Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Critically ill intensive care patients are subjected to controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) which has an important association in triggering the impaired muscle function and the consequent delayed weaning from the respirator. AIM:The main aim of this study was to measure the effects of age and CMV over a period up to 5days on rat diaphragm muscle fibers, more specifically focusing on the changes in fiber structure and function. METHODS:Diaphragm muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and force generating capacity were measured in young (6months) and old (28-32months) rats in response to five days of CMV. To investigate the biological age of the old rats in this rat strain (F344 BN hybrid), a second set of experiments comparing muscle fiber size and specific force (maximum force normalized to CSA) was investigated in fast- and slow-twitch distal hind limb muscles in 3 different age groups: young adults (6months), middle aged (18months) and old rats (28months). RESULTS:This study shows an unexpected response of the diaphragm fibers to 5days CMV, demonstrating an increased CSA (p<0.001) in both young and old animals. Furthermore, an observed decreased maximum force of 39.8-45.2% (p<0.001) in both young and old animals compared with controls resulted in a dramatic loss of specific force. We suggest that this increase in CSA and decrease in specific force observed in both the young and old diaphragm fibers is an ineffective compensatory hypertrophy in response to the CMV. These results demonstrate an important mechanism of significant importance for the weaning problems associated with mechanical ventilation.
journal_name
Exp Gerontoljournal_title
Experimental gerontologyauthors
Cacciani N,Ogilvie H,Larsson Ldoi
10.1016/j.exger.2014.06.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
28-33eissn
0531-5565issn
1873-6815pii
S0531-5565(14)00203-4journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aged traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients suffer higher rates of mortality and disability than younger patients. Cognitive problems common to TBI patients are associated with damage to the hippocampus, a central locus of learning and memory. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of age-related vulnerability to brai...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2006.07.006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging in Brown Norway rats is accompanied by the reduced production of testosterone by the Leydig cells, the testicular cells responsible for synthesizing and secreting this essential steroid. As yet, the mechanism by which Leydig cell steroidogenesis is reduced is unknown. Herein we assess the production of mitochond...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(01)00118-8
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:Age-related metabolic diseases are often associated with low-grade inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α in the potential beneficial effects of exercise training and/or resveratrol in the prevention of age-associated low-grade in...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2013.07.015
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been often demonstrated that during senescence some neurons undergo atrophic changes while others add new processes and terminals. Because microtubules form a substantial component of the dendritic and axonal cytoskeleton, we have studied the amount of tubulin and acetylated alpha-tubulin in three young (6 mont...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(92)90034-w
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The loss of bone mineral with aging and subsequent development of osteoporosis is a common problem in elderly women, and as life expectancy increases, in elderly men as well. Space flight also causes bone loss and could be a limiting factor for long duration missions, such as, a Mars expedition or extended occupation ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(91)90011-a
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human diploid lung fibroblasts (IMR-90) were used to investigate the reported increase in beta-adrenergic-stimulated cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) levels in fibroblasts aged in culture. Under basal conditions cellular cAMP was 34.2 +/- 5.6 and 38.4 +/- 9.1 pmol/mg protein in early (PDL 22-24) and late (P...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(92)90056-6
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether the implementation of a multifactorial falls intervention in nursing homes is cost-beneficial and alleviates the professional workload. DESIGN:A comprehensive quantitative model was developed to calculate the impact of investments in multifactorial falls prevention in nursing homes in...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111173
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calorie restriction (CR) and a reduced growth hormone (GH) signal affect insulin sensitivity and lifespan in mammals in a similar manner. We investigated the effects of CR and moderate inhibition of GH on glucose-stimulated activation of insulin signaling and the expression of genes related to fat metabolism in white ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2009.07.002
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to establish the role of calcitonin (CT) in postmenopausal bone loss, we studied CT metabolism in 25 pre- and postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women presented a highly significant reduction of CT basal levels compared to premenopausal females (p less than 0.01). Also, production rates of CT in osteoporoti...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(90)90072-a
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of deleting both catalase genes and of increased oxygen as well as paraquat (a pro-oxidant) on the replicative life span of yeast mother cells has been investigated to test the so-called oxygen theory of aging. This is well established in higher organisms, but has not been extensively tested in the unicellu...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(99)00087-x
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a mentally fatiguing task on postural responses to unexpected backward perturbations in sixteen young and sixteen older women. Postural responses were characterized by center of pressure (COP) displacement, corrective COP peak velocity, and electromyography (EMG) ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.110840
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been some observations that low body weight and a low level of some hormones (e.g. IGF-1) during the first half of life are predictors of longer life in mice. However, contradictions in the available data on the biomarkers of aging and predictors of longevity have shown that the research in these fields has...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2003.12.007
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The age-dependent modifications of both basal and lymphokine-induced natural killer (NK) activity were analyzed in Balb/c inbred mice by measuring either the percentage of specific lytic activity in a 51 Cr release assay or the percentage of cells capable of binding the YAC-1 target cells. The basal lytic activity of ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(89)90014-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like the weather, many people talk about aging, but no one seems able to do anything about it. This implacability derives, at least in part, from our inability to provide a conceptual base from which analytic insight might derive. The emerging field of nonlinear thermodynamics presents a new view of the universe. It r...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(86)90039-2
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in aged hosts contribute to the age-related increase of susceptibility to murine breast adenocarcinoma and co-stimulatory molecules expressed in MDSCs are essential for MDSCs-mediated immune suppression. However, the co-stimulatory molecules that exert a direct ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.001
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dystrophin-deficiency causes cardiomyopathies and shortens the life expectancy of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy patients. Restoring Dystrophin expression in the heart by gene transfer is a promising avenue to explore as a therapy. Truncated Dystrophin gene constructs have been engineered and shown to alleviat...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2013.10.015
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article gives some information on the French research on aging using a survey of the European Commission on research on aging in Europe and the answers to a questionnaire sent to the laboratories involved in aging research. France is involved in the European effort, but to a lesser degree than could be expected f...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00164-9
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::At 11 and 30 degrees C there was no change in the amount or in the buoyant density of nuclear DNA of male Oregon R Drosophila melanogaster with aging. When normal flies were maintained at 11 degrees C (at which temperature they do not fly), mitochondrial DNA content declined gradually with aging and 39.4% of the origi...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(87)90048-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare voluntary and involuntary force generating capacity of the triceps surae muscles in healthy young and older adult participants during isometric and isokinetic contractions. Ultrasound was used to measure medial gastrocnemius (MG) fascicle length during maximal voluntary isometric c...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2013.07.007
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol ingestion has been implicated in accidental hypothermia of the elderly, but there is no prior data on the relative sensitivity to alcohol of aged homeotherms that might account for disproportionate dysthermia in this age group. To assess their sensitivity, ethanol (0.5-2.0 g/kg) or H20 was given by gavage to s...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(83)90047-5
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Degeneration of tongue muscles with aging may contribute to swallowing deficits observed in elderly people. However, the capacity for tongue muscle stem cells (SCs) to regenerate and repair the aged tongue and improve tongue strength following tongue exercise (a current clinical treatment) has never been examined. We ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111104
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An intermission in the training routine, in which older adults refrain from regular structured exercise, may have deleterious effects on muscle performance and bioelectric phase angle (PhA), which is a predictive marker for cellular integrity. PURPOSE:To determine the effects of a 2-week detraining period o...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111175
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated that in vitro stimulated splenic B cells from senescent mice are deficient in production of multiple class switch isotypes, class switch recombination (CSR), induction of the E2A-encoded transcription factor E47, and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) which is necessary for CSR and ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2006.09.003
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that fecundity, like mortality, plateaus at late ages in cohorts of Drosophila melanogaster. Although evolutionary theory can explain the decline and plateau in cohort fecundity at late ages, it is conceivable that lifelong heterogeneity in individual female fecundity is producing th...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2005.06.006
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the contribution of body fat distribution, peak VO2, fat mass, and dietary intake to variation in plasma lipids in elderly individuals. Volunteers were a healthy cohort of older Caucasian women (n = 75, mean age +/- SD, 72 +/- 5 years) and older men (n = 101, 72 +/- 5 years). We determined fat mass from ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(97)00052-1
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in females determine the transition from regular to irregular reproductive cycles, with loss of fertility. Stimulation of noradrenergic neurons of the anteroventral periventricular neurons (AVPV) is essential for regular reproductive cycles. Therefore, we examined...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2015.10.003
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long life spans and slow aging rates of birds relative to mammals are paradoxical in view of birds' high metabolic rates, body temperatures and blood glucose levels, all of which are predicted to be liabilities by current biochemical theories of aging. Available avian life-table data show that most birds undergo r...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00247-3
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The essentiality of zinc for humans was recognized only 40 years ago. Zinc deficiency was suspected to occur in Iranian patients with growth retardation, hypogonadism in males, hepato-splenomegaly, rough and dry skin, geophagia and severe iron deficiency anemia. Later we documented zinc deficiency in similar patients ...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2007.10.013
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-associated thymic involution manifests its effects in a variety of ways that are related to a loss of T cell function. These include the appearance of a non-functional subset of T cells that increase in representation with age. Moreover there is a loss of T cell proliferative ability, a decline in the synthesis an...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0531-5565(93)90058-l
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is associated with diminished regenerative capacity and increased risk of chronic diseases. There is now compelling evidence suggests that aging process is reversible. Besides metabolic modification and systematic factors, both senescence elimination and cellular reprogramming showed beneficial effects on tissue...
journal_title:Experimental gerontology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111005
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00