Abstract：
:This paper reviews work on progesterone and the progesterone receptor (PR) in the mouse mammary gland that has been used extensively as an experimental model. Studies have led to the concept that progesterone controls proliferation and morphogenesis of the luminal epithelium in a tightly orchestrated manner at distinct stages of development by paracrine signaling pathways, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) as a major paracrine factor. Progesterone also drives expansion of stem cells by paracrine signals to generate progenitors required for alveologenesis. During mid-to-late pregnancy, progesterone has another role to suppress secretory activation until parturition mediated in part by crosstalk between PR and prolactin/Stat5 signaling to inhibit induction of milk protein gene expression, and by inhibiting tight junction closure. In models of hormone-dependent mouse mammary tumors, the progesterone/PR signaling axis enhances pre-neoplastic progression by a switch from a paracrine to an autocrine mode of proliferation and dysregulation of the RANKL signaling pathway. Limited experiments with normal human breast show that progesterone/PR signaling also stimulates epithelial cell proliferation by a paracrine mechanism; however, the signaling pathways and whether RANKL is a major mediator remains unknown. Work with human breast cancer cell lines, patient tumor samples and clinical studies indicates that progesterone is a risk factor for breast cancer and that alteration in progesterone/PR signaling pathways contributes to early stage human breast cancer progression. However, loss of PR expression in primary tumors is associated with a less differentiated more invasive phenotype and worse prognosis, suggesting that PR may limit later stages of tumor progression.
journal_name
Mol Cell Endocrinoljournal_title
Molecular and cellular endocrinologyauthors
Obr AE,Edwards DPdoi
10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-24 00:00:00pages
4-17issue
1-2eissn
0303-7207issn
1872-8057pii
S0303-7207(11)00647-2journal_volume
357pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Incorporation of p-chloromercuribenzene sulphonate (PCMBS) (1mM) in the assay medium for rat hepatic lactogenic receptor produced complete inhibition of binding of [125I]oPRL to the membrane. However, the presence of the thiol-reactive agent produced no effect on the binding of [125I]bGH to rat hepatic somatogenic rec...
journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-7207(84)90145-x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-10-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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更新日期：2003-12-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0303-7207(97)00110-x
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2000-05-25 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-7207(91)90105-2
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-7207(85)90145-5
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0303-7207(99)00071-4
更新日期：1999-11-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2008-04-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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更新日期：2015-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-7207(87)90155-9
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abstract：:Di-n-Butyl (DBP) and Di-(2-EthylHexyl) (DEHP) phthalates can leach from daily-use products resulting in environmental exposure. In male rodents, phthalate exposure results in reproductive effects. To evaluate effects on the immature primate testis, testis fragments from 6-month-old rhesus macaques were grafted subcuta...
journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mce.2014.10.004
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a stroma-derived mitogen mediating epithelial-stromal interactions. We investigated the role of KGF during epithelial-stromal interactions accompanying ruminant mammogenesis. Target-specificity of KGF was demonstrated in that KGF-stimulated proliferation of bovine mammary epithelial...
journal_title：Molecular and cellular endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00537-8
更新日期：2001-07-05 00:00:00
