Embryonic and extraembryonic stem cell lines derived from single mouse blastomeres.

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hodson R

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmembrane sodium-ion gradients provide energy that can be harnessed by 'secondary transporters' to drive the translocation of solute molecules into a cell. Decades of study have shown that such sodium-coupled transporters are involved in many physiological processes, making them targets for the treatment of numero...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krishnamurthy H,Piscitelli CL,Gouaux E

更新日期：2009-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterotrimeric G proteins mediate a variety of cellular processes by coupling transmembrane receptors to different effector molecules, including adenylyl cyclases and inositol-phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (PLC)1-3. Activation of adenylyl cyclases results in the production of cyclic AMP and activation of c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu M,Simon MI

更新日期：1996-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Nine neurodegenerative diseases are caused by expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts in different proteins, such as huntingtin in Huntington's disease and ataxin 3 in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). Age at onset of disease decreases with increasing polyglutamine length in these proteins and the normal length also...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ashkenazi A,Bento CF,Ricketts T,Vicinanza M,Siddiqi F,Pavel M,Squitieri F,Hardenberg MC,Imarisio S,Menzies FM,Rubinsztein DC

更新日期：2017-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The most unique feature of Earth is the existence of life, and the most extraordinary feature of life is its diversity. Approximately 9 million types of plants, animals, protists and fungi inhabit the Earth. So, too, do 7 billion people. Two decades ago, at the first Earth Summit, the vast majority of the world's nati...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cardinale BJ,Duffy JE,Gonzalez A,Hooper DU,Perrings C,Venail P,Narwani A,Mace GM,Tilman D,Wardle DA,Kinzig AP,Daily GC,Loreau M,Grace JB,Larigauderie A,Srivastava DS,Naeem S

更新日期：2012-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells sense the context in which they grow to adapt their phenotype and allow multicellular patterning by mechanisms of autocrine and paracrine signalling. However, patterns also form in cell populations exposed to the same signalling molecules and substratum, which often correlate with specific features of the popula...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frechin M,Stoeger T,Daetwyler S,Gehin C,Battich N,Damm EM,Stergiou L,Riezman H,Pelkmans L

更新日期：2015-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Seventeen hominoid fossils recovered from Pliocene strata at Aramis, Middle Awash, Ethiopia make up a series comprising dental, cranial and postcranial specimens dated to around 4.4 million years ago. When compared with Australopithecus afarensis and with modern and fossil apes the Aramis fossil hominids are recognize...

journal_title：Nature

authors： White TD,Suwa G,Asfaw B

更新日期：1994-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Extant vertebrates form two clades, the jawless Cyclostomata (lampreys and hagfishes) and the jawed Gnathostomata (all other vertebrates), with contrasting facial architectures. These arise during development from just a few key differences in the growth patterns of the cranial primordia: notably, the nasal sacs and h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dupret V,Sanchez S,Goujet D,Tafforeau P,Ahlberg PE

更新日期：2014-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Paired-associate learning is often used to examine episodic memory in humans. Animal models include the recall of food-cache locations by scrub jays and sequential memory. Here we report a model in which rats encode, during successive sample trials, two paired associates (flavours of food and their spatial locations) ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Day M,Langston R,Morris RG

更新日期：2003-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The midbrain region periaqueductal grey (PAG) is rich in opioid receptors and endogenous opioids and is a major target of analgesic action in the central nervous system. It has been proposed that the analgesic effect of opioids on the PAG works by suppressing the inhibitory influence of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamm...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vaughan CW,Ingram SL,Connor MA,Christie MJ

更新日期：1997-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structure of the 67K amino-terminal fragment of Escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase I has been determined to 2.2 A resolution. The polypeptide folds in an unusual way to give four distinct domains enclosing a hole large enough to accommodate a double-stranded DNA. The active-site tyrosyl residue, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lima CD,Wang JC,Mondragón A

更新日期：1994-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical population-genetics theory suggests that reproductive isolation will evolve fastest in small isolated populations. In contrast, recent theory suggests that divergence should occur fastest in larger allopatric populations. The rationale behind this is that sexual conflict, potentially the strongest driver of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Martin OY,Hosken DJ

更新日期：2003-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is conserved in all eukaryotes and introduces the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoAs. Because the monounsaturated products of SCD are key precursors of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides, SCD is pivotal in fatty acid metabolism. Humans have two SCD ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bai Y,McCoy JG,Levin EJ,Sobrado P,Rajashankar KR,Fox BG,Zhou M

更新日期：2015-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Our current understanding of immunology was largely defined in laboratory mice, partly because they are inbred and genetically homogeneous, can be genetically manipulated, allow kinetic tissue analyses to be carried out from the onset of disease, and permit the use of tractable disease models. Comparably reductionist ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beura LK,Hamilton SE,Bi K,Schenkel JM,Odumade OA,Casey KA,Thompson EA,Fraser KA,Rosato PC,Filali-Mouhim A,Sekaly RP,Jenkins MK,Vezys V,Haining WN,Jameson SC,Masopust D

更新日期：2016-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:During biosynthesis, class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex are associated with a nonpolymorphic protein called invariant chain, Ii, which facilitates folding of class II molecules and their exit from the endoplasmic reticulum, interferes with their association with peptide and directs their post-G...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Peterson M,Miller J

更新日期：1992-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Humoral immune responses to immunization and infection and susceptibilities to antibody-mediated autoimmunity are generally lower in males1-3. However, the mechanisms underlying such sexual dimorphism are not well understood. Here we show that there are intrinsic differences between the B cells that produce germinal c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhao R,Chen X,Ma W,Zhang J,Guo J,Zhong X,Yao J,Sun J,Rubinfien J,Zhou X,Wang J,Qi H

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Group I and II introns are mobile elements that propagate by insertion into different genes. Some introns of both types self-splice in vitro by transesterification reactions catalysed by the intron RNA. These transesterifications are reversible, and it has been suggested that reverse splicing followed by reverse trans...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mohr G,Lambowitz AM

更新日期：1991-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to renew themselves and to give rise to all lineages of the blood; however, the signals that regulate HSC self-renewal remain unclear. Here we show that the Wnt signalling pathway has an important role in this process. Overexpression of activated beta-catenin expands t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reya T,Duncan AW,Ailles L,Domen J,Scherer DC,Willert K,Hintz L,Nusse R,Weissman IL

更新日期：2003-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Diffuse gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumours in adults and include glioblastomas and World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and grade III tumours (sometimes referred to as lower-grade gliomas). Genetic tumour profiling is used to classify disease and guide therapy1,2, but involves brain surgery for ti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller AM,Shah RH,Pentsova EI,Pourmaleki M,Briggs S,Distefano N,Zheng Y,Skakodub A,Mehta SA,Campos C,Hsieh WY,Selcuklu SD,Ling L,Meng F,Jing X,Samoila A,Bale TA,Tsui DWY,Grommes C,Viale A,Souweidane MM,Tabar V,

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type Ia supernovae have been used empirically as 'standard candles' to demonstrate the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe even though fundamental details, such as the nature of their progenitor systems and how the stars explode, remain a mystery. There is consensus that a white dwarf star explodes after acc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nugent PE,Sullivan M,Cenko SB,Thomas RC,Kasen D,Howell DA,Bersier D,Bloom JS,Kulkarni SR,Kandrashoff MT,Filippenko AV,Silverman JM,Marcy GW,Howard AW,Isaacson HT,Maguire K,Suzuki N,Tarlton JE,Pan YC,Bildsten L,Ful

更新日期：2011-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:'Identifier' or ID sequences are present in 62% of the RNA polymerase II and III transcripts made in vitro from brain nuclei but in fewer than 4% of the transcripts made from the nuclei of other tissues. An homologous 160-nucleotide cytoplasmic poly(A)+ RNA species, BC1, and a smaller species, BC2, are located in vivo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sutcliffe JG,Milner RJ,Gottesfeld JM,Lerner RA

更新日期：1984-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue disease is caused by four different flavivirus serotypes, which infect 390 million people yearly with 25% symptomatic cases and for which no licensed vaccine is available. Recent phase III vaccine trials showed partial protection, and in particular no protection for dengue virus serotype 2 (refs 3, 4). Structur...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rouvinski A,Guardado-Calvo P,Barba-Spaeth G,Duquerroy S,Vaney MC,Kikuti CM,Navarro Sanchez ME,Dejnirattisai W,Wongwiwat W,Haouz A,Girard-Blanc C,Petres S,Shepard WE,Desprès P,Arenzana-Seisdedos F,Dussart P,Mongkolsapaya J

更新日期：2015-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-scale studies of genomic variation could assist efforts to eliminate malaria. But there are scientific, ethical and practical challenges to carrying out such studies in developing countries, where the burden of disease is greatest. The Malaria Genomic Epidemiology Network (MalariaGEN) is now working to overcome ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Malaria Genomic Epidemiology Network.

更新日期：2008-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood vessel growth in the skeletal system and osteogenesis seem to be coupled, suggesting the existence of molecular crosstalk between endothelial and osteoblastic cells. Understanding the nature of the mechanisms linking angiogenesis and bone formation should be of great relevance for improved fracture healing or pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ramasamy SK,Kusumbe AP,Wang L,Adams RH

更新日期：2014-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A 7-A resolution map of the purple membrane has been obtained by electron microscopy of tilted, unstained specimens. The protein in the membrane contains seven, closely packed, alpha-helical segments which extend roughly perpendicular to the plane of the membrane for most of its width. Lipid bilayer regions fill the s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Henderson R,Unwin PN

更新日期：1975-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear-architecture defects have been shown to correlate with the manifestation of a number of human diseases as well as ageing. It is therefore plausible that diseases whose manifestations correlate with ageing might be connected to the appearance of nuclear aberrations over time. We decided to evaluate nuclear orga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu GH,Qu J,Suzuki K,Nivet E,Li M,Montserrat N,Yi F,Xu X,Ruiz S,Zhang W,Wagner U,Kim A,Ren B,Li Y,Goebl A,Kim J,Soligalla RD,Dubova I,Thompson J,Yates J 3rd,Esteban CR,Sancho-Martinez I,Izpisua Belmonte JC

更新日期：2012-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The biological importance of DNA methylation for gene expression in eukaryotes is becoming increasingly evident, and a direct role of methylation in gene expression has been suggested by an analysis of the infectivity of integrated retroviral genomes in a transfection assay. These studies, however, did not address whe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Simon D,Stuhlmann H,Jähner D,Wagner H,Werner E,Jaenisch R

更新日期：1983-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Witze A

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory is believed to depend on activity-dependent changes in the strength of synapses. In part, this view is based on evidence that the efficacy of synapses can be enhanced or depressed depending on the timing of pre- and postsynaptic activity. However, when such plastic synapses are incorporated into neural network ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Royer S,Paré D

更新日期：2003-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The first event in the initiation of an immune response is the capture and presentation of antigen to T cells. Such presentation involves two distinct steps: (1) display of the antigen, which requires uptake, processing and re-expression of the antigen in association with MHC molecules on the presenting cell surface; ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lassila O,Vainio O,Matzinger P

更新日期：1988-07-21 00:00:00