian C,Ribeiro N,Thuaud F,Mateus C,Routier E,Kamsu-Kom N,Agoussi S,Eggermont AM,Désaubry L,Robert C,Vagner S

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zunger A

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Networks have become a key approach to understanding systems of interacting objects, unifying the study of diverse phenomena including biological organisms and human society. One crucial step when studying the structure and dynamics of networks is to identify communities: groups of related nodes that correspond to fun...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ahn YY,Bagrow JP,Lehmann S

更新日期：2010-08-05 00:00:00