Abstract:
:DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are introduced in cells by ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species. In addition, they are commonly generated during V(D)J recombination, an essential aspect of the developing immune system. Failure to effectively repair these DSBs can result in chromosome breakage, cell death, onset of cancer, and defects in the immune system of higher vertebrates. Fortunately, all mammalian cells possess two enzymatic pathways that mediate the repair of DSBs: homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). The NHEJ process utilizes enzymes that capture both ends of the broken DNA molecule, bring them together in a synaptic DNA-protein complex, and finally repair the DNA break. In this review, all the known enzymes that play a role in the NHEJ process are discussed and a working model for the co-operation of these enzymes during DSB repair is presented.
journal_name
Cell Resjournal_title
Cell researchauthors
Weterings E,Chen DJdoi
10.1038/cr.2008.3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
114-24issue
1eissn
1001-0602issn
1748-7838pii
cr20083journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
CELL RESEARCH文献大全abstract::This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM (men who have sex with men) and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290359
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganisms; a number of accessory molecules have been shown to assist microbial recognition by TLRs. In a recent paper in Cell Research, Yang et al. demonstrate that Mex3B is associated with TLR3 in ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2016.29
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential for the initiation of dorsal-ventral patterning during vertebrate embryogenesis. Maternal β-catenin accumulates in dorsal marginal nuclei during cleavage stages, but its critical target genes essential for dorsalization are silent until mid-blastula transition (MBT). Here, we find ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2016.141
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were transfected with pULB 3238, a plasmid carrying MVMp NS-1 gene with its original P4 promoter replaced by the glucocorticoid inducible promoter MMTV-LTR. After the integration and expression of NS-1 gene, some of the transfectants died, while others remained alive, but the growth f...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.1997.22
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence indicates that the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are basic mechanisms for cell fate conversion and may help us understand both physiologic and pathologic processes such as development and carcinogenesis. Here, we further suggest that mammalian...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2014.93
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cpf1 systems have been successfully harnessed for genome editing. In the CRISPR-Cas9 system, the preordered A-form RNA seed sequence and preformed protein PAM-interacting cleft are essential for Cas9 to form a DNA recognition-competent structure. Whether the CRISPR-Cpf1 system employs a similar ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2016.88
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) harbor constitutive DNA replication stress during their rapid proliferation and the consequent genome instability hampers their applications in regenerative medicine. It is therefore important to understand the regulatory mechanisms of replication stress response in PSCs. Here, we report ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2017.139
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin is the protein product encoded by the obese (ob) gene. It is a circulating hormone produced primarily by the adipose tissue. ob/ob mice with mutations of the gene encoding leptin become morbidly obese, infertile, hyperphagic, hypothermic, and diabetic. Since the cloning of leptin in 1994, our knowledge in body ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290038
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Achieving increased grain productivity has long been the overriding focus of cereal breeding programs. The ideotype approach has been used to improve rice yield potential at the International Rice Research Institute and in China. However, the genetic basis of yield-related traits in rice remains unclear. Here, we show...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2017.98
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A potential link between inflammation and cancer has been suspected for over a century, but the exact molecular mechanisms connecting the two remained nebulous. We proposed that NF-kappaB transcription factors regulated via the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex play a critical role in coupling inflammation and cancer and h...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/cr.2008.30
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::EKLF is an erythroid-specific, zinc finger-containing transcription factor essential for the activation of the mammalian beta globin gene in erythroid cells of definitive lineage. We have prepared a polyclonal anti-mouse EKLF antibody suitable for Western blotting and immunoprecipitation (IP) qualities, and used it to...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7310045
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets play an essential role in hemostasis and atherothrombosis. Owing to their short storage time, there is constant demand for this life-saving blood component. In this study, we report that it is feasible to generate functional megakaryocytes and platelets from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on a large scal...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2011.8
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41422-020-0311-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene family play important roles in vertebrate neurogenesis. In this study, confocal microscopy-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is used to monitor bHLH protein-protein interactions under various physiological conditions. Tissue-specific bHLH activators, ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7310076
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) was critical for many plant growth and developmental processes including seed maturation, germination and response to environmental factors. With the purpose to detect the possible ABA related signal transduction pathways, we tried to isolate ABA-regulated genes through cDNA macroarray...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290151
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human cytosolic NADP-IDH (IDH1) has recently been found to be involved in tumorigenesis. Notably, the tumor-derived IDH1 mutations identified so far mainly occur at Arg132, and mutation R132H is the most prevalent one. This mutation impairs the oxidative IDH activity of the enzyme, but renders a new reduction function...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2010.145
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation reports a protocol for transfer and expression of foreign chimeric genes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Transformation was achieved by co-cultivation of mature zygotic embryos with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 which harbored a binary vector (pBI121) including genes for beta-glucuroni...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290092
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in the processes of postnatal neovascularization and re-endothelialization in response to tissue ischemia and endothelial injury. The level of EPCs present has been found to be directly associated with the outcome of cardiovascular diseases, and could be regulated by sti...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2008.69
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TGF-beta superfamily members have important roles in controlling patterning and tissue formation in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Two types of signal transducers, receptors and Smads, mediate the signaling to regulate expression of their target genes. Despite of the relatively simple signal transduction path...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290246
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::T helper (TH)-cell subsets, such as TH1 and TH17, mediate inflammation in both peripheral tissues and central nervous system. Here we show that STAT5 is required for T helper-cell pathogenicity in autoimmune neuroinflammation but not in experimental colitis. Although STAT5 promotes regulatory T cell generation and imm...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2014.154
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant responses to developmental and environmental cues are often mediated by calcium (Ca(2+)) signals that are transmitted by diverse calcium sensors. The calcineurin B-like (CBL) protein family represents calcium sensors that decode calcium signals through specific interactions with a group of CBL-interacting protei...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2012.161
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient generation of functional human vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from pluripotent stem cells is an extensively studied topic and of great interest in the stem cell field. Though thought to be technically complex and difficult, substantial progress has been made towards this direction. Here w...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2012.131
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Beclin 1 gene is a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor and plays an essential role in autophagy. However, the molecular mechanism by which Beclin 1 functions remains largely unknown. Here we report the crystal structure of the evolutionarily conserved domain (ECD) of Beclin 1 at 1.6 Å resolution. Beclin 1 ECD exhi...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2012.24
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term "lineage reprogramming" is typically used to describe the conversion of one differentiated somatic cell type into another without transit through a pluripotent intermediate. Two recent reports in Nature demonstrate that such a conversion can be achieved in the heart in situ, and suggest a novel, regenerative ...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2012.101
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The partitioning-defective 3 (Par3), a key component in the conserved Par3/Par6/aPKC complex, plays fundamental roles in cell polarity. Herein we report the identification of Ku70 and Ku80 as novel Par3-interacting proteins through an in vitro binding assay followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. K...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7310145
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parthenogenetic embryonic stem (pES) cells provide a valuable in vitro model system for studying the molecular mechanisms that underlie genomic imprinting. However, the pluripotency of pES cells and the expression profiles of paternally expressed imprinted genes have not been fully explored. In this study, three mouse...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2007.70
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was the first time demonstrated by us that the number of newborn neurons was increased after making lesion in forebrain of adult ring dove (Streptopelia risoria) by means of autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. Neurogenesis in the adult avian is restricted to the telencephalon. In doves with bilateral electrol...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.1998.15
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using two-colour flow cytometry >200 antibodies submitted to the 8th International Workshop of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA8) have been analyzed for their reactivity with resting and activated CD203c+ basophils. Four antibodies either non-reactive or weakly reactive with resting basophils exhibited a...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290301
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD8 engagement with class I major histocompatibility antigens greatly enhances T-cell activation, but it is not clear how this is achieved. We address the question of whether or not the antibody-mediated ligation of CD8 alone induces transcriptional remodeling in a T-cell clone, using serial analysis of gene expressio...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cr.2008.56
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In searching for differentially expressed genes in human uterine leiomyomas (ULs), suppression subtractive hybridization was used to construct an UL up-regulated library, which turned out to represent 88 genes. After two rounds of screening by reverse Northern analysis, twenty genes were proved to be up-regulated, inc...
journal_title:Cell research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290127
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00