Abstract:
:We study inverse statistical mechanics: how can one design a potential function so as to produce a specified ground state? In this article, we show that unexpectedly simple potential functions suffice for certain symmetrical configurations, and we apply techniques from coding and information theory to provide mathematical proof that the ground state has been achieved. These potential functions are required to be decreasing and convex, which rules out the use of potential wells. Furthermore, we give an algorithm for constructing a potential function with a desired ground state.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Cohn H,Kumar Adoi
10.1073/pnas.0901636106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-06-16 00:00:00pages
9570-5issue
24eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
106/24/9570journal_volume
106pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The heterotrimeric complex between integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH, and parvin is an essential signaling platform, serving as a convergence point for integrin and growth-factor signaling and regulating cell adhesion, spreading, and migration. We report a 1.6-A crystal structure of the ILK ankyrin repeat domain bou...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0811415106
更新日期:2008-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have established that humans and monkeys with damage to striate cortex are able to detect and localize bright targets within the resultant scotoma. Electrophysiological evidence in monkeys suggests that residual vision also might include sensitivity to direction of visual motion. We tested whether mac...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.021519698
更新日期:2001-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::In animal cells, exogenous DNA recombines into random chromosomal sites much more frequently than it recombines into homologous sites. Free DNA ends are "recombinogenic" in both processes. To test the effects of specific ends on analogous extrachromosomal processes, we constructed a linear genome of simian virus 40 wi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.14.4959
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been hypothesized that penicillin acts as a structural analog of the acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of nascent bacterial cell wall and that it consequently binds to and acylates the active site of the enzyme(s) that crosslinks the cell wall to form an inactive penicilloyl enzyme [Tipper, D.J. & Strominger, J....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.6.2730
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of language familiarity upon speaker identification is well established, to such an extent that it has been argued that "Human voice recognition depends on language ability" [Perrachione TK, Del Tufo SN, Gabrieli JDE (2011) Science 333(6042):595]. However, 7-mo-old infants discriminate speakers of their ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1401383111
更新日期:2014-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline, has emerged as a disease of synaptic failure. The present study reveals an unanticipated role of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A4 (EphA4) in mediating hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in AD and demonstrates that blockade of the ligand-binding dom...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1405803111
更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the possibility that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) acts as a neuromodulator in the adult cerebellar cortex since previous observations indicated that IGF-I is located in the olivo-cerebellar system encompassing the inferior olive and Purkinje cells. We found that conjoint administration of IGF-I and g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7386
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP was induced in nonrespiring submitochondrial particles (SMP) from rat liver by the application of electric pulses with field strengths of 10-35 kV/cm and a decay time of 60 mus. In all cases respiration was inhibited completely by using cyanide or rotenone. Newly formed ATP was measured b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.12.7473
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the striking features of vascular endothelium, the single-cell-thick lining of the cardiovascular system, is its phenotypic plasticity. Various pathophysiologic factors, such as cytokines, growth factors, hormones, and metabolic products, can modulate its functional phenotype in health and disease. In addition ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.071052598
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli cells treated with toluene replicate DNA when they are provided with deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates, ATP, Mg(++), and K(+). However, when deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is replaced by hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate, incorporation of nucleotides into acid-precipitable material by tolu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.10.2527
更新日期:1971-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of differentiation and apoptosis in cancer cells through ligands of nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) is a novel and promising approach to cancer therapy. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), an RA receptor-specific NHR ligand, is now used for selective cancers. The NHR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.15.8806
更新日期:1998-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Translational initiation factor 2 (IF2) is a guanine nucleotide-binding protein that can bind guanosine 3',5'-(bis) diphosphate (ppGpp), an alarmone involved in stringent response in bacteria. In cells growing under optimal conditions, the GTP concentration is very high, and that of ppGpp very low. However, under stre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0606384103
更新日期:2006-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogenase is an ATP-requiring enzyme capable of carrying out multielectron reductions of inert molecules. A purified remodeled nitrogenase containing two amino acid substitutions near the site of its FeMo cofactor was recently described as having the capacity to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) to methane (CH4). Here, we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1611043113
更新日期:2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::The eukaryotic DNA sliding clamp that keeps DNA polymerase engaged at a replication fork, called proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), is loaded onto the 3' ends of primer DNA through its interaction with a heteropentameric protein complex called replication factor C (RFC). The ATPase activity of RFC is necessary...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.26.14127
更新日期:2000-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of identifying VEGF-independent pathways in pathological angiogenesis is increasingly recognized as a result of the emerging drug resistance to anti-VEGF therapies. PDGF-CC is the third member of the PDGF family discovered after more than two decades of studies on PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB. The biological fun...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1004143107
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, has reservoirs in fresh and brackish water where it interacts with virulent bacteriophages. Phages are the most abundant biological entity on earth and coevolve with bacteria. It was reported that concentrations of phage and V. cholerae inversely correlate in aquatic re...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1810138116
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The coding sequence for Anabaena 7120 glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.1] are shown to be contained within a 7.5-kilobase-pair (kbp) HindIII fragment that has been cloned by plaque hybridization. The hybridization probe for the cyanobacterial gene was a recombinant plasmid conta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3393
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basic assumptions of van der Waals theory are contained in two well-known concepts: excluded volume (repulsive forces) and a homogeneous, isotropic field potential (attractive forces). We have superimposed on these, one more well-known concept: the existence of dimers, trimers, etc., at chemical equilibrium. With ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.6.1773
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we describe the identification and characterization of a nuclear body (matrix-associated deacetylase body) whose formation and integrity depend on deacetylase activity. Typically, there are 20-40 0.5-microM bodies per nucleus, although the size and number can vary substantially. The structure appears to contain ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.19.10330
更新日期:2000-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Monocytes originate from precursors made in the bone and remain in the circulation for nearly 24 h. Much effort has been done to identify the molecules regulating transendothelial migration of monocytes during inflammatory conditions. In contrast, considerably less is known about the process of constitutive monocyte e...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700732104
更新日期:2007-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II is a salt-sensitive form of hypertension with hyperkalemia in humans caused by mutations in the with-no-lysine kinase 4 (WNK4). Several studies have shown that WNK4 modulates the activity of the renal Na(+)Cl(-) cotransporter, NCC. Because the renal consequences of WNK4 carrying pseudoa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1200947109
更新日期:2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic variation of African trypanosomes results from the periodic activation of a single new variant cell surface glycoprotein (VSG) gene out of a repertoire of about a 1000 VSG genes. In spite of the apparently random genetic basis of the process of antigenic variation, the relapsing parasitemias are characterize...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.23.9626
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences influence brain morphology and physiology during both development and aging. Here we apply a machine learning algorithm to a multiparametric brain PET imaging dataset acquired in a cohort of 20- to 82-year-old, cognitively normal adults (n = 205) to define their metabolic brain age. We find that throug...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1815917116
更新日期:2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::In all organisms, mild heat pretreatments induce tolerance to high temperatures. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such pretreatments strongly induce heat-shock protein (Hsp) 104, and hsp104 mutations greatly reduce high-temperature survival, indicating Hsp1O4 plays a critical role in induced thermotolerance. Sur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.11.5301
更新日期:1996-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::A new class of Escherichia coli mutants, referred to as grn, has been isolated by localized mutagenesis. These mutations affect the sigma subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) by abolishing the expression of the lambda N gene, and they are close...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.9.4593
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation is the raw material for natural selection, but the factors shaping variation are still poorly understood. Genetic and developmental interactions can direct variation, but there has been little synthesis of these effects with the extrinsic factors that can shape biodiversity over large scales. The study of ph...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1403667112
更新日期:2015-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Arachidonic acid (AA) has recently been shown to influence various cellular functions in the central nervous system. Here we report that AA increases, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, 2-deoxy-D-[1-3H]glucose ([3H]2DG) uptake in primary cultures of astrocytes prepared from the cerebral cortex of neonatal ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.9.4042
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For beta-D-glucosylisophosphoramide mustard (beta-D-Glc-IPM), a new alkylating drug in which isophosphoramide mustard is stabilized, a higher selectivity and lower myelotoxicity was observed than for the currently used cytostatic ifosfamide. Because beta-D-Glc-IPM is hydrophilic and does not diffuse passively through ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.2914
更新日期:1998-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) elicits destruction of both gray and white matter, which is exacerbated by secondary proinflammatory responses. Although white matter injury (WMI) is strongly correlated with poor neurological status, the maintenance of white matter integrity is poorly understood, and no current the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1501441112
更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::The major obstacle to the study of functional/structural interrelationships of spinach chloroplasts by using spin labels has been the rapid loss of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals upon illumination with visible light. The present study demonstrates that the addition of ferredoxin and NADP+ in the pre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.8.3107
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00