Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review was to summarize recent studies on the effect of early antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected patients on markers of immune activation/inflammation, viral persistence and serious non-AIDS events. RECENT FINDINGS:Early ART, initiated within days to months of HIV infection, was associated with marked reduction in T-cell activation often reaching levels observed in HIV-uninfected individuals. However, the impact of early ART on markers of innate immune activation, microbial translocation and inflammation/coagulation was less clear. Early ART has also been associated with a significant reduction in the frequency of latently infected cells, which was greater if ART was initiated within days to weeks rather than months following infection. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between immune activation and viral reservoirs, specifically following early ART. Early ART may potentially reduce serious non-AIDS events and associated mortality, but most of these studies have extrapolated from changes in surrogate markers, such as CD4 : CD8 ratio. SUMMARY:Early ART was associated with beneficial effects on multiple markers of immune activation, inflammation and viral persistence. Longer term prospective studies are still needed to determine whether early ART translates to a significant reduction in serious non-AIDS events and mortality.
journal_name
Curr Opin HIV AIDSjournal_title
Current opinion in HIV and AIDSauthors
Rajasuriar R,Wright E,Lewin SRdoi
10.1097/COH.0000000000000118subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
35-42issue
1eissn
1746-630Xissn
1746-6318journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B infection is rarely curative, thus research in HBV cure strategies is a priority. Drug development and testing has been hampered by the lack of robust cell culture systems and small animal models. This review summarizes existing models for HBV cure research an...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000616
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000500
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute and early HIV (AHI) is a pivotal time during HIV infection, yet there remain major shortfalls in diagnosis, linkage to care, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during AHI. We introduce an AHI-specific cascade, review recent evidence pertaining to the unique challenges of AHI, and discus...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000193
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The humoral immune response to HIV-1 throughout infection is comprised of complex mixtures of antibody isotypes with numerous HIV-1 specificities. However, unlike antibody responses to most infections, protective antibody responses are delayed and do not arise until long after HIV-1 latency is establi...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832f00c0
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review addresses the role of dolutegravir (DTG) in first-line therapy. In the era of test and treat, where United Nations AIDS Program and WHO have set the ambitious targets of 90/90/90, new efficacious, well tolerated, and simple therapeutic options are needed. RECENT FINDINGS:DTG has been teste...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000388
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000181
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in HIV has changed significantly over the past decade. This review will outline the current epidemiology of HCV in HIV infection, focusing on the recent changes and factors which have been related to the increase in HCV transmission in HIV-infected men who h...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834b4974
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines evidence regarding the differential effects of high dead-space syringes (HDSS) and low dead-space syringes (LDSS) on HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). It also identifies areas for additional research and examines potential barriers to interventions that promot...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328354a276
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32833860ba
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3283536ab2
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Deep sequencing of the V3 region of the HIV envelope gene can detect minority non-R5 variants in patients with high sensitivity and specificity. As next-generation sequencing approaches have matured, the clinical utility of deep sequencing for HIV tropism has entered the clinic. Accurate and sensitive...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328356e9da
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Botswana, a small country in southern Africa, has had a very high prevalence of HIV since about 1995. It seems important to analyze the response of this country to help us understand how it became one of the first nations to achieve the 90-90-90 targets. RECENT FINDINGS:Botswana began a national prog...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000580
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32835ea1c5
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Here we present recent studies examining the gastrointestinal tract during primary HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus infections and emphasizing the onset of severe pathologic processes that are not adequately reflected in peripheral blood. We discuss these findings and hypotheses relating to the r...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f331b0
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The recent findings pertaining to the public health impact of schistosomiasis on the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS are summarized. RECENT FINDINGS:Both empiric data and mathematical models support the hypothesis that schistosome infections lead to increased susceptibility to infection with HIV-1, a more r...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328351b9e3
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the changes in the presentation of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) comparing the current combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) treatment era to the pre-cART era. RECENT FINDINGS:The frequency of the most severe stage of HAND, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), has decreased...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000102
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to describe progress in research and development of vaccines to prevent HIV/AIDS, emphasizing clinical trials and human studies published during the past year. RECENT FINDINGS:Clinical trial design depends, in large part, on whether vaccines are expected to provide protecti...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.COH.0000232340.77790.7a
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although there has been a significant increase in mHealth interventions addressing the HIV prevention and care continuum, interventions using game mechanics have been less explored. Digital games are rapidly becoming an important tool for improving health behaviors and supporting the delivery of care ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000399
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:RNA interference is a type of nucleic-acid-based immunity used by cells to restrict transposons, transgenes and viruses. The RNA interference machinery targets long double-stranded RNAs to produce short RNAs that arm cellular ribonucleases to degrade foreign RNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Despite...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282fbaaba
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The interaction between fall and fracture risk factors is an area of increasing clinical relevance, but little information is known about the age-specific issues in bone health unique to HIV-infected adults. The present review will focus on what is known about falls and fall risk factors among HIV-inf...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000258
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV-1 mucosal transmission plays a critical role in HIV-1 infection and AIDS pathogenesis. This review summarizes the latest advances in biological studies of HIV-1 mucosal transmission, highlighting the implications of these studies in the development of microbicides to prevent HIV-1 transmission. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830634c6
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Evidence-based strategies are needed to address the growing complexity of care of those ageing with HIV so that as life expectancy is extended, quality of life is also enhanced. RECENT FINDINGS:Modifiable contributing factors to the quantity and quality of life in adults ageing with HIV include: burd...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000305
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To determine whether current evidence and expert opinion support the routine use of anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy in men who have sex with men. RECENT FINDINGS:Most recently published guidelines do not recommend routine anal cytology, but anal cancer is undoubtedly a serious and growing ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/coh.0b013e32831a6fe0
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:People with HIV continue to live with the health consequences of an episodic illness that limits their ability to fully participate in society, particularly for the growing number of older people living with HIV. The present review describes the recent evidence exploring the psychosocial challenges fa...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000071
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:As understanding and integrating the structural and biomedical determinants of HIV infection is essential for the success of prevention efforts, there is a need for biomedical and social scientists to work together. RECENT FINDINGS:A review of the biomedical research literature indicates that the two...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830136a0
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Approximately 150-175 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Until very recently, the complexity, cost and poor efficacy and tolerability of pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PEG-RBV) treatment have hindered scale up in low-income and middle-income countries (L&MICs). Similarly, t...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000180
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this paper is to assess the contribution of antiretroviral therapy to cardiovascular disease, by evaluating relevant clinical and surrogate outcome studies. RECENT FINDINGS:A large proportion of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy develop insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, particul...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282fb7bcf
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Outcomes among young people living with HIV (YPLWH) remain disturbingly poor. We summarize recent research on youth-friendly services (YFS) and adolescent-specific differentiated care models, which may improve outcomes across the HIV care continuum for this vulnerable population. We further emphasize ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000454
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00