Abstract:
:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a devastating and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system for which effective therapies are lacking. It is caused by the replication of polyomavirus JC (JCV) in the oligodendrocytes and astrocytes leading to their cytolytic death and loss of myelin from the subcortical white matter. While the virus is very common in human populations worldwide, the incidence of the disease is very low and confined almost exclusively to individuals with some form of immunological dysfunction. However, the number of people who constitute the at-risk population is growing larger and includes individuals with HIV-1/AIDS and patients receiving immunomodulatory therapies such as multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab. Further adding to the public health significance of this disease are the difficulties encountered in the diagnosis of PML and the lack of useful biomarkers for PML progression. In this review, we examine the diagnostic assays that are available for different aspects of the JCV life cycle, their usefulness and drawbacks, and the prospects for improvements.
journal_name
Rev Med Viroljournal_title
Reviews in medical virologyauthors
White MK,Sariyer IK,Gordon J,Delbue S,Pietropaolo V,Berger JR,Khalili Kdoi
10.1002/rmv.1866subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-01 00:00:00pages
102-14issue
2eissn
1052-9276issn
1099-1654journal_volume
26pub_type
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