Long-term depression of glutamate-induced gamma-aminobutyric acid release in cerebellum by insulin-like growth factor I.

abstract：:Stem cells divide and differentiate to form all of the specialized cell types in a multicellular organism. In the Arabidopsis root, stem cells are maintained in an undifferentiated state by a less mitotically active population of cells called the quiescent center (QC). Determining how the QC regulates the surrounding ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clark NM,Fisher AP,Berckmans B,Van den Broeck L,Nelson EC,Nguyen TT,Bustillo-Avendaño E,Zebell SG,Moreno-Risueno MA,Simon R,Gallagher KL,Sozzani R

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Tactoids are nuclei of an orientationally ordered nematic phase that emerge upon cooling the isotropic phase. In addition to providing a natural setting for exploring chromonics under confinement, we show that tactoids can also serve as optical probes to delineate the role of temperature and concentration in the aggre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nayani K,Fu J,Chang R,Park JO,Srinivasarao M

更新日期：2017-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensive regeneration of the vertebrate body plan is found in salamander and fish species. In these organisms, regeneration takes place through reprogramming of differentiated cells, proliferation, and subsequent redifferentiation of adult tissues. Such plasticity is rarely found in adult mammalian tissues, and this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yun MH,Gates PB,Brockes JP

更新日期：2013-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The fifth exons of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes encode a transmembrane domain (TM) that is largely responsible for class I antigen cell-surface expression usually through conventional hydrophobic amino acid-membrane interactions or, less often, through phosphatidylinositol linkage. In this repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crew MD,Filipowsky ME,Neshat MS,Smith GS,Walford RL

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nanoscale distributions of electron density and electric fields in GaAs semiconductor devices are displayed with NMR experiments. The spectra are sensitive to the changes to the nuclear-spin Hamiltonian that are induced by perturbations delivered in synchrony with a line-narrowing pulse sequence. This POWER (pertu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempf JG,Miller MA,Weitekamp DP

更新日期：2008-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Aneuploidy is ubiquitous in cancer, and its phenotypes are inevitably dominant and abnormal. In view of these facts we recently proposed that aneuploidy is sufficient for carcinogenesis generating cancer-specific aneusomies via a chain reaction of autocatalytic aneuploidizations. According to this hypothesis a carcino...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fabarius A,Willer A,Yerganian G,Hehlmann R,Duesberg P

更新日期：2002-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:An ovarian cell line was developed that requires hormonal conditioning of the host for growth in vivo and that requires special factors for growth in vitro. It is necessary to prepare special culture media to demonstrate the effects of growth factors in vitro. To this end, methods were developed for removing from seru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nishikawa K,Armelin HA,Sato G

更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The homeostatic maintenance of the genomic DNA is crucial for regulating aging processes. However, the role of RNA homeostasis in aging processes remains unknown. RNA helicases are a large family of enzymes that regulate the biogenesis and homeostasis of RNA. However, the functional significance of RNA helicases in ag...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seo M,Seo K,Hwang W,Koo HJ,Hahm JH,Yang JS,Han SK,Hwang D,Kim S,Jang SK,Lee Y,Nam HG,Lee SJ

更新日期：2015-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bacteria use acyl homoserine lactone signals to monitor cell density in a type of gene regulation termed quorum sensing and response. Synthesis of these signals is directed by homologs of the luxi gene of Vibrio fischeri. This communication resolves two critical issues concerning the synthesis of the V. fischeri ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaefer AL,Val DL,Hanzelka BL,Cronan JE Jr,Greenberg EP

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets is the hallmark of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a spontaneous autoimmune disease of non-obese diabetic mice resembling human juvenile (type I) diabetes. Histochemical analysis of diabetic pancreata revealed that mononuclear cells...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weiss L,Slavin S,Reich S,Cohen P,Shuster S,Stern R,Kaganovsky E,Okon E,Rubinstein AM,Naor D

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Dominant mutations in the maize homeobox gene knotted1 (kn1) act nonautonomously during maize leaf development, indicating that Kn1 is involved in the generation or transmission of a developmental signal that passes from the inner layers of the leaf to epidermal cells. We previously found that this nonautonomous activ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim JY,Yuan Z,Cilia M,Khalfan-Jagani Z,Jackson D

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The promoter of the bean PAL2 gene (encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; EC 4.3.1.5) is a model for studies of tissue-restricted gene expression in plants. Petal epidermis is one of the tissues in which this promoter is activated in tobacco. Previous work suggested that a major factor establishing the pattern of PAL2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sablowski RW,Baulcombe DC,Bevan M

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of new antimicrobial drugs is a priority to combat the increasing spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. This development is especially problematic in gram-negative bacteria due to the outer membrane (OM) permeability barrier and multidrug efflux pumps. Therefore, we screened for compounds that target...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hart EM,Mitchell AM,Konovalova A,Grabowicz M,Sheng J,Han X,Rodriguez-Rivera FP,Schwaid AG,Malinverni JC,Balibar CJ,Bodea S,Si Q,Wang H,Homsher MF,Painter RE,Ogawa AK,Sutterlin H,Roemer T,Black TA,Rothman DM,Walker

更新日期：2019-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQOR; EC 1.6.99.2) is a homodimeric enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of quinones, azo dyes, and other electron acceptors by NADPH or NADH. To pursue subunit functional studies, we expressed a wild-type/mutant heterodimer of NQOR in Escherichia coli. The wild-type subunit of the hete...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cui K,Lu AY,Yang CS

更新日期：1995-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomimetic nanopores based on membrane-spanning single-walled carbon nanotubes have been designed to include selectivity filters based on combinations of anionic and cationic groups mimicking those present in bacterial porins and in voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. The ion permeation and selectivity properti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： García-Fandiño R,Sansom MS

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional activation of the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter element by the viral Tat protein is an essential step in the HIV-1 life cycle. Tat function is mediated by the TAR RNA target element encoded within the LTR and is known to require the recruitment of a complex consisting of Tat an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bieniasz PD,Grdina TA,Bogerd HP,Cullen BR

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of cardiac contraction by neurotransmitters and hormones is often correlated with regulation of the L-type Ca2(+)-channel current (ICa) through the opposite actions of two second messengers, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. While cyclic AMP stimulation of ICa is mediated by the activation of cyclic AMP-dependent ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Méry PF,Lohmann SM,Walter U,Fischmeister R

更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic islets regulate glucose homeostasis through coordinated actions of hormone-secreting cells. What underlies the function of the islet as a unit is the close approximation and communication among heterogeneous cell populations, but the structural mediators of islet cellular cross talk remain incompletely char...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hughes JW,Cho JH,Conway HE,DiGruccio MR,Ng XW,Roseman HF,Abreu D,Urano F,Piston DW

更新日期：2020-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter at the mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ) where nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate the signaling between nerve terminals and muscle fibers. We show that under glutamatergic transmission, rat NMJ switches from cholinergic type synapse to glutamatergic synapse. Conne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brunelli G,Spano P,Barlati S,Guarneri B,Barbon A,Bresciani R,Pizzi M

更新日期：2005-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro T-cell receptor-induced programmed cell death in both activated T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative (HIV-) donors and resting T cells from HIV+ donors was substantially influenced by cytokines. Addition of exogenous recombinant "type 1" lymphokines interferon gamma and interleukin 2 (IL-2),...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clerici M,Sarin A,Coffman RL,Wynn TA,Blatt SP,Hendrix CW,Wolf SF,Shearer GM,Henkart PA

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The diversity of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is limited, because of the processes of positive and negative T cell selection. To obtain T cells with specificities beyond the immune system's capacity, we have developed a strategy for retroviral TCR display. In this approach, a library of T cell variants is gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kessels HW,van Den Boom MD,Spits H,Hooijberg E,Schumacher TN

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Originally recognized for their role in lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease, apolipoprotein (apo) E isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4) have also been implicated to play a key role in several biological processes not directly related to their lipid transport function. For example, apoE4 contributes signif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burt TD,Agan BK,Marconi VC,He W,Kulkarni H,Mold JE,Cavrois M,Huang Y,Mahley RW,Dolan MJ,McCune JM,Ahuja SK

更新日期：2008-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of cholera toxin to membrane particles prepared from sarcoma 180 cells gives rise to a variety of fragments which are capable of activating adenylate cyclase [ATP:pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1]. A major component of these fragments has an apparent molecular weight in the 8,000-10,000 range. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matuo Y,Wheeler MA,Bitensky MW

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integral feedback control is a basic engineering strategy for ensuring that the output of a system robustly tracks its desired value independent of noise or variations in system parameters. In biological systems, it is common for the response to an extracellular stimulus to return to its prestimulus value even in the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yi TM,Huang Y,Simon MI,Doyle J

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:During the analysis of liver protein expression in the offspring of male mice irradiated with fission-spectrum neutrons, one offspring displayed a heritable 50% decrease in the abundance of two proteins. Homozygous mice lacking detectable quantities of these proteins were obtained through breeding. Characterization of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Champion KM,Cook RJ,Tollaksen SL,Giometti CS

更新日期：1994-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The N,N'-diacetyllactosediamine (lacdiNAc) pathway of complex-type oligosaccharide synthesis is controlled by a UDP-GalNAc:GlcNAc beta-R beta 1-->4-N-acetylgalac-tesaminyltransferase (beta 4-GalNAcT) that acts analogously to the common UDP-Gal:GlcNAc beta-R beta 1-->4-galactosyltransferase (beta 4-GalT). LacdiNAc-base...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neeleman AP,van de Eijnden DH

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A cDNA expression library in lambda gt11 was screened with affinity-purified polyclonal anti-rat cytochrome b5 reductase antibodies. One positive clone out of 450,000 clones was isolated and found to be incomplete. This clone was used to rescreen the library, and a second, overlapping clone that contained the entire c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pietrini G,Carrera P,Borgese N

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An understanding of the division of labor in different societies, and especially how it evolved in the human species, is fundamental to most analyses of social, political, and economic systems. The ability to reconstruct how labor was organized, however, especially in ancient societies that left behind few material re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kantner J,McKinney D,Pierson M,Wester S

更新日期：2019-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Lateral organ distribution at the shoot apical meristem defines specific and robust phyllotaxis patterns that have intrigued biologists and mathematicians for centuries. In silico studies have revealed that this self-organizing process can be recapitulated by modeling the polar transport of the phytohormone auxin. Phy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pinon V,Prasad K,Grigg SP,Sanchez-Perez GF,Scheres B

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat hepatoma cells infected with mouse mammary tumor virus contain multiple forms of unintegrated viral DNA when grown in the presence of glucocorticoids. Using the DNA transfer procedure of Southern, we have prepared restriction endonuclease fragment maps of these forms of viral DNA. The maps indicate that: (i) the m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shank PR,Cohen JC,Varmus HE,Yamamoto KR,Ringold GM

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00