Functional domains of ExsA, the transcriptional activator of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system.

Abstract:

:The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizes a type III secretion system (T3SS) to evade phagocytosis and damage eukaryotic cells. Transcription of the T3SS regulon is controlled by ExsA, a member of the AraC/XylS family of transcriptional regulators. These family members generally consist of an approximately 100-amino acid carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) with two helix-turn-helix DNA binding motifs and an approximately 200-amino acid amino-terminal domain (NTD) with known functions including oligomerization and ligand binding. In the present study, we show that the CTD of ExsA binds to ExsA-dependent promoters in vitro and activates transcription from ExsA-dependent promoters both in vitro and in vivo. Despite possessing these activities, the CTD lacks the cooperative binding properties observed for full-length ExsA at the P(exsC) promoter. In addition, the CTD is unaffected by the negative regulatory activity of ExsD, an inhibitor of ExsA activity. Binding studies confirm that ExsD interacts directly with the NTD of ExsA. Our data are consistent with a model in which a single ExsA molecule first binds to a high-affinity site on the P(exsC) promoter. Protein-protein interactions mediated by the NTD then recruit an additional ExsA molecule to a second site on the promoter to form a complex capable of stimulating wild-type levels of transcription. These findings provide important insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional activation by ExsA and inhibition of ExsA activity by ExsD.

journal_name

J Bacteriol

journal_title

Journal of bacteriology

authors

Brutinel ED,Vakulskas CA,Yahr TL

doi

10.1128/JB.00002-09

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-06-01 00:00:00

pages

3811-21

issue

12

eissn

0021-9193

issn

1098-5530

pii

JB.00002-09

journal_volume

191

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Biosynthesis of riboflavin in Bacillus subtilis: function and genetic control of the riboflavin synthase complex.

    abstract::Two riboflavin synthase activities (heavy and light) have been observed in earlier studies with Bacillus subtilis. The heavy enzyme is a complex of one molecule of light enzyme (consisting of three alpha subunits) and approximately 60 beta subunits (A. Bacher, R. Bauer, U. Eggers, H. Harders, and H. Schnepple, p. 729-...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.134.2.476-482.1978

    authors: Bacher A,Mailänder B

    更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00

  • Stringent regulation of the synthesis of a transfer ribonucleic acid biosynthetic enzyme: transfer ribonucleic acid(m5U)methyltransferase from Escherichia coli.

    abstract::This paper describes the regulation of a transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) biosynthetic enzyme, the tRNA(m5U)methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.35). This enzyme catalyzes the formation of 5-methyluridine (m5U, ribothymidine) in all tRNA chains of Escherichia coli. Partial deprivation of charged tRNAVal can be imposed by shift...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.130.2.635-641.1977

    authors: Ny T,Björk GR

    更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00

  • Identification and characterization of precursors in the biosynthesis of the K88ab fimbria of Escherichia coli.

    abstract::Four genes encoding for polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 17,000, 26,000 (the fimbrial subunit), 27,000, and 81,000 have been implicated in the biosynthesis of the K88ab fimbria (Mooi et al., J. Bacteriol. 150:512-521, 1982). Escherichia coli mutants with defects in these genes were examined for the pres...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.154.1.41-49.1983

    authors: Mooi FR,Wijfjes A,de Graaf FK

    更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibition of citric acid accumulation by manganese ions in Aspergillus niger mutants with reduced citrate control of phosphofructokinase.

    abstract::Mutant strains of Aspergillus niger with reduced citrate control of carbohydrate catabolism (cic mutants) grow faster than the parent strain on media containing 5% (wt/vol) citrate. The mutants tolerated a higher intracellular citrate concentration than the parent strain. One mutant (cic-7/3) contained phosphofructoki...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.165.3.1019-1022.1986

    authors: Schreferl G,Kubicek CP,Röhr M

    更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00

  • Simple method for identification of plasmid-coded proteins.

    abstract::Proteins encoded by plasmid DNA are specifically labeled in UV-irradiated cells of Escherichia coli carrying recA and uvrA mutations because extensive degradation of the chromosome DNA occurs concurrently with amplification of plasmid DNA. ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.137.1.692-693.1979

    authors: Sancar A,Hack AM,Rupp WD

    更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00

  • Biosynthesis of the corrin macrocycle of coenzyme B12 in Pseudomonas denitrificans.

    abstract::Studies with cell-free protein preparations from a series of recombinant strains of Pseudomonas denitrificans demonstrated that precorrin-3 is converted into a further trimethylated intermediate, named precorrin-3B, along the pathway to coenzyme B12. It was then shown that the part of the pathway from precorrin-3 (cal...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.175.22.7430-7440.1993

    authors: Debussche L,Thibaut D,Cameron B,Crouzet J,Blanche F

    更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00

  • Interaction of Streptococcus mutans YidC1 and YidC2 with translating and nontranslating ribosomes.

    abstract::The YidC/OxaI/Alb3 family of membrane proteins is involved in the biogenesis of integral membrane proteins in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Gram-positive bacteria often contain multiple YidC paralogs that can be subdivided into two major classes, namely, YidC1 and YidC2. The Streptococcus mutans YidC1 and ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.00792-13

    authors: Wu ZC,de Keyzer J,Berrelkamp-Lahpor GA,Driessen AJ

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Complete genome sequence of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus 3016, a bacterium functional as microbial fertilizer.

    abstract::Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is a ubiquitous functional bacterium in microbial fertilizer. Here we report the complete sequence of P. mucilaginosus 3016. Multiple sets of functional genes have been found in the genome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first announcement about the complete genome sequence of a ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.00323-12

    authors: Ma M,Wang Z,Li L,Jiang X,Guan D,Cao F,Chen H,Wang X,Shen D,Du B,Li J

    更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of meat-curing salts and temperature on production of staphylococcal enterotoxin B.

    abstract::We investigated the effect of time, temperature, and the presence of sodium chloride, nitrates, and nitrites in the medium on the growth and production of enterotoxin B by Staphylococcus aureus. Assays by the double gel-diffusion method showed that maximal enterotoxin B production occurs at the beginning of the statio...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.95.4.1207-1211.1968

    authors: McLean RA,Lilly HD,Alford JA

    更新日期:1968-04-01 00:00:00

  • The bile response repressor BreR regulates expression of the Vibrio cholerae breAB efflux system operon.

    abstract::Enteric pathogens have developed several resistance mechanisms to survive the antimicrobial action of bile. We investigated the transcriptional profile of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strain C6706 under virulence gene-inducing conditions in the presence and absence of bile. Microarray analysis revealed that the expressio...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.00584-08

    authors: Cerda-Maira FA,Ringelberg CS,Taylor RK

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • Extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in different enterobacteria.

    abstract::Eighty-seven different enterobacteria and pseudomonas strains were examined for the presence of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Thirty-four strains contained closed circular DNA by the ethidium bromide CsCl density technique. Extrachromosomal DNA was most frequent in Escherichia and Klebsiella strains. T...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.114.1.367-377.1973

    authors: Christiansen C,Christiansen G,Bak AL,Stenderup A

    更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00

  • nfi, the gene for endonuclease V in Escherichia coli K-12.

    abstract::Endonuclease V is specific for single-stranded DNA or for duplex DNA that contains uracil or that is damaged by a variety of agents (B. Demple and S. Linn, J. Biol. Chem. 257:2848-2855, 1982). Thus, it may be a versatile DNA repair enzyme. The protein was purified to apparent homogeneity, and from its N-terminal seque...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.179.2.310-316.1997

    authors: Guo G,Ding Y,Weiss B

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Bacillus subtilis paraquat resistance is directed by sigmaM, an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor, and is conferred by YqjL and BcrC.

    abstract::A Bacillus subtilis sigM null mutant, lacking the extracytoplasmic function sigma(M) protein, was sensitive to paraquat (PQ), a superoxide-generating reagent, but not to the redox stress-inducing compounds hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, or diamide. Surprisingly, a sigM mutant was only ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.187.9.2948-2956.2005

    authors: Cao M,Moore CM,Helmann JD

    更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00

  • Complete genome sequence of Erythrobacter litoralis HTCC2594.

    abstract::Erythrobacter litoralis has been known as a bacteriochlorophyll a-containing, aerobic, anoxygenic, phototrophic bacterium. Here we announce the complete genome sequence of E. litoralis HTCC2594, which is devoid of phototrophic potential. E. litoralis HTCC2594, isolated by dilution-to-extinction culturing from seawater...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.00026-09

    authors: Oh HM,Giovannoni SJ,Ferriera S,Johnson J,Cho JC

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Delayed expression of in vivo restriction activity following conjugal transfer of Escherichia coli hsdK (restriction-modification) genes.

    abstract::Following conjugal transfer of the hsdK genes (hsdRK, hsdMK, and hsdSK) of Escherichia coli K-12, restriction activity was first detected only after approximately 15 generations, whereas modification activity was observed immediately. This sequential expression explains the establishment of hsdK genes in a nonmodified...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.175.15.4905-4906.1993

    authors: Prakash-Cheng A,Ryu J

    更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00

  • Transcriptional analysis of the hmw gene cluster of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

    abstract::Mycoplasma pneumoniae adherence to host cells is a multifactorial process that requires the cytadhesin P1 and additional accessory proteins. The hmw gene cluster consists of the genes p30, hmw3, and hmw1, the products of which are known to be essential for cytadherence, the rpsD gene, and six open reading frames of un...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.181.16.4978-4985.1999

    authors: Waldo RH 3rd,Popham PL,Romero-Arroyo CE,Mothershed EA,Lee KK,Krause DC

    更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00

  • Rabbit ileal loop response to strains of Clostridium perfringens.

    abstract::The ligated loop of the rabbit intestine was investigated as a possible experimental model for the study of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning. The method of preparation of the challenge inoculum was important in determining whether a given strain would provoke a response. When cultures were grown for 4 hr at 37 C...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.95.5.1560-1566.1968

    authors: Duncan CL,Sugiyama H,Strong DH

    更新日期:1968-05-01 00:00:00

  • High-molecular-weight complexes of RsbR and paralogues in the environmental signaling pathway of Bacillus subtilis.

    abstract::Bacillus subtilis has developed an intricate signal transduction cascade to respond to the imposition of a variety of stresses on the cell. Reversible protein phosphorylation and the formation of alternative protein-protein complexes modulate the activity of sigma(B), the RNA polymerase sigma factor subunit responsibl...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.00892-06

    authors: Delumeau O,Chen CC,Murray JW,Yudkin MD,Lewis RJ

    更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00

  • Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the Escherichia coli agp gene encoding periplasmic acid glucose-1-phosphatase.

    abstract::The nucleotide sequence of the agp gene, which encodes a periplasmic glucose-1-phosphatase, was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to a 413-amino-acid-residue polypeptide with a typical hydrophobic signal sequence of 22 amino acids. The mature protein lacks the N-terminal signal peptide and has a ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.172.2.802-807.1990

    authors: Pradel E,Marck C,Boquet PL

    更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00

  • Purification and characterization of the N-terminal domain of ExeA: a novel ATPase involved in the type II secretion pathway of Aeromonas hydrophila.

    abstract::Aeromonas hydrophila secretes a number of degradative enzymes and toxins into the external milieu via the type II secretory pathway or secreton. ExeA is an essential component of this system and is necessary for the localization and/or multimerization of the secretin ExeD. ExeA contains two sequence motifs characteris...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.187.18.6370-6378.2005

    authors: Schoenhofen IC,Li G,Strozen TG,Howard SP

    更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00

  • Galactose transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Nonmetabolized sugars as substrates and inducers of the galactose transport system.

    abstract::The inducible galactose transport system in bakers' yeast carries out the facilitated diffusion of the nonmetabolized galactose analogues d-fucose and l-arabinose. This capacity depends on the activity of the Ga 2 gene. In some strains, d-fucose and l-arabinose are also gratuitous inducers. Mutants in which the induci...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.95.5.1727-1731.1968

    authors: Cirillo VP

    更新日期:1968-05-01 00:00:00

  • Biochemical characterization of StyAB from Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120 as a two-component flavin-diffusible monooxygenase.

    abstract::Pseudomonas sp. VLB120 uses styrene as a sole source of carbon and energy. The first step in this metabolic pathway is catalyzed by an oxygenase (StyA) and a NADH-flavin oxidoreductase (StyB). Both components have been isolated from wild-type Pseudomonas strain VLB120 as well as from recombinant Escherichia coli. StyA...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.186.16.5292-5302.2004

    authors: Otto K,Hofstetter K,Röthlisberger M,Witholt B,Schmid A

    更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00

  • Dentilisin activity affects the organization of the outer sheath of Treponema denticola.

    abstract::Prolyl-phenylalanine-specific serine protease (dentilisin) is a major extracellular protease produced by Treponema denticola. The gene, prtP, coding for the protease was recently cloned and sequenced (K. Ishihara, T. Miura, H. K. Kuramitsu, and K. Okuda, Infect. Immun. 64:5178-5186, 1996). In order to determine the ro...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.180.15.3837-3844.1998

    authors: Ishihara K,Kuramitsu HK,Miura T,Okuda K

    更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00

  • PENTOSE UTILIZATION BY PEDIOCOCCUS PENTOSACEUS.

    abstract::Dobrogosz, Walter J. (University of Illinois, Urbana) and Ralph D. DeMoss. Pentose utilization by Pediococcus pentosaceus. J. Bacteriol. 85:1356-1364. 1963.-Data are presented which indicate that pentoses are metabolized by Pediococcus pentosaceus through the use of an inducible phosphoketolase pathway. The utilizatio...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.85.6.1356-1364.1963

    authors: DOBROGOSZ WJ,DEMOSS RD

    更新日期:1963-06-01 00:00:00

  • Taxonomy of marine bacteria: Beneckea parahaemolytica and Beneckea alginolytica.

    abstract::A collection of 169 strains, including 91 obtained from cases of gastroenteritis and 41 from localized tissue infections and infections of the eye and ear, was submitted to an extensive nutritional, physiological, and morphological characterization. The nutritional and physiological data obtained from these strains, a...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.113.3.1144-1155.1973

    authors: Baumann P,Baumann L,Reichelt JL

    更新日期:1973-03-01 00:00:00

  • Iron transport in Mycobacterium smegmatis: Uptake of iron from ferric citrate.

    abstract::In mycobacterial growth medium 40 to 400 microM citrate was required to solubilize 2 microM 55Fe. This solubilized 55Fe was taken up into both iron-deficient and iron sufficient washed cell suspensions of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Although the 55Fe was taken up into the cell, the citrate was...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/JB.149.1.131-135.1982

    authors: Messenger AJ,Ratledge C

    更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00

  • Complete nucleotide sequence of Tn10.

    abstract::The complete nucleotide sequence of Tn10 has been determined. The dinucleotide signature and percent G+C of the sequence had no discontinuities, indicating that Tn10 constitutes a homogeneous unit. The new sequence contained three new open reading frames corresponding to a glutamate permease, repressors of heavy metal...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.182.10.2970-2972.2000

    authors: Chalmers R,Sewitz S,Lipkow K,Crellin P

    更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00

  • Regulation of the pcaIJ genes for aromatic acid degradation in Pseudomonas putida.

    abstract::Six of the genes encoding enzymes of the beta-ketoadipate pathway for benzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate degradation in Pseudomonas putida are organized into at least three separate transcriptional units. As an initial step to defining this pca regulon at the molecular level, lacZ fusions were made with the pcaI and pcaJ ...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.175.18.5829-5838.1993

    authors: Parales RE,Harwood CS

    更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00

  • Gene transfer in magnetic bacteria: transposon mutagenesis and cloning of genomic DNA fragments required for magnetosome synthesis.

    abstract::Broad-host-range IncP and IncQ plasmids have been transferred to the aerobic magnetic bacterium Aquaspirillum sp. strain AMB-1. Conjugal matings with Escherichia coli S17-1 allowed high-frequency transfer of the RK2 derivative pRK415 (4.5 x 10(-3) transconjugant per recipient cell) and the RSF1010 derivative pKT230 (3...

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.174.9.2748-2753.1992

    authors: Matsunaga T,Nakamura C,Burgess JG,Sode K

    更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of three distinct extradiol dioxygenases involved in mineralization of dibenzofuran by Terrabacter sp. strain DPO360.

    abstract::The dibenzofuran-degrading bacterial strain DPO360 represents a new species of the genus Terrabacter together with the previously described dibenzofuran-mineralizing bacterial strain DPO1361 (K.-H. Engesser, V. Strubel, K. Christoglou, P. Fischer, and H. G. Rast, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 65:205-210, 1989; V. Strubel, Ph....

    journal_title:Journal of bacteriology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1128/jb.179.1.53-62.1997

    authors: Schmid A,Rothe B,Altenbuchner J,Ludwig W,Engesser KH

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00