Induction of resistance to diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice by targeting CD44 with a specific monoclonal antibody.

abstract：:Fibronectins isolated from the conditioned medium produced by cultures of undifferentiated (monolayer) and differentiated (nodular) swine vascular smooth muscle cells are similar but not identical. In general, the nodular-cell fibronectin has a smaller molecular mass than monolayer-cell fibronectin and appears to lack...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millis AJ,Hoyle M,Mann DM,Brennan MJ

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans assess the credibility of information gained from others on a daily basis; this ongoing assessment is especially crucial for avoiding exploitation by others. We used a repeated, two-person bargaining game and a cognitive hierarchy model to test how subjects judge the information sent asymmetrically from one pla...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhatt MA,Lohrenz T,Camerer CF,Montague PR

更新日期：2012-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A rice Dwarf 1 gene was identified by using a map-based cloning strategy. Its recessive mutant allele confers a dwarf phenotype. Linkage analysis revealed that a cDNA encoding the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein cosegregated with d1 in 3,185 d1 segregants. Southern hybridization analysis with this cDNA as a probe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ashikari M,Wu J,Yano M,Sasaki T,Yoshimura A

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotrophins (NTs) have recently been found to regulate synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. Whole-cell and single-channel recordings from cultured hippocampal neurons revealed a mechanism responsible for enhanced synaptic strength. Specifically, brain-derived neurotrophic factor augmented glutamate-evoked, but ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine ES,Crozier RA,Black IB,Plummer MR

更新日期：1998-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Inferring evolutionary relationships among highly divergent protein sequences is a daunting task. In particular, when pairwise sequence alignments between protein sequences fall <25% identity, the phylogenetic relationships among sequences cannot be estimated with statistical certainty. Here, we show that phylogenetic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang GS,Hong Y,Ko KD,Bhardwaj G,Holmes EC,Patterson RL,van Rossum DB

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune function is an energetically costly physiological activity that potentially diverts calories away from less immediately essential life tasks. Among developing organisms, the allocation of energy toward immune function may lead to tradeoffs with physical growth, particularly in high-pathogen, low-resource enviro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urlacher SS,Ellison PT,Sugiyama LS,Pontzer H,Eick G,Liebert MA,Cepon-Robins TJ,Gildner TE,Snodgrass JJ

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast neurotransmission requires that docked synaptic vesicles be located near the presynaptic N-type or P/Q-type calcium channels. Specific protein-protein interactions between a synaptic protein interaction (synprint) site on N-type and P/Q-type channels and the presynaptic SNARE proteins syntaxin, SNAP-25, and synap...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim DK,Catterall WA

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins synthesized in the cell can begin to fold during translation before the entire polypeptide has been produced, which may be particularly relevant to the folding of multidomain proteins. Here, we study the cotranslational folding of adjacent domains from the cytoskeletal protein α-spectrin using force profile a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kemp G,Nilsson OB,Tian P,Best RB,von Heijne G

更新日期：2020-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The dynamics of Helicobacter pylori colonization from its acquisition through the development of steady-state are examined through a mathematical model that includes the host response. The model encompasses both host and microbiological variation. The individual capacity of the host response is shown to be a key model...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blaser MJ,Kirschner D

更新日期：1999-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vivo production of frameshift and base-substitution mutations predicted as a consequence of the metabolic processing of misaligned quasipalindromic DNA sequences has been confirmed. Spontaneous frameshift mutations of the T4 rII gene that had been genetically mapped to quasipalindromic DNA sequences were sequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： de Boer JG,Ripley LS

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA restriction fragments of the genes encoding HLA class II-beta antigens were compared in 34 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 34 HLA-DR-matched healthy individuals. Ninety-three fragments, determined by six restriction enzymes (EcoRI, EcoRV, HindIII, BamHI, Pvu II, and Taq I), were analyzed: (i)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cohen-Haguenauer O,Robbins E,Massart C,Busson M,Deschamps I,Hors J,Lalouel JM,Dausset J,Cohen D

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leptin is a pivotal regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis, and defects in leptin signaling result in obesity and diabetes. The ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels couple glucose metabolism to insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we provide evidence that leptin modulates pancreatic β-cell...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park SH,Ryu SY,Yu WJ,Han YE,Ji YS,Oh K,Sohn JW,Lim A,Jeon JP,Lee H,Lee KH,Lee SH,Berggren PO,Jeon JH,Ho WK

更新日期：2013-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The fdhF gene encoding the 80-kDa selenopolypeptide subunit of formate dehydrogenase H from Escherichia coli contains an in-frame TGA codon at amino acid position 140, which encodes selenocysteine. We have analyzed how this UGA "sense codon" is discriminated from a UGA codon signaling polypeptide chain termination. De...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zinoni F,Heider J,Böck A

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis (programmed cell death). However, the biological function of apoptotic DNA fragmentation remains unclear. Here, we show that DNA fragmentation factor plays an important role for maintaining genomic stability. Inhibition or loss of the DNA fragmentation factor (DFF)/caspase-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan B,Wang H,Peng Y,Hu Y,Wang H,Zhang X,Chen Q,Bedford JS,Dewhirst MW,Li CY

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed three computer programs for comparisons of protein and DNA sequences. They can be used to search sequence data bases, evaluate similarity scores, and identify periodic structures based on local sequence similarity. The FASTA program is a more sensitive derivative of the FASTP program, which can be us...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pearson WR,Lipman DJ

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I measured the strength of interaction between a marine herbivore and its growing resource over a realistic range of absolute and relative abundances. The herbivores (hermit crabs: Pagurus spp.) have slow and/or weak functional and numerical responses to epiphytic diatoms (Isthmia nervosa), which show logistic growth ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruesink JL

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:During differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes, transcription of the C/EBP alpha (CCA-AT/enhancer binding protein alpha) gene is activated. The promoter of the C/EBP alpha gene contains a bipartite cis element with binding sites for C/EBP alpha undifferentiated protein (CUP) and an Sp1-like GT box bind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vasseur-Cognet M,Lane MD

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate how a conventional confocal spinning-disk (CSD) microscope can be converted into a doubly resolving image scanning microscopy (ISM) system without changing any part of its optical or mechanical elements. Making use of the intrinsic properties of a CSD microscope, we illuminate stroboscopically, generati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz O,Pieper C,Clever M,Pfaff J,Ruhlandt A,Kehlenbach RH,Wouters FS,Großhans J,Bunt G,Enderlein J

更新日期：2013-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the greatest challenges in contemporary condensed matter physics is to ascertain whether the formation of glasses from liquids is fundamentally thermodynamic or dynamic in origin. Although the thermodynamic paradigm has dominated theoretical research for decades, the purely kinetic perspective of the dynamical ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mishra CK,Hima Nagamanasa K,Ganapathy R,Sood AK,Gokhale S

更新日期：2014-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimization of hydride transfer (HT) catalysts to enhance rates and selectivities of (photo)electroreduction reactions could be a crucial component of a sustainable chemical industry. Here, we analyze how ring functionalization of the adsorbed transient intermediate 2-pyridinide (2-PyH-*)-predicted to form in situ fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu S,Carter EA

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Two adjacent, divergently transcribed, developmentally regulated genes of the maize chloroplast chromosome have different superhelical density/transcriptional activation profiles when transcribed in vitro by the homologous DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Promoter-specific transcription of the gene for the beta and epsil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stirdivant SM,Crossland LD,Bogorad L

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal-dominant disease characterized by the development of hundreds of adenomatous polyps of the colorectum. Approximately 80% of FAP patients can be shown to have truncating mutations of the APC gene. To determine the cause of FAP in the other 20% of patients, MAMA (mono...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laken SJ,Papadopoulos N,Petersen GM,Gruber SB,Hamilton SR,Giardiello FM,Brensinger JD,Vogelstein B,Kinzler KW

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In target tissue extracts, heat shock protein hsp90 has been found associated to all unliganded steroid receptors. Modulation of important functions of these receptors, including prevention of DNA binding and optimization of transcriptional activity, has been attributed to hsp90. However no unequivocal in vivo demonst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang KI,Devin J,Cadepond F,Jibard N,Guiochon-Mantel A,Baulieu EE,Catelli MG

更新日期：1994-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of spontaneous suppressors to the temperature-sensitive phenotype of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein mutation ssb-1 were isolated. A genomic library of EcoRI fragments from one of these suppressor strains was prepared by using pBR325 as the cloning vector. A 10.0-kilobase class of inserts was identifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruben SM,VanDenBrink-Webb SE,Rein DC,Meyer RR

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a theory, and its computer implementation, of how mental simulations underlie the abductions of informal algorithms and deductions from these algorithms. Three experiments tested the theory's predictions, using an environment of a single railway track and a siding. This environment is akin to a universal Tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khemlani SS,Mackiewicz R,Bucciarelli M,Johnson-Laird PN

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune-mediated pulmonary diseases are a significant public health concern. Analysis of leukocyte behavior in the lung is essential for understanding cellular mechanisms that contribute to normal and diseased states. Here, we used two-photon imaging to study neutrophil extravasation from pulmonary vessels and subseque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kreisel D,Nava RG,Li W,Zinselmeyer BH,Wang B,Lai J,Pless R,Gelman AE,Krupnick AS,Miller MJ

更新日期：2010-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A convergent, highly stereoselective total synthesis of (-)-spinosyn A (1) is described. Key features of the synthesis include the transannular Diels-Alder reaction of macrocyclic pentaene 11 and the transannular Morita-Baylis-Hillman cyclization of 12 that generates tetracycle 26. The total synthesis of (-)-spinosyn ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mergott DJ,Frank SA,Roush WR

更新日期：2004-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide a framework for structural multiscale geometric organization of graphs and subsets of R(n). We use diffusion semigroups to generate multiscale geometries in order to organize and represent complex structures. We show that appropriately selected eigenfunctions or scaling functions of Markov matrices, which d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coifman RR,Lafon S,Lee AB,Maggioni M,Nadler B,Warner F,Zucker SW

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides raised the possibility of an unconventional superconducting mechanism in multiband materials. The observation of Fermi-surface (FS)-dependent nodeless superconducting gaps suggested that inter-FS interactions may play a crucial role in superconducti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Terashima K,Sekiba Y,Bowen JH,Nakayama K,Kawahara T,Sato T,Richard P,Xu YM,Li LJ,Cao GH,Xu ZA,Ding H,Takahashi T

更新日期：2009-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibin, a gonadal hormone capable of preferential suppression of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, has recently been purified. The major form of this protein is an alpha beta heterodimer encoded by two separate genes. In contrast to the FSH-suppressing action of the alpha beta heterodimer, the b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsueh AJ,Dahl KD,Vaughan J,Tucker E,Rivier J,Bardin CW,Vale W

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00