Abstract:
:A retrospective study was conducted to examine aripiprazole's effectiveness and safety in a naturalistic treatment setting in both inpatients and outpatients affected by schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. All patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and delusional disorders, and schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders treated with aripiprazole from March 1, 2005, to March 1, 2006, in the authors' community mental health service were divided into outpatient (n=26) and inpatient (n=17) groups; the average treatment periods were 204 days and 25 days, respectively. Effectiveness was evaluated by improvement of symptoms (a 25% reduction of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale [BPRS] score from baseline) and functioning level (a 50% increase of Global Assessment of Functioning [GAF] scale score from baseline), as well as dropout rate. Adverse effects and their impact on treatment course were also evaluated. The final scores of the 2 scales showed a statistically significant difference from baseline (BPRS: p<.001 in the 2 groups; GAF: p<.005 in inpatients, p<.001 in outpatients). The average improvements in BPRS and GAF were 54% and 35%, respectively, in outpatients and 71% and 71% in inpatients. Side effects included anxiety, psychomotor agitation, insomnia, and psychotic symptom worsening. The dropout rate was 24% in inpatients and 23% in outpatients, largely because of the aforementioned side effects. The data, though limited by the small sample and naturalistic methodology, suggest that aripiprazole may be effective for both long- and short-term treatment, with a greater improvement among inpatients and a similar dropout rate between groups.
journal_name
Exp Clin Psychopharmacoljournal_title
Experimental and clinical psychopharmacologyauthors
Di Lorenzo R,Amoretti A,Forghieri M,Fiorini F,Genedani S,Rigatelli Mdoi
10.1037/1064-1297.15.6.569subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
569-75issue
6eissn
1064-1297issn
1936-2293pii
2007-18976-008journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Alcohol-specific attentional biases (AttB) and approach biases (AppB) are postulated to play a role in alcohol use disorders but their association with drinking in young adults remains unknown. A subsample of young adults with risky alcohol use (N = 296) enrolled in a randomized trial, testing different text message i...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000343
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children's alcohol expectancies shift in late childhood/early adolescence in ways thought to lead to increased risk for adolescent alcohol use. The precise nature of this shift and the maturational processes that may influence it remain to be clarified. To these ends, we compared expectancy endorsement by grade across...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0025373
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors investigated the effects of a laboratory stressor task on rapid initial orienting and delayed disengagement aspects of attentional bias for alcohol-related cues in social drinkers (N = 58). Participants were randomly allocated to receive a stress induction or control manipulation before completing a visual...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0017090
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug cue reactivity is theoretically and clinically important. The modified Stroop task has been widely used to assess attention capture by drug cues (attentional bias). Attentional bias to drug cues is assumed to reflect the incentive value of those cues, but this has not been directly tested. The authors examined wh...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0016658
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Habitual substance use is associated with attentional bias for stimuli related to the use. The current study tested whether individuals' substance use can be predicted from their attentional bias for concern-related and substance-related stimuli. Participants (N = 71; 54% male) were selected among university students ...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0017294
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some sons of male alcoholics (SOMAs) are characterized by an increased heart rate (HR) response to alcohol intoxication, which is thought to reflect increased sensitivity to alcohol-induced reward. Such a response has also been related to increased physical aggression. However, the confounding effect of aggression in ...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1064-1297.11.2.158
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzodiazepines and alcohol are widely used psychoactive substances that have performance-impairing effects. Research suggests that the impairment profiles for benzodiazepines and alcohol differ, although few cognitive psychopharmacological studies have directly compared these drugs. This double-blind, double-dummy, p...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0018407
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were exposed to a diet containing 100 ppm cadmium chloride or a control diet. At 52 days of exposure, rats were trained to discriminate between saline and 5 mg/kg cocaine injections. After acquisition training, successive substitution tests were conducted using cocaine, the indirect dopamine agonist d-amphetamine...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//1064-1297.7.2.90
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has become a popular and controversial practice among young people. Increased rates of impaired driving and injuries have been associated with AmED consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine if the consumption of AmED alters cognitive processing and...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037/a0026136
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The social environment plays a critical role in determining the likelihood that an individual will use drugs or will develop a drug use disorder. Recent evidence obtained from preclinical studies reveals that proximal social factors (i.e., those factors that are immediately present at the time of drug exposure) exert ...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0034669
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are important individual differences in acute subjective responses to alcohol, which have often been assessed using self-report measures. There is also evidence of meaningful between-persons variation in alcohol's disinhibiting effects on behavior, such that some individuals become more impaired on tasks of inhi...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000065
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies examining both control and substance-dependent populations have found delay discounting to remain stable over time. In this report, we examine whether delay discounting changes in opioid-dependent individuals who complete a 12-week treatment. The 159 subjects who completed discounting assessments at ba...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027391
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addiction is characterized as a chronic debilitating disease. One devastating feature of addiction is the susceptibility of relapse (40-60%) after stretches of abstinence. One theory that may account for relapse suggests that drug cues (e.g., paraphernalia) may increase stress hormones, and this may prompt relapse. Re...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000195
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among young adults, subjective feelings of alcohol's effects often guide risky decision making. The majority of studies measuring subjective effects have used singular indices ("How drunk do you feel?") which limits our understanding of young adults' full range of subjective states and their individual differences in ...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000416
更新日期:2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescent brains are particularly susceptible to the rewarding properties of risky decisions in social contexts. Individual differences in genetic influences on dopamine transmission moderate neural outcome processing of risky decisions and may exert pronounced effects on adolescent risk-taking behavior (RTB) and cor...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000105
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonmedical use of prescription drugs is a widely recognized public health issue, and young adults are particularly vulnerable to their use. Behavioral economic drug purchase tasks capture an individual's strength of desire and motivation for a particular drug. We examined young adult prescription drug purchase and...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000052
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine acts through dopamine Type I receptors (comprising D1 and D5 subtypes) and dopamine Type II receptors (comprising D2, D3, and D4 subtypes). Intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) is 1 experimental procedure that can be used to evaluate abuse-related effects of drugs targeting dopamine receptors. This study eval...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000067
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of using several nicotine replacement treatments on self-reported withdrawal symptoms and side effects during 2-day periods of smoking cessation, with 5 days of ad lib smoking between cessation days, were evaluated. Participants (N = 18) experienced the following conditions: nicotine gum, 24-hr patch, 16-h...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//1064-1297.5.1.54
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In community-based alcoholism and drug abuse treatment programs, the vast majority of interventions are delivered in a group therapy context. In turn, treatment providers and funding agencies have called for more research on interventions delivered in groups in an effort to make the emerging empirical literature on th...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/1064-1297.14.2.265
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is becoming increasingly evident that the sex of an organism is a critical determinant of responsiveness to opioid analgesics. However, the factors that determine the magnitude and direction of sex differences in opioid antinociception have not been fully elucidated. One factor that has received attention is the re...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/1064-1297.14.1.1
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from 4 smoking cessation trials conducted from 1988 to 2000, the authors investigated whether men are more successful than women in quitting smoking. Odds ratios indicated that the abstinence rates were not significantly different for men and women. Thus, there may be little value to diverting research fund...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//1064-1297.10.3.295
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pramipexole (PPX) is a dopamine agonist medication that has been implicated in the development of pathological gambling and other impulse control disorders. Johnson, Madden, Brewer, Pinkston, and Fowler (2011) reported that PPX increased male rats' preference for gambling-like rewards (those arranged according to a va...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027117
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research examining the role of pharmacological therapy in the treatment of children and adolescents with clinical disorders is growing. Clinical disorders that present with comorbid aggression can add a challenge to treatment. Child and adolescent neuropsychiatric disorders associated with aggression include attention...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0018059
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the important roles of postquit affect and withdrawal symptoms in the process of smoking cessation have been well established, little is known about the relations between prequit affective trajectories and cessation outcome on the target quit date (TQD). This study examined whether a 16-week course of fluoxet...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0037156
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of different response requirements, response-independent cigarette puffs, and an alternative nondrug reinforcer on cigarette smoking were assessed in 2 experiments. The response requirement to obtain 2 puffs on a cigarette was manipulated while various numbers of response-independent puffs were provided (0, 6,...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//1064-1297.5.4.334
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a novel procedure for computer-controlled drug-dose determination for IV drug self-administration studies. By modifying the duration of each infusion of a single concentration of a drug solution, five or more unit doses (mg/kg/inj) can be dispensed from the same syringe. The advantages of this pr...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0023037
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The psycholinguistic analysis of client-counselor interactions indicates that how individuals talk about their substance use is associated with treatment outcome. However, the processes by which client speech influences out-of-session behaviors have not been clearly delineated. This study investigated the relationship...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000063
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goods-based contingency management interventions (e.g., those using vouchers or prizes as incentives) have demonstrated efficacy in reducing cocaine use, but cost has limited dissemination to community clinics. Recent research suggests that development of a cash-based contingency management approach may improve treatm...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1064-1297.15.4.338
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy drinking among college students is a public health concern in part due to the accessibility of alcohol and promotions such as "happy hours," which discount the price of alcohol. In addition, consuming alcohol at unregulated off-campus parties may result in greater alcohol consumption, higher blood alcohol concen...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pha0000360
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::The review article "Regulation of Drug Taking by Sensitization and Habituation" by F. K. McSweeney, E. S. Murphy, and B. P. Kowal introduces 2 basic principles of behavior, sensitization and habituation, into a comprehensive model for studying drug intake and drug addiction. A key assumption of the model is that the r...
journal_title:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1064-1297.13.3.187
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00