Abstract：
:Hypoxemia is a major life-threatening complication of childhood pneumonia. The threshold points for hypoxemia vary with altitude. However, few published data describe that normal range of variation. The purpose of this study was to establish reference values of normal mean Sao(2) levels and an approximate cutoff point to define hypoxemia for clinical purposes above 4300 meters above sea level (masl). Children aged 5 to 16 yr were examined during primary care visits at the Huayllay Health Center. Huayllay is a rural community located at 4340 m in the province of Pasco in the Peruvian Andes. We collected basic sociodemographic data and evaluated three outcomes: arterial oxygen saturation (Sao(2)) with a pulse oximeter, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Comparisons of main outcomes among age groups (5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-14, and 15-16 yr) and sex were performed using linear regression models. The correlation of Sao(2) with heart rate and respiration rate was established by Pearson's correlation test. We evaluated 583 children, of whom 386 were included in the study. The average age was 10.3 yr; 55.7% were female. The average Sao(2), heart rate, and respiratory rate were 85.7% (95% CI: 85.2-86.2), 80.4/min (95% CI: 79.0-81.9), and 19.9/min (95% CI: 19.6-20.2), respectively. Sao(2) increased with age (p < 0.001). No differences by sex were observed. The mean minus two standard deviations of Sao(2) (threshold point for hypoxemia) ranged from 73.8% to 81.8% by age group. At 4300 m, the reference values for hypoxemia may be 14.2% lower than at sea level. This difference must be considered when diagnosing hypoxemia or deciding oxygen supplementation at high altitude. Other studies are needed to determine whether this reference value is appropriate for clinical use.
journal_name
High Alt Med Bioljournal_title
High altitude medicine & biologyauthors
Schult S,Canelo-Aybar Cdoi
10.1089/ham.2009.1094subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-04-01 00:00:00pages
89-92issue
1eissn
1527-0297issn
1557-8682journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Neurological disturbances may be present at high altitude independently of high altitude cerebral edema. We report here the case of a patient who experienced for the first time generalized seizures after spending a night at an altitude of 5200 m, with no preceding symptoms of acute mountain sickness. An initial CT sca...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2006.7.81
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a common and disabling condition that occurs in healthy individuals ascending to high altitude. Based on the ability of iron to influence cellular oxygen sensing pathways, we hypothesized that iron supplementation would protect against AMS. To examine this hypothesis, 24 healthy sea-le...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1089/ham.2011.1005
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Climbers who have suffered a previous episode of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) are at significantly increased risk of developing it again on return to high altitude. In spite of the high mortality associated with HAPE, some climbers are willing to take this risk in order to summit the tallest mountains in the w...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2008.1094
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ha, Hoehun. Geographic variation in mentally unhealthy days: air pollution and altitude perspectives. High Alt Med Biol. 18:258-266, 2017. BACKGROUND:Mental health incorporates our emotional, psychological, and social well-being and it is critical at each phase of life, from youth and preadulthood through adulthood. ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2016.0137
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The planning and execution of avalanche rescue missions to search for totally buried avalanche victims are mostly based on personal experience and preference, as evidence-based information from literature is almost completely missing. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify major factors determining the survival ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2007.1061
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past 40 years, in an attempt to reduce the morbidity and mortality of altitude illness, a number of volunteer-run, seasonal aid posts have been established at mountain ranges across the world. As each aid post is designed for the local population and tourists at hand, the range of problems seen and services o...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2019.0052
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the high inter-individual variability in the sensitivity to high altitude, we hypothesize the presence of underlying genetic factors. The aim of this study was to construct a genetic predisposition score based on previously identified high-altitude gene variants to explain the inter-individual variation in the r...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2014.1083
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of neurological disorders other than high altitude cerebral edema have been described at high altitude. This report documents isolated facial and hypoglossal nerve palsies that occurred in two travellers at high altitude in the Nepal Himalaya. The possible pathophysiological mechanisms of these neurological ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/152702901750265396
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim was to establish scientifically supported recommendations for termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mountain rescue, which can be applied by physicians and nonphysicians. A literature search was performed; the results and recommendations were discussed among the authors, and finally approved by...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ham.2011.1096
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy and safety of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) were investigated in healthy, 60- to 74-yr-old men. Fourteen men (Gr 1) who routinely exercised daily for 20 to 30 min were compared with 21 (Gr 2) who avoided exercise. Their submaximal work-load power values before the IHT training were 94 +/- 3.7 and 66...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2007.1053
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alarcón-Yaquetto, Dulce E., Lidia Caballero, and Gustavo F. Gonzales. Association between plasma N-acylethanolamides and high hemoglobin concentration in Southern Peruvian highlanders. High Alt Med Biol 18:322-329, 2017.-High-altitude (HA) hypoxia is a stressful condition endured by organisms through different mechani...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2016.0148
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Van Iterson, Erik H., Eric M. Snyder, and Bruce D. Johnson. The influence of 17 hours of normobaric hypoxia on parallel adjustments in exhaled nitric oxide and airway function in lowland healthy adults. High Alt Med Biol. 18:1-10, 2017.-Currently, there is a disparate understanding of the role that normobaric hypoxia ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2016.0086
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the case of a 38-year-old man who presented with bilateral retinal detachments following a trek in Tibet during which time he took acetazolamide for prophylaxis of acute mountain sickness (AMS). This is the first time that retinal detachment has been described following a sojourn to high altitude. Acetazol...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2007.1026
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High altitude training is a widely used strategy for improving aerobic exercise performance. Both Rhodiola crenulata (R) and Cordyceps sinensis (C) supplements have been reported to improve exercise performance. However, it is not clear whether the provision of R and C during high altitude training could further enhan...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2013.1114
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In hypobaric hypoxia (HH) at high altitude, the immune responses are changed probably due to oxidative stress-induced production of free radicals and nonradicals. Vitamin E is an antioxidant and protects the cells from oxidative damage. The present study was carried out to study the antioxidant role of vitamin E on th...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2018.0045
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frostbite and other cold-related injuries commonly develop during prolonged exposure to the low environmental temperatures of polar and mountainous regions. Hypoxia is a potent sympathetic stimulus that causes vasoconstriction of the peripheral blood vessels, which may further compound the risk of developing a cold-re...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2018.0008
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Published incidences of acute mountain sickness (AMS) vary widely. Reasons for this variation, and predictive factors of AMS, are not well understood. We aimed to identify predictive factors that are associated with the occurrence of AMS, and to test the hypothesis that study design is an independent predictive fa...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ham.2015.0022
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appointing physiological function to specific genetic determinants requires a systems physiologist to consider ways of assessing precise phenotypic mechanisms. The integration of ventilation, metabolism and thermoregulation, for example, is very complex and may differ among small and large mammalian species. This chal...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/152702901750265297
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient focal neurological deficits have been described in sojourners to high altitude. We present two cases of transient expressive aphasia in well-acclimatized high altitude climbers. We speculate that this type of transient focal neurological impairment may represent migraine aura, and we discuss other reports of...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/15270290050144208
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the increasing popularity of adventure travel and mountain activities, it is likely that many high altitude travelers will have underlying medical problems and approach clinicians for advice about ensuring a safe sojourn. Patients with underlying pulmonary hypertension are one group who warrants significant conce...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ham.2009.10306
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpinist and scientist George Ingle Finch was invited on the 1921 British Mount Everest Reconnaissance, but events conspired to keep him away from Everest until the 1922 British expedition to the mountain. Very little is known in the English-speaking world about the 1925 German language book Der Kampf um den Everest, ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2006.1034
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wang, Xing-Min, Hui Liu, Jian-Yu Li, Jin-Xia Wei, Xia Li, Yong-Liang Zhang, Ling-Zhi Li, and Xi-Zheng Zhang. Rosamultin attenuates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced bone injuries by regulation of sclerostin and its downstream signals. High Alt Med Biol. 21:273-286, 2020. Background: ...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2019.0113
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of mining activities in North Chile involves a great number of workers intermittently exposed to high altitude for a long period of time (chronic intermittent hypoxia, CIH). A 2(1/2)-year prospective study aimed to characterize this model of exposure to CIH and to know whether this condition may progre...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/15270290260131894
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the first ascent of Mont Blanc by Jacques Balmat and Dr. Michel-Gabriel Paccard in 1786, numerous scientific events have taken place on the highest peak of Europe. Horace Benédict de Saussure, since his first ascent in 1787, made numerous observations on barometric pressure, temperature, geology, and mountain si...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1089/152702901750067936
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 31-year-old man suffered diplopia and ataxia on two occasions when he ascended from sea level to 4,000 m. Evaluation revealed a moderate-sized subarachnoid cyst in the left frontal region, which did not communicate with the cerebral ventricles. The cyst might have acted as a space-occupying lesion, and caused sympto...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/15270290050502417
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：: Background: Sex-based differences in metabolism and morphological characteristics may result in unique exercise responses during periods of limited oxygen availability. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of moderate normobaric hy...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2019.0061
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Otero, Liliana, Patricia Hidalgo, Rafael González, and Carlos A. Morillo. Association of cardiovascular disease and sleep apnea at different altitudes. High Alt Med Biol. 17:336-341, 2016.-We evaluated the prevalence of sleep apnea (SA) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) at different altitudes. A total of 3...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2016.0027
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiersch, Markus, and Erik R. Swenson. High altitude and cancer mortality. High Alt Med Biol 19:116-123, 2018.-Humans living at high altitude (HA) are exposed to chronic (hypobaric) hypoxia. Despite the permanent stress of hypoxic exposure, humans populating HA areas have reduced cancer mortality over a broad spectrum...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ham.2017.0061
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the determinants of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and of summiting in expedition-style mountaineering, 919 mountaineers (15.4% female) leaving Aconcagua Provincial Park at the end of an expedition to Mt. Aconcagua (6962 m) via the normal route were retrospectively evaluated by questionnaires. Symptoms o...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ham.2005.6.158
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study compares the changes in ventilation in response to sustained hypobaric hypoxia and acute normobaric hypoxia between subjects susceptible to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE-S) and control subjects (C-S). Seven HAPE-S and five C-S were exposed to simulated high altitude of 4000 m for 23 h in a hypo...
journal_title：High altitude medicine & biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/152702902320604241
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
