Heat-shock protein 104 expression is sufficient for thermotolerance in yeast.

abstract：:The balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission influences the reticular shape of mitochondria in yeasts. Little is known about whether mitochondria fusion occurs in plants. Plant mitochondria are usually more numerous and more grain-shaped than animal mitochondria. BLAST searches of the nuclear and mitochondrial...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arimura S,Yamamoto J,Aida GP,Nakazono M,Tsutsumi N

更新日期：2004-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The virulence of many pathogens depends upon their ability to cope with immune-generated nitric oxide (NO·). In Escherichia coli, the major NO· detoxification systems are Hmp, an NO· dioxygenase (NOD), and NorV, an NO· reductase (NOR). It is well established that Hmp is the dominant system under aerobic conditions, wh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robinson JL,Brynildsen MP

更新日期：2016-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Human activities have increased N availability dramatically in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Extensive research demonstrates that local plant species diversity generally declines in response to nutrient enrichment, yet the mechanisms for this decline remain unclear. Based on an analysis of >900 species responses...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suding KN,Collins SL,Gough L,Clark C,Cleland EE,Gross KL,Milchunas DG,Pennings S

更新日期：2005-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D) are believed to be the result in part of inefficient negative selection of self-specific thymocytes. However, the events regulating thymic negative selection are not fully understood. In the current study, we demonstrate that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wallet MA,Flores RR,Wang Y,Yi Z,Kroger CJ,Mathews CE,Earp HS,Matsushima G,Wang B,Tisch R

更新日期：2009-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of chemical bonds of ruthenium(Ru)-quinine(Q) complexes, mononuclear [Ru(trpy)(3,5-t-Bu(2)Q)(OH(2))](ClO(4))(2) (trpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone) (1), and binuclear [Ru(2)(btpyan)(3,6-di-Bu(2)Q)(2)(OH(2))](2+) (btpyan = 1,8-bis(2,2':6',2''-terpyrid-4'-yl)anthracene, 3,6-t-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka K,Isobe H,Yamanaka S,Yamaguchi K

更新日期：2012-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Heparinase I from Flavobacterium heparinum has important uses for elucidating the complex sequence heterogeneity of heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (HLGAGs). Understanding the biological function of HLGAGs has been impaired by the limited methods for analysis of pure or mixed oligosaccharide fragments. Here, we use me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ernst S,Rhomberg AJ,Biemann K,Sasisekharan R

更新日期：1998-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers and mutant p53 has a gain of function (GOF) that promotes tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. One of the major GOF activities of mutant p53 is to suppress 2 other p53 family proteins, p63 and p73. However, the molecular basis is not fully understood. H...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Sun W,Kong X,Zhang Y,Yang HJ,Ren C,Jiang Y,Chen M,Chen X

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The exquisite NMR spectral sensitivity and negligible reactivity of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP(129)Xe) make it attractive for a number of magnetic resonance applications; moreover, HP(129)Xe embodies an alternative to rare and nonrenewable (3)He. However, the ability to reliably and inexpensively produce large quant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nikolaou P,Coffey AM,Walkup LL,Gust BM,Whiting N,Newton H,Barcus S,Muradyan I,Dabaghyan M,Moroz GD,Rosen MS,Patz S,Barlow MJ,Chekmenev EY,Goodson BM

更新日期：2013-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to environmental stresses, the mammalian serine threonine kinases PERK, GCN2, HRI, and PKR phosphorylate the regulatory serine 51 of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) to inhibit global protein synthesis. Plasmodium, the protozoan that causes malaria, expresses three eIF2α kinases: IK1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang M,Mishra S,Sakthivel R,Rojas M,Ranjan R,Sullivan WJ Jr,Fontoura BM,Ménard R,Dever TE,Nussenzweig V

更新日期：2012-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumococcal peptidoglycan amidase (N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, EC 3.5.1.28) and phage CPL1 lysozyme degrade a common substrate (choline-containing pneumococcal cell walls); the former hydrolyzes the bond between muramic acid and alanine, whereas the latter breaks down the linkage between muramic acid and gluc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Díaz E,López R,García JL

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 50 y, behavioral experiments have produced a large body of evidence for the existence of a magnetic sense in a wide range of animals. However, the underlying sensory physiology remains poorly understood due to the elusiveness of the magnetosensory structures. Here we present an effective method for isola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eder SH,Cadiou H,Muhamad A,McNaughton PA,Kirschvink JL,Winklhofer M

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:p53 is required for the induction of a G(1) and/or G(2) irreversible arrest after gamma irradiation (IR), whereas blocked DNA replication causes a p53-independent S-phase arrest. We have examined the response to p53 when DNA synthesis is blocked by hydroxyurea (HU) or aphidicolin or when DNA is damaged by gamma IR. Si...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gottifredi V,Shieh S,Taya Y,Prives C

更新日期：2001-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of the mouse trigeminal ganglia (TG) is the most commonly used model for the study of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency. Its popularity is caused, at least in part, by the perception that latent infection can be studied in this system in the absence of spontaneous viral reactivation. However, this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feldman LT,Ellison AR,Voytek CC,Yang L,Krause P,Margolis TP

更新日期：2002-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:An epithelial cell line, designated COMMA-1D, was derived from mammary tissue of BALB/c mice in the middle of pregnancy. This line, in continuous cell culture for 12 months, exhibits several characteristics distinctive of normal mammary epithelial cells, including induction of casein synthesis in vitro and normal duct...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Danielson KG,Oborn CJ,Durban EM,Butel JS,Medina D

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inferring causal effects from observational and interventional data is a highly desirable but ambitious goal. Many of the computational and statistical methods are plagued by fundamental identifiability issues, instability, and unreliable performance, especially for large-scale systems with many measured variables. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meinshausen N,Hauser A,Mooij JM,Peters J,Versteeg P,Bühlmann P

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of rapid climate change on contemporary human populations is of global concern. To contextualize our understanding of human responses to rapid climate change it is necessary to examine the archeological record during past climate transitions. One episode of abrupt climate change has been correlated with soc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armit I,Swindles GT,Becker K,Plunkett G,Blaauw M

更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Soot particles produced by incomplete combustion processes are one of the major components of urban air pollution. Chemistry at their surfaces lead to the heterogeneous conversion of several key trace gases; for example NO(2) interacts with soot and is converted into HONO, which rapidly photodissociates to form OH in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Monge ME,D'Anna B,Mazri L,Giroir-Fendler A,Ammann M,Donaldson DJ,George C

更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured the fidelity of bidirectional, semiconservative DNA synthesis by a human DNA replication complex in vitro. Replication was performed by extracts of HeLa cells in the presence of simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen by using a double-stranded phage M13mp2 DNA template containing the SV40 origin o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roberts JD,Kunkel TA

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by tics, which are transiently worsened by stress, acute administration of dopaminergic drugs, and by subtle deficits in motor coordination and sensorimotor gating. It represents the most severe end of a spectrum of tic disorders that, in aggregate, affect ∼ 5% of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu M,Kobets A,Du JC,Lennington J,Li L,Banasr M,Duman RS,Vaccarino FM,DiLeone RJ,Pittenger C

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate critical CNS functions, whereas excessive activity contributes to neuronal damage. At physiological glycine concentrations, NMDAR currents recorded from cultured rodent hippocampal neurons exhibited strong desensitization in the continued presence of NMDA, thus protectin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： You H,Tsutsui S,Hameed S,Kannanayakal TJ,Chen L,Xia P,Engbers JD,Lipton SA,Stys PK,Zamponi GW

更新日期：2012-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene encoding human plakoglobin was mapped to chromosome 17q12-q22. An intragenic restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to localize the plakoglobin gene distal to locus KRT10 and proximal to the marker D17S858. The plakoglobin gene colocalizes with the polymorphic 17q21 marker UM8 on the same cosmid in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aberle H,Bierkamp C,Torchard D,Serova O,Wagner T,Natt E,Wirsching J,Heidkämper C,Montagna M,Lynch HT

更新日期：1995-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The antitumor effect of doxorubicin (DOX) conjugated to a biodegradable dendrimer was evaluated in mice bearing C-26 colon carcinomas. An asymmetric biodegradable polyester dendrimer containing 8-10 wt % DOX was prepared. The design of the dendrimer carrier optimized blood circulation time through size and molecular a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee CC,Gillies ER,Fox ME,Guillaudeu SJ,Fréchet JM,Dy EE,Szoka FC

更新日期：2006-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant I1A cells, lacking IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) mRNA and protein, have been used to study the involvement of IRAK in NFkappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. A series of IRAK deletion constructs were expressed in I1A cells, which were then tested for their ability to respond to IL-1. Bot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Commane M,Jiang Z,Stark GR

更新日期：2001-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is the most highly elevated hepatic miR in obese mice and is also substantially elevated in patients who have steatosis, but its role in obesity and metabolic dysfunction remains unclear. After a meal, FGF19 is secreted from the ileum; binds to a hepatic membrane receptor complex, FGF19 receptor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu T,Choi SE,Kim DH,Seok S,Suino-Powell KM,Xu HE,Kemper JK

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessments of the importance of different routes of HIV-1 (HIV) transmission are vital for prioritization of control efforts. Lack of consistent direct data and large uncertainty in the risk of HIV transmission from HIV-contaminated injections has made quantifying the proportion of transmission caused by contaminated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White RG,Ben SC,Kedhar A,Orroth KK,Biraro S,Baggaley RF,Whitworth J,Korenromp EL,Ghani A,Boily MC,Hayes RJ

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-KII) regulates numerous physiological functions, including neuronal synaptic plasticity through the phosphorylation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type glutamate receptors. To identify proteins that may interact with and modulate CaM-KII fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang BH,Mukherji S,Soderling TR

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annual reproductive success and senescence patterns vary substantially among individuals in the wild. However, it is still seldom considered that senescence may not only affect an individual but also affect age-specific reproductive success in its offspring, generating transgenerational reproductive senescence. We use...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroeger SB,Blumstein DT,Armitage KB,Reid JM,Martin JGA

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthesis of specific polypeptides directed by purified viral messenger RNA from JLS-V9 cells infected with Rauscher leukemia virus has been studied in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The 35S viral mRNA gives rise to two major products of 65,000 and 72,000 molecular weight. The synthesis of specific polypeptides ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gielkens AL,Van Zaane D,Bloemers HP,Bloemendal H

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular oxygen (O(2)) began to accumulate in the atmosphere and surface ocean ca. 2,400 million years ago (Ma), but the persistent oxygenation of water masses throughout the oceans developed much later, perhaps beginning as recently as 580-550 Ma. For much of the intervening interval, moderately oxic surface waters ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johnston DT,Wolfe-Simon F,Pearson A,Knoll AH

更新日期：2009-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes an unbiased method for systematically determining gene function in mammalian cells. A total of 20,704 predicted human full-length cDNAs were tested for induction of the IL-8 promoter. A number of genes, including those for cytokines, receptors, adapters, kinases, and transcription factors, were i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iourgenko V,Zhang W,Mickanin C,Daly I,Jiang C,Hexham JM,Orth AP,Miraglia L,Meltzer J,Garza D,Chirn GW,McWhinnie E,Cohen D,Skelton J,Terry R,Yu Y,Bodian D,Buxton FP,Zhu J,Song C,Labow MA

更新日期：2003-10-14 00:00:00