Abstract：
:Phrenic motoneurons are located in the cervical spinal cord and innervate the diaphragm muscle, the main inspiratory muscle in mammals. Similar to other skeletal muscles, phrenic motoneurons and diaphragm muscle fibers form motor units which are the final element of neuromotor control. In addition to their role in sustaining ventilation, phrenic motor units are active in other non-ventilatory behaviors important for airway clearance such as coughing or sneezing. Diaphragm muscle fibers comprise all fiber types and are commonly classified based on expression of contractile proteins including myosin heavy chain isoforms. Although there are differences in contractile and fatigue properties across motor units, there is a matching of properties for the motor neuron and muscle fibers within a motor unit. Motor units are generally recruited in order such that fatigue-resistant motor units are recruited earlier and more often than more fatigable motor units. Thus, in sustaining ventilation, fatigue-resistant motor units are likely required. Based on a series of studies in cats, hamsters and rats, an orderly model of motor unit recruitment was proposed that takes into consideration the maximum forces generated by single type-identified diaphragm muscle fibers as well as the proportion of the different motor unit types. Using this model, eupnea can be accomplished by activation of only slow-twitch diaphragm motor units and only a subset of fast-twitch, fatigue-resistant units. Activation of fast-twitch fatigable motor units only becomes necessary when accomplishing tasks that require greater force generation by the diaphragm muscle, e.g., sneezing and coughing.
journal_name
Respir Physiol Neurobioljournal_title
Respiratory physiology & neurobiologyauthors
Mantilla CB,Sieck GCdoi
10.1016/j.resp.2011.06.028subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-15 00:00:00pages
57-63issue
1eissn
1569-9048issn
1878-1519pii
S1569-9048(11)00241-2journal_volume
179pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:If, as postulated, the end of the steady state phase (φ2) of cardiovascular responses to apnoea corresponds to the physiological breaking point, then we may hypothesize that φ2 should become visible if exercise apnoeas are performed in pure oxygen. We tested this hypothesis on 9 professional divers by means of continu...
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更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00066-1
更新日期：2003-06-12 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-11-30 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00071-x
更新日期：2002-09-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2011.06.021
更新日期：2011-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-03-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2012.12.003
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2004.07.013
更新日期：2004-10-12 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-07-31 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.12.011
更新日期：2009-02-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2005.03.017
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2006.02.006
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
