Abstract:
:Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a potentially blinding fibrotic complication. It is caused by the formation and contraction of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) that ultimately lead to retinal folds and traction retinal detachments. While multiple cell types have been identified in ERMs, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells have long been implicated as a key player in the pathophysiology of PVR. Clinical and experimental evidence has shown that RPE cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to adopt a fibroblastic phenotype. Cell-cell adhesions maintained by adherens and tight junctions are important for the maintenance of RPE phenotype, and disruption of these junctional complexes results in EMT via activation of signaling pathways such as β-catenin/Wnt and Hippo signaling, as well as transcription factors involving Zeb1, Snail, and ZONAB. Upon EMT, RPE cells can further differentiate into myofibroblasts in the presence of TGF-β with cytoskeletal tension mediated by RhoGTPase. These fibroblasts and myofibroblasts derived from RPE cells can contribute to ERM formation by cell migration, proliferation and matrix modification, and play a key role in ERM contraction. It is not solely the proliferation of these cells that results in PVR but rather the contraction of these cells in the ERM.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Tamiya S,Kaplan HJdoi
10.1016/j.exer.2015.02.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
26-31eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(15)00042-1journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have used a polyclonal antiserum to bovine ciliary epithelium, a secretory tissue involved in the formation of aqueous humor, to immunoscreen a directional lambda gt11 Sfi-Not cDNA expression library prepared from bovine ciliary epithelium poly(A)+ RNA. After immunoscreening 6 x 10(5) independent clones, 41 cDNA cl...
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.2000.0936
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(91)90086-t
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1996.0212
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doi:10.1016/j.exer.2007.12.004
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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abstract::Although primary cultures of human lens epithelial (HLE) cells provide important information concerning the role of epithelium in normal lens and cataract formation, the lack of a cell line precludes a broad range of studies on the metabolism and molecular biology of these cells. We have, therefore developed an HLE ce...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited disorder that may lead to blindness. In the rhodopsin S334ter-line-3 rat model of RP, the death of rods induces spatial rearrangement of cones into regular ring mosaics. Using this model, we discovered that the ring mosaics are restored to a homogeneous distribution upon appli...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
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更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00