Abstract:
:GM risk assessments (GMRAs) play an important role in the decision-making process surrounding the regulation, notification and permission to handle Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). Ultimately the role of each GMRA will be able to ensure the safe handling and containment of the GMO; and to asses any potential impacts on the environment and human health. A risk assessment should answer all "what if" scenarios, based on scientific evidence. This article sets out to provide researchers with helpful guidance notes on producing their own GMRA. While reference is made to UK and EU regulations, the underlying principles and points to consider are generic to most countries.
journal_name
Mol Biotechnoljournal_title
Molecular biotechnologyauthors
Sparrow PAdoi
10.1007/s12033-009-9237-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-01 00:00:00pages
267-75issue
3eissn
1073-6085issn
1559-0305journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::An inexpensive monophasic reagent has been developed for the extraction of total RNA from cells or tissues. The main ingredients of the reagent are Phenol, Isoamyl alcohol, Guanidinium isothiocyanate, and Beta-mercaptoethanol (PIG-B). The quality and yield of RNA obtained by this reagent is at par with that obtained b...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02752699
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The simple use of nonisotopic hybridization probes to detect complementary sequences provides valuable information in a large number of research and commercial applications. In hybridization assays, the four "S's (speed, simplicity, sensitivity, and specificity) are important criteria for determining the choice of pro...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02740771
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic rice seed can be utilized as a bioreactor to produce high-value recombinant proteins. Mouse interleukin 4 (mIL-4) and mIL-6 were specifically expressed as secretory proteins in rice endosperm by ligating the N-terminal glutelin B-1 (GluB-1) signal peptide and the C-terminal KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retent...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-016-9920-7
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The implementation of efficient technologies for the production of recombinant mammalian membrane receptors is an outstanding challenge in understanding receptor-ligand actions and the development of therapeutic antibodies. In order to improve the solubility of recombinant extracellular domains of human membrane recep...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:33:3:199
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenoviruses are attracting increasing attention as general purpose mammalian cell expression vectors, as recombinant vaccines, and potentially as vectors for gene therapy. Not only is the adenovirus genome relatively easy to manipulate by recombinant DNA techniques, but adenovirus vectors are relatively stable, grow ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02789331
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria is a serious but preventable and treatable infectious disease that is found in over 100 countries around the world. Correct and rapid diagnosis of malaria infection can rescue the patient of getting sicker and reduces the risk of disease spreading among humans. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast is an attra...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-018-0140-1
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Production of monoclonal antibodies and pharmaceutical proteins in transgenic plants has been the focus of many research efforts for close to 30 years. Use of plants as bioreactors reduces large-scale production costs and minimizes risk for human pathogens contamination. Stable nuclear transformation of the plant geno...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-018-0075-6
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addition of taxol into suspension cultures of Taxus cuspidata induced cell apoptosis, which was confirmed by gel electrophoresis of the DNA ladders indicating the progressive delineation of fragmented nuclear DNA (nDNA) into distinct bodies. The additional taxol not only changed the microtubule assembly of cells, but ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:20:2:137
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for monitoring the secretion of ZZ-fusion proteins. Two antibodies, a monoclonal mouse anti-human proinsulin and a rabbit anti-bovine IgG (strongly binding to the ZZ-domain), were used to quantify the secretion of recombinant human ZZ-proinsulin...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:19:3:239
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water-soluble quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH-B) is a dimeric enzyme whose application for glucose sensing is the focus of much attention. We attempted to increase the thermal stability of PQQGDH-B by introducing a disulfide bond at the dimer interface. The Ser residue at position 415 was selected for subst...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:24:2:97
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, four full-length Dof (DNA-binding with one finger) genes from Sorghum bicolor namely SbDof1, SbDof19, SbDof23, and SbDof24 were PCR amplified, gel eluted, cloned, and sequenced (accession number HQ540084, HQ540085, HQ540086, and HQ540087, respectively). These sequences were further characterized ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-012-9536-5
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since it was first introduced in late 1990s Wave bioreactor has been used for protein production by mammalian and insect cell lines. However, using Wave bioreactor to produce human monoclonal antibody by stable Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cell transfectants has not been reported before. In this study, S2 cells were co...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-011-9484-5
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical management of immunocompromised patients depends on the rapid identification of infectious agents such as fungal pathogens. The procedure described here for accomplishing this uses a sensitive polymerase chain reaction method, previously reported, combined with restriction-enzyme digestion to distinguish ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:24:3:229
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Association studies using genome scans to identify quantitative trait loci for multifactorial disorders, with anything approaching reasonable power, have been compromised by the need for a very dense array of genetic markers and large numbers of affected individuals. These requirements impose enormous burdens on the g...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/mb:22:3:253
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review I briefly describe the technique of protein engineering and indicate how the present state of knowledge allows proteins to be mutated to increase or decrease stability. I discuss experiments on both model proteins and those of relevance to the food industry and show how hydrophobic forces are a major dr...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02921609
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an expression system for high-yield production of recombinant soluble human FasL (rsh- FasL) in CHO cells. After one round of selection for gene amplification, cell lines producing rsh-FasL up to 60 microg/L x 10(6) cells in 24 h were obtained. Cell lines were grown in protein-free medium as suspension cul...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:23:3:189
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virus crystallography can provide atomic resolution structures for intact isometric virus particles and components thereof. The methodology is illustrated by reference to a particularly complex example, the core of the bluetongue virus (700 A). ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/MB:12:1:13
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of actin cytoskeleton on cell growth was historically studied using toxic drugs, such as cytochalasin. However, it is possible that unpredictable effects of these agents may have influenced the reported observations. In our study, we have established a drug-free system using cofilin overexpression to ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:31:1:001
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-quality RNA preparations are critical for further applications such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) transcript amplifications, and elaboration of cDNA and expressed sequence tag libraries. Melanins are phenolic compounds present in many fungi and apparently play key roles in fungi path...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:34:1:45
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immobilized-metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) is used extensively for phosphopeptide enrichment in phosphoproteomics. However, the effect of nucleic acids in protein samples on phosphopeptide enrichment by IMAC has not yet been well clarified. In this study, we demonstrate that IMAC beads possess a strong adsor...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-009-9176-6
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 plays an important role in the development of cancer and has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target. Because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are able to inhibit the activity of this enzyme, the potential efficacy of such drugs for purposes of cancer prevention or therapy...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:34:3:329
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of infancy. Amplification of MYCN oncogene is found in approximately 20 % of all neuroblastoma patients and correlates with advanced disease stages, rapid tumor progression, and poor prognosis, making this gene an obvious therapeutic target. However, being a tr...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-014-9739-z
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to identify disease-associated genes using microarray technology is dependent on isolating high-quality total RNA from the diseased tissue under study. However, it is not always possible to obtain large amounts of affected tissue from patients and therefore the quality and yield of RNA may be compromised. ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:23:2:171
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The REDOX-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 (RRTF1) gene encodes a member of the ERF/AP2 transcription factor family involved in redox homeostasis. The RRTF1 gene shows tissue-specific responsiveness to various abiotic stress treatments including a response to salt stress in roots. An interesting feature of this respo...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-019-00155-9
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sorbents with immobilized histidine as a pseudo affinity ligand with a wide specificity is described. The possibilities and relevant chemistries to use both particulate and flat or hollow fiber membranes as support matrices are discussed. The usefulness of such adsorbents for the purification of a wide variety of ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02761713
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-Cysteine desulfhydrase (DES; EC 4.4.1.1) is the most important enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of L-cysteine to pyruvate, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the latter of which has recently been recognized as the third gasotransmitter for multiple signaling events in plants. Previous results showed the exi...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-012-9621-9
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advent of recombinant antibody technology led to an enormous revival in the use of antibodies as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for fighting cancer. This review provides a brief historical sketch of the development of recombinant antibodies for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer and summarizes the most si...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/MB:25:1:1
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A synthetic gene encoding a single chain Fv fragment of an antibody directed against the nuclear inclusion a (NIa) protein of potato virus Y (PVY) was used to transform two commercial potato cultivars (Claustar and BF15). The NIa protease forms the nuclear inclusion body A and acts as the major protease in the cleavag...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/MB:33:2:133
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements are highly structured RNA sequences that function to recruit ribosomes for the initiation of translation. In contrast to the canonical cap-binding, the mechanism of IRES-mediated translation initiation is still poorly understood. Translation initiation of the coxsackievirus...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12033-013-9674-4
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pasteurella multocida is the main cause of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) outbreak in livestock, such as cattle and buffaloes. Conventional vaccines such as alum-precipitated or oil-adjuvant broth bacterins were injected subcutaneously to provide protection against HS. However, the immunity developed is only for short ...
journal_title:Molecular biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12033-020-00244-0
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00